IOSR-JBM   National Conference on Advances in Engineering, Technology & Management (AETM'15)

Abstract: Quality of work life refers to the level of happiness or dissatisfaction with one's career. There is an attempt to look in to the quality of work life among workers with special reference to Dhruv global a textile industry. The research design chosen is descriptive in nature. The sample size taken to conduct the research is 60 workers. For this study, the sampling technique chosen is convenient sampling. Structured interview schedule was used for primary data collection. Simple Percentage Analysis, Chi square analysis and weighted average score analysis are the tools used for data analysis. The investigation has been remarkably pointed out that the major factors that influence and decide the quality of work life are attitude, environment and risk involved in the work and rewards. The responses has proved that the workers are not much satisfied with the job and job security and they are least satisfied with the compensation provided by the organization and also proved that the top most factor which influence and decide the quality of work life is work environment.

[1] Herzberg, F., Mausner, B., and Snyderman, B. (1959), "The Motivation to Work" (2nd ed.) New York: John Wiley.
[2] Straw, R.J. and C.C. Heckscher, 1984. QWL: New working relationships in the communication industry. Labor Studies J., 9: 261-274.
[3] Mathur, R. N., (1989), Quality of working life of women construction workers, Commonwealth Publishers, New Delhi, India.
[4] Datta , Tanmoy 1999),"Quality Of Work Like: A Human Values Approach", Journal Of Human Values,Vol:5,No.2,(Oct),pp.135-145
[5] Muqtada, M., Singh, A.M., and Rashid, M.A., (2002), "Bangladesh: Economic and Social Challenges of Globalization" The University Press Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [A study prepared for the International Labor Office, Geneva]

Abstract: This article seeks to understand the competitive strategies followed by unorganized retailers in present competitive and fast changing environment. The study is descriptive cum analytical in nature. The research was carried on two cities (Karnal and Kurukshetra) of Haryana state. The responses were taken from 100 owner of unorganized kirana stores (50 from each city) through a questionnaire. The mean, standard deviation and t-test are used to get conclusion. The modern young people are mostly going to get purchase from Malls and shopping complex. So, there is stiff competition between organized and unorganized retailers. The study found that reducing price, to make available more choices and branded product are the major tool for unorganized retailers to face competition. The study also helpful in understanding is there any difference in the strategy followed by the unorganized retailing in two cities.
Keywords: Competitive strategies, Retailing, Unorganized retailing.

[1] Corporate Catalyst India, A Brief Report on Retail in India" (2015)
[2] ICRIERPolicy Series, VeerendraTalegaonkar,Loksatta, Mumbai, 5/12/2011, Pp. 11
[3] Indian retail report, 2013
[4] Defend India Livelihood, Oppose FDI in Retail, December, (2011).
[5] Sharma P. Retail Organized Vs Unorganized or Co-existence of Organized and Unorganized, A Ground Zero Report Zee Research Group.(2012)

Abstract: The behavior of retail investor's is changing towards derivative market in India for the last few years and with the introduction of behavioral finance the researcher would like to capture that. The concept of behavioral finance is booming in the capital market, there is hardly any place where its concepts aren't being applied. There is a need to grab more attention of the investor's towards derivative market and draw inferences from investor's behavior so that the derivative market can benefit and understand investor's preference better and unravel the factors that influence the risk tolerance level of the investors. So the crux of the study will give the researcher a quantitative model reflecting the factors affecting the investor behavior in derivative market with load factors. Through this study the researchers would like to study the various factors responsible for the investment behavior in derivative market. This will not only help the asset management companies to frame there investment policy but also help the macro policy makers to frame certain policy which will encourage investors to invest in derivative market.
Key words: Investor behavior, Derivative market, Investment.

[1] Anna, A., Andreas, G., George, S., & Dev P., "Economic Factors and Individual Investor Behavior: The Case of the Greek Stock Exchange," Journal of Applied Business Research, 20(4), 93 97.
[2] Fenton, M., O‟creevy, Soane, E., Nicholson, N., & Willman, P., "Thinking, feeling and deciding: The influence of emotions on the decision making and performance of traders," Journal of Organizational Behavior, 32, 2011, 1044–1061.
[3] William T. Lin, Shih-Chua, & Pei-Yau Lung," Investors‟ Herd Behavior: Rational or Irrational," Asia-Pacific Journal of Financial Studies 42, 2013, 755–776.
[4] Brian, M., Dowling, M., "The Role of Feelings in Investor Decision Making," Journal of economic surveys, 19(2), 2005, 212- 234.
[5] Blasco, N., Corredor, P., Ferreruela, S., "Market sentiment: a key factor of investors‟ imitative behavior," Accounting and Finance, 52, 663–689 (2012).

Abstract: Organisational Commitment has become important for the commercial organisations due to progressions in technology increase in the level of competition globally and rapid growth of services sector in about all parts of the world. In every service sector organisation, the employee plays an important role to accomplish the tasks, objectives, and targets to achieve persistence in the globally competitive world. Thus, it becomes essential for the organisations that their employees become committed and stay in the organisation. Organisational commitment is defined as a warm desire to remain an employee of a particular organisation and trust in, and accept the measures and objectives of his/her organisation. Organisational commitment constitutes employees' positive attitude towards their organisation and committed employees has a substantial impact on improvement in the performance of their organisation. The present study has been done to compare the organisational commitment of male & female employees and married & single employees working in commercial banks. A sample of employees working in public sector banks and private sector banks in Haryana has been chosen for the present study. Stratified Random Sampling was used for this study. The findings of the study suggested that the banking organisations should adopt the strategies to improve the Organisational Commitment for the single employees so that they get more motivated and attached to their organisation.
Key Words: Commercial banks, Employees, Gender, Marital status,Organisational Commitment.

[1] Mowday, R.T.L.M. and Steers, R.K., Employee Organizational linkages: The Psychology of Commencement, Absenteeism, and Turnover, Occupational Psychology, Academic Press, New York: 1982, 219-229.
[2] Meyer, J. & Allen,N. ,Commitment in the Work Place : Theory, research & application", Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications (1997).
[3] Stephen P. Robbins, Timothy A. Judge and SeemaSanghi, Organizational Behaviour, Pearson, Printice Hall, Delhi, 2008, 91.
[4] Pala Fikriet.al.,The Effects of Demographic Characteristics on Organisational Commitment and Job Satisfaction: An Empirical Study on Turkish Health Care Staff,The Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources,10(2) , 2008, 54-75.
[5] Parboteeah, K.P. et.al , Role Stressor and Organisational Commitment: Public Sector Employment in St Lucia, International Journal of Manpower, 29(6), 2008,567-582.

Abstract: Corporate Social Responsibility has gained significance since the last decade. More and more companies are reporting on their CSR activities. To encourage more entities to participate in the process of development of the society through CSR, the Government of India has implemented the concept of CSR in the new Companies Act 2013 u/s 135. Tata steel and SAIL are among the top companies reporting on CSR. The present study aims to study the comparison between the CSR practices of the two on the various dimensions, namely, education, health, art and culture, environment, road construction, water facilities and creating sustainable livelihoods.
Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, Sustainability, Environment.

[1] BANSAL SANGEETA & RAI SHACHI, AN ANALYSIS OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY EXPENDITURE IN INDIA, ECONOMIC & POLITICAL WEEKLY, VOL. - XLIX NO. 50, DECEMBER 13, 2014.
[2] PERFORMANCE AUDIT ON CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF STEEL AUTHORITY OF INDIA AND RASHTRIYA ISPAT NIGAM LIMITED, REPORT NO. 27 OF 2010-11.
[3] SAIL CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY REPORT, 2012-13.
[4] SAIL, ANNUAL REPORT, 2013-14.
[5] TATA STEEL, 107TH ANNUAL REPORT 2013-2014

Abstract: The objective of the study is to measure the relationship between trading volume and returns; and change in trading volume and returns of stocks in India. ADF Unit Root Test, PP Unit Root Test and GARCH Model have been applied on the data to determine the relationship between aforesaid variables. For this purpose, weekly data of National Stock Exchange Nifty has been collected and analyzed from time period January 2002 to March 2014. The results indicate a significant positive relationship between trading volume and returns. The study also found positive relationship between change in trading volume and returns. The study is having great importance to making policy regarding investment as trading volume reflects information about market expectations, and relationship between volume and price can have important implications for trading, speculation and hedging activities.
Keywords: ARCH, ADF, GARCH, Trading Volume

[1] Floros, C. and Vougas, D. V., Trading volume and returns relationship in Greek stock index futures market: GARCH vs. GMM, International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 12, 2007, 98-115.
[2] Muradoglu et al., The Dynamic Relationship between Stock Volatility and Trading Volume, Asian Economic and Financial Review, 2(8), 1999, 1085-1097.
[3] Pathirawasam, The Relationship between Trading Volume and Stock return, Journal of Competitiveness, 3, 2008.
[4] Tripathy, N., Seasoned Equity offerings: Stock Market Liquidity duration of the completion style, Managerial Finance, 37(4), 2011.
[5] Rehman et al., The empirical relationship between risk-return and trading volume in Karachi stock exchange, Journal of Risk and Diversification, 4, 2012, 36-43.

Abstract: Travelling for the pleasure of it refers to Tourism. Tourism, in any of its forms, be it modern, active or international, is encouraged by the ever-progressing globalisation. With the world taking an upgrading pace, tourism is marking its importance in building the global economy largely. Potgieter et al. (2010), suggests the tourism industry is taking a toll in constructing a highly competitive and dynamic scenario on a global level adding to its nature are the complex features influencing its existence. Ceballos - Lascuráin (1996) mentioned during the middle age era, people generally travelled for the sake of religious purpose and crossed a whole continent in the verge of visiting holy shrines. The ever-increasing developments in terms of telecommunication and transportation, tourism is extravagantly contributing to the international economic status (Ceballos - Lascuráin 1996), and new middle class society who now could afford to travel for pleasure, had triggered the well-known tourism development. Butler and Pears (1995) referred with the emergence of recent technicalities, tourism has widely grown to become a modern phenomenon and can be considered as the sector most influenced by the advancement as compared to other sectors.

[1]. Aabo D, Sustainable tourism realities: A case for adventure service tourism. M.Sc. dissertation, School for International Training in Brattleboro, Vermont, USA, 2006.
[2]. Andereck KL, Valentine KM, Knopf RC, Vogt CA, Residents‟ perceptions of community tourism impacts. Annals of tourism research 32: 2005, 1056-1076.
[3]. Bista, R., Tourism Policy, Possibilities and Destination Service Quality Management in Nepal. Greece: The University of Macedonia 2006..
[4]. Butler, "Tourism - An Evolutionary Perspective‟ in Nelson, Butler and Wall (eds) Tourism and Sustainable Development, Monitoring, Planning and Managing. Waterloo: Dept. of Geography Publications, pp.27-58, 1993.
[5]. Butler, Richard W. and Douglas Pears, Change in Tourism - People, places, processes. London: Routledge, 1995.

Abstract: Corporate governance is a buzz word in business organization. Corporate governance issues are especially important in the developing countries ,since these countries do not have strong established financial institution infrastructure to deal with corporate governance. This paper explains the corporate governance practices of developing like Russia and India and need and importance of the best practices to be followed.
Keywords: Board of director,Corporate Governance, Regulatory framework , Women directors.

[1] World bank, "Corporate governance framework for implementation" .overview(1999).www worldbank.org.(last accessed on March 9.2015).
[2] Corporate governance in emerging market vol 1 ICFA University
[3] National doundation for corporate governance in India.www.nfcgindia.org.in (last accessed on March 9,2015)
[4] Business.gov.in. corporate governance in India
[5] Black, Bernard, 2001. "Does Corporate Governance Matter? A Crude Test Using Russian Data,"University of Pennsylvania Law Review 149(6) 2131-2150 (June)

Abstract: Over the past few years the rural markets have emerged as one of the most lucrative markets for the Indian markets. In today's challenging environment the management of rural markets is an important task. In this research paper we will study about the most important functional area of management i.e. marketing management giving special focus on rural marketing. Operating in a rural area is not an easy task and requires serious efforts. Rural India, with a population of 740 million spread over 640,000 villages, offers as much potential for goods and services as the urban markets. Rural consumers are distinctly different from the urban consumers. Therefore it is essential to understand the distinctive needs of the rural customers and act accordingly. Rural people are becoming more aware and are changing with time. Hence, all efforts should be directed towards the correct formulation and implementation of marketing strategies to provide maximum value to the rural consumers. So after reading this research paper, we will be able to1). Know the need for marketing approach in rural markets. 2). Recognize the importance of rural marketing. 3). Know the components of rural marketing mix and challenges to be faced in rural marketing.
Keywords: Rural, Marketing, Marketing mix, Marketing strategies, value to customers.

[1] Dogras. Balram (1990 ) first edition, "Marketing management" and rural marketing , commonwealth publishers.
[2] Krishnamacharayallu C.S.G. and Ramakrishnan Lalitha, "Rural marketing – text and cases"
[3] "Indian journal of marketing" pp (79-83) , (vol.41, sep 2011)
[4] "Marketing mastermind", pp(20-23), (nov.2010)
[5] "Marketing mastermind", pp(18-22), (april 2010)

Abstract: E-governance may be defined as application of information technology to transform the efficiency, effectiveness, transparency and accountability of informational and transactional exchanges within the various levels of the government, and to empower citizens through access and use of information, in digital form. E-governance is crucial for public transparency, accountability, efficiency, and maintaining streamlined processes. In order to transform the entire eco-system of public services through the use of information technology, the Government of India has unveiled an ambitious digital India program with the vision to transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy. E-governance pulls together many schemes like Aadhaar Enabled Biometric Attendance System (BAS), jeevan pramaan, National Digital Literacy Mission (NDLM), e-book platform, e-bhasha, digital locker and many more upcoming services. Main challenge in front of government body is transforming these schemes and implementing them in a synchronized manner. The present study has made an attempt to discuss some of the services provided under e- governance project by Government of India making it an exploratory study. Further, survey has been conducted to check the awareness about e-governance among citizen of country. Various respondents from different background were invited to take part in the survey. Analysis of data has been presented in the forms of charts as well. Results of the study revealed that majority of respondents are not aware about e-governance. There is a need to develop strong infrastructure for ICT (Information and Communication Technology) to promote e-governance in country.
Keywords: E-governance, Digital India,

[1] Dawes, S. S. (2008). The Evolution and Continuing Challenges of E-Governance, Public Administration Review, S86-S102.
[2] Haque, M. S. (2002). E-governance in India: its impacts on relations among citizens, politicians and public servants, International Review of Administrative Sciences, 68(2), 231-250.
[3] Navarra, D. D. & Cornford, T. (2009). Globalization, networks, and governance: Researching global ICT program, Government Information Quarterly 26, 35-41.
[4] Potnis, D. D. (2010). Measuring e-Governance as an innovation in the public sector, Government Information Quarterly 27, 41-48.
[5] Sharifi, M. & Manian, A. (2010). The study of the success indicators for pre-implementation activities of Iran's E-Government development projects, Government Information Quarterly 27, 63-69.

Abstract: Banks by their very nature of their business attracts several types of risks. Due to basic business of lending & borrowing, banks have credit risk. Similarly due to treasury & investment operations, market risk is inevitable and Operational Risk as a result of failure of operating system in the bank due to certain reasons like fraudulent activities, natural disaster, human error, omission or sabotage etc. Capital is essential and critical to the eternal continuity of a bank as a going concern. Capital Adequacy indicates whether the bank has enough capital to absorb unexpected losses. It is required to maintain depositors' confidence and preventing the bank from going bankrupt. One of the important banking regulations is Capital to Risk Weighted Assets Ratio (CRAR) which helps to take care of banking risks. After a brief discussion on Basel Committee, Basel norms and conceptualization, relevant literature has been reviewed and the need for the analysis and its objectives has been explained. Next, an empirical examination of CRAR values for selected Indian banks is carried out and the paper assesses that if there is a significant difference in CRAR of public and private sector banks and the public and private bank group and closes with an overall summarising discussion.
Keywords: Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS), Basel I, Basel II, Basel III, Capital to Risk Weighted Assets Ratio, Credit Risk, Market Risk, Operational Risk, Tier I capital, Tier II capital, Risk weighted assets.

[1] S.Bakshi, Basel Norms- challenges In India, The Charted Accountant, 2004, 426-432.
[2] M. A. Pasha, & T.S. Swamy, Basel II norms with special emphasis on capital adequacy ratio of Indian Banks, A Journal of M P Birla Institute of Management, 2012, 6(1), 23-40.
[3] RBI proposes stricter norms for banks, Business Standard, April, 2012.
[4] N. Nathwani, The Study of Financial Performance of Banking Sector of India, Doctoral Dissertation, Saurashtra University, 2004.
[5] M. Sangmi, N. Tabassum, Analyzing Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in India: Application of CAMEL Model, Pakistan Journal Commercial Social Sciences, 2010, 4(1), 40-55.

Abstract: E-marketing Environment play a vital role for the development of economy. The online consumer marketplace is growing at an exponential rate. At the same time, technology has enhanced the capacity of online companies to collect, store, transfer and analyze the vast amount of data has raised public awareness and consumer concerns about online privacy. To ensure consumer confidence in this new marketplace and its continued growth, consumer concerns about Spamming must be addressed. In the study the terms E-Marketing, Internet marketing and online marketing is used interchangeably and synonymously. This paper found that Commercial spam, Email marketing threat; Violate Privacy and Regulating Spam are the four dominant factors which influence consumer perceptions of Spamming in E-marketing. SEM has been used to confirm the factors results. Unsafe despite safety precautions and E-brochures creates excitement play more dominating role for Spamming.

[1] Andrews, A. (2004b), "Internet newsletters", Kybernetes, Vol. 33 No. 1, pp. 22-5.
[2] Barnes SJ, Scornavacca E (2004). "Mobile marketing: the role of permission and acceptance." International Journal Mobile Communication, Vol. 2 (2), pp. 128-139.
[3] Bette Ann stead and Jackie Gilbert (2001), "Ethical issues in Electronic Commerce" Journal of business Ethics, Vol.25 (1), pp 167-186.
[4] Bradley, P. (2003), "The great spam experiment", Library & Information Update, Vol. 1 No. 9, pp. 50-101.
[5] Buckner K. and Gillham M. (2000), "Using e-mail for social and domestic purposes: processes, practices and attitudes", In Sloane, A. and van Rijn, F. (Eds.), Home Informatics and Telematics: information, Technology and Society IFIP WG 9.3 International Conference on Home Oriented Informatics and Telematics (HOIT2000), "IT at Home: Virtual influences on Everyday Life" June 28-30, 2000, Wolverhampton, UK, pp. 87-98.

Abstract: In this paper an attempt has been made to highlight the impact of the increasing trend of online shopping over the various fixed shop retailers. Retailers comprise of a large section of the population and a larger population is dependent upon these retailers. But the advent of e-stores with their attractive incentives and wide varieties has slapped on their face the fear of uncertainty and helplessness. This study looks into the various aspects about how retail businesses are being affected and also the various recovery mechanisms they are coming up with to counter those e-stores in their race of survival. This paper also unravels the effect upon the profitability of the various concerns due to increasing trend for online shopping. Although the periodicity of the study is less yet an effective attempt has been made to enlighten the scenario along with concrete suggestions.
Keywords: E-stores, fixed retailers, turnover, profit-margin, window-shopping.

[1] Kothari, C. R., Research Methodology Methods and Techniques, 2nd Revised Edition, New Age International (P) Ltd. Publishers, 2010.
[2] Tripathi, P. C., Research Methodology in Social Sciences, 6th Revised and Enlarged Edition, Sultan Chand & Sons, 2007.
[3] ChetanBhagat, Retail Management, OXFORD.
[4] Berman& Evans, Retail Management, Pearson Education.
[5] Bellman, S., G. L. Lohse, and E. J. Johnson, "Predictors of Online Buying Behavior", Communications of the ACM (Association for Computing Machinery), Vol. 42, No, 12: 32-38, 1999.