IOSR-JBM   Volume-12 ~ Issue-1 ~ Jul-Aug-2013

Abstract: Organizational dynamic capability and entrepreneurship strategy are two aspects that have contribution in affecting organizational performances particularly by means of knowledge management and strategic leadership. There is a need to identify this presumption, thus current research in this paper were employed in the General Public Hospitals in Makassar in the Provinces of South Sulawesi (Indonesia). Previous research has uncovered important factors of organizational performance such as knowledge management, strategic leadership, dynamic capability, entrepreneurship strategy. Nonetheless they require further conceptual depth and empirical assessment as it remains unclear how these factors holistically affects critical performances in organizational performances. In this paper, we developed the structural model including the introduction of knowledge management and strategic leadership and the more established relationship between dynamic capability and strategic entrepreneurship with organizational performances as a means to understand their interrelatedness and feasibility on improving the body of knowledge in current literature.

Keywords - Knowledge Management, Strategic Leadership, Dynamic Capability, Entrepreneurship Strategy, Organizational Performance

[1]. Porter, Michael E. (1994). Competitive Advantage. Tim Penerjemah Binarupa Aksara. Keunggulan Bersaing. Jakarta: Binarupa Aksara. [2]. The Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia (1992). Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor : 23 Tahun 1992 Tentang Kesehatan. Indonesia. [3]. Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 23 Tahun 2005 tentang Pengelolaan Keuangan Badan Layanan Umum. Indonesia.
[4]. Taylor, Bernard (1997). The Return of Strategic Planning - Once More with Feeling. Long Range Planning, Vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 334 to 344.
[5]. Jauch, Lawrence R. & William F. Glueck (2004). Strategic Management and Business Policy. 9th Edition. McGraw-Hill Inc.
[6]. Shapiro, Janet, (2009). Strategic Planning Toolkit. http://www.google.com, Download Mei 2009. [7]. Hitt MA, Ireland RD, Camp MS and Sexton DL (2002). Strategic Entrepreneurship: Creating a New Mindset. Blackwell Publishing.

Abstract: This paper explores how private commercial banks practices Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in Bangladesh in conserved the case of Southeast Bank Ltd.. In keeping with global movement, CSR is being seen as the source of new competition edge for the banking sectors of Bangladesh. Banks' of Bangladesh practices CSR to not only improve community relations but also as source of significant commercial benefit. Southeast Bank Ltd. practices CSR under the rules and regulation of Bangladesh Bank. The study based on annual report of 2012 of Southeast Bank Ltd. This study shows that Southeast Bank expenses BDT36.85 million in the year 2012 in the area of education, health, community development, environmental issue, art and culture, sports etc.. Nevertheless, bank expenses highest amount in education sector through scholarship program in Bangladesh whereby school, college and university education tuition and expenses have fully paid for unconditionally. The study can help banking manger's understand what should be done for the benefits of customers and the community for sustainability.

Keywords - Corporate Social Responsibility, Commercial Bank, Donation

[1]. Imam S, "Corporate Social Performance reporting in Bangladesh", Managerial Auditing Journal vol. 15, 2000 Pp. 133-141
[2]. Masud A. K.,"CSR practices of private commercial banks' in Bangladesh: A comparative study" MPRA paper no. 35496 online at http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/35496, 2011
[3]. Yeung S, "The Role of Banks in Corporate Social Responsibility" Journal of Applied Economics and Business Research,( JAEBR) Vol.1 No. 2, 2011, Pp. 13-115
[4]. Turker D., "Measuring Corporate Social Responsibility: A Scale Development Study" Journal of Business Ethic, 2009, Pp. 411-427
[5]. Vives A., "Social and Environmental Responsibility in Small and Medium Enterprises in Lating America" The Journal of Corporate Citizen,2006, Pp. 39-50
[6]. European Commission, "Promoting a European Framework for corporate Social Reposnibility Green Paper European Commission Directoriate- General for Employment and Social Affairs" Luxembourg. 2001 http://ec.europaeu/education/lifelong-learning-policy/doc/mobility/com329-en.pdf (visited 15 May, 2013)
[7]. Azim M., Ahmed E. and Netto D. B., "Corporate Social Disclosure in Bangladesh: A study of the Financial Sector" International Review of Business Research Papers, Vol.7 No. 2 March 2011 Pp.37-55.
[8]. Azim M. I., Ahmed S. and Islam M. S.,"Corporate Social Reporting Practice: Evidence from Listed Companies in Bangladesh", Journal of Asia Pacific Business, Vol. 10 No. 02, 2009, 130-145
[9]. Dusuki A. W. and Dar H., "Stakeholders' Perception of Corporate Social Responsibility of Islamic Bank: Evidence from Malaysia Economy" Proceeding the sixth international conference on Islamic Economics, Jakarta Indonesia on 21-24n November 2005
[10]. Alam S. M. S. , Hoque S. M. S. and Hosen M. Z., "Corporate Social Responsibility of Multinational Corporation in Bangladesh: A case study on Grammen Phone" Journal of Pathuakhali Science and Technology University Vol. 02 No. 01 June 2010, Pp. 51-61

Abstract: This study attempts primarily to measure the financial performance of some selected private commercial banks in Bangladesh for the period 2006-2011 and to identify whether any relationship exists between a bank's years of operation and its performance. For this purpose five banks have been selected from different generations. The financial performances of these banks have been scrutinized from the following four dimensions: (1) profitability (2) liquidity (3) credit risk and (4) efficiency. The study concluded that there is no specific relationship between the generation of banks and its performance. The performances of banks are dependent more on the management's ability in formulating strategic plans and the efficient implementation of its strategies. The study findings can be helpful for management of private commercial banks in Bangladesh to improve their financial performance and formulate policies that will improve their performance. The study also identified specific areas for each bank to work on which can ensure sustainable growth for these banks.

Keywords: Private commercial banks, performance analysis, financial ratios.

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[2] Ashraf M. and Rehman Z.,The Performance Analysis of Islamic and Conventional Banks: The Pakistan's Perspective, Journal of Money, Investment and Banking 22, 2011,ISSN 1450-288X.

[3] Rehman K. and Saba I, Gauging The Financial Performance of Banking Sector Using CAMEL Model: Comparison of Conventional, Mixed and Pure Islamic Banks in Pakistan, International Research Journal of Finance and Economics 82, 2012, ISSN 1450-2887.

[4] Nimalathasan, A Comparative Study of Financial Performance of Banking Sector in Bangladesh – An Application of CAMEL Rating System, Annals of University of Bucharest, Economic and Administrative Series. Nr. 2, 2008, pp 141-152.

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Abstract: In India international tourist arrival is relatively less as compared to the other part of the world. The purpose of this research is to find out the dimensions of service quality which are responsible for customer satisfaction.

Keywords: Customer satisfaction, Service quality, Travel agents, Travel Agency, Tourists.

[1]. Anderson, Eugene and Mary W. Sullivan (1993), "The Antecedents and Consequences of Customer Satisfaction for Firms," Marketing Science, 12 (No. 2, Spring), 125-43.

[2]. Babakus, E., & Boller, G.W., 1992. An empirical assessment of the SERVQUAL scale. Journal of Business Research, 24, 235-268.

[3]. Babakus, E., & Mangold, D.W.G., 1992. Adapting the SERVQUAL scale to hospital services: and empirical investigating. Health services research, 26(6), 767-786.

[4]. Bitner, M.J., & Hubbert, A.R., 1994. Encounter satisfaction versus overall satisfaction versus quality. In R. Rust & R. Oliver ( Eds. ), service quality : New directions in theory and practice, 72-94. London: Sage Publications, Inc.

[5]. Carman, J., 1990. Consumer perception of service quality : An assessment of the SERVQUAL dimensions. Journal of Retailing, 66, 33-55.

[6]. Caro, L.M., Garcia, J.A.M., 2088. Developing a multidimensional and hierarchical service quality model for the travel agency industry. Tourism Management 29, 706-720.

[7]. Cronin, J. Joseph, Jr. and Steven A. Taylor (1992), "Measuring Service Quality: A Reexamination and Extension," Journal of Marketing, 56 (July), 55-66.

[8]. Dabholkar, P.A., Thorpe, D.I., & Rentz, J.O., 1996. A measure of service quality for retail stores : scale development and validation. Journal of academy of marketing science, 24 (1), 3-16.

Abstract: Customer Loyalty is important for cultivated by the company, therefore the aim of this study to prove how the effect of Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction in enhancing Customer Loyalty. Samples were service users Railway Transport Argo Bromo Anggrek Jakarta Surabaya by using purposive side. Sample size of 300 respondents. Data analysis using Structural Equation Model (SEM). The results showed that Services Quality significantly influence to customer satisfaction. Customer Satisfaction significant effect on Customer Loyalty. Service Quality is not yet significant effect on Customer Loyalty, so that Customer Satisfaction is a mediator of the relationship Service Quality on Customer Loyalty to PT Argo Bromo Anggrek Train Jakarta-Surabaya. The implications that Customer Satisfaction is capable of mediating the quality of care in improving Customer Loyalty.

Keywords: Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty.

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[7] Sunghyup Sean Hyun (2010). Predictorys of Relationship Quality and Loyalty in the Chain Restaurant Industry. Cornell Hospitaliry Quarterly. Ithaca: Vol.51, Edisi 2; pg.251
[8] Carrillat AF, Fernando, J., Jay, P.M.2009. Examining the impact of service quality; a meta analysis of empirical evidende. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice. Armonk:.Vol 17, Edisi2; Pg.95, 16. [9] Ravichandran, (2010), Influence of Service Quality on Banking Customers Behavioural Intentions. International Journal of Economics and Finance Vol 2 No. 4 November.
[10] Pollack B. (2009), Linking the Hierarchical Service Quality Model to Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty. Journal of Service Marketing, 23(1), 42-50.

Abstract: Libya is blessed with many factories but regrettably these factories failed due to lack of skills and experiences. Often Libya due to their uncoordinated, unregulated and fragmented nature delivery systems and policies are the challenges faced by the state. It is difficult to design a training system that ensures demand driven skills provision and involves stakeholders from key relevant sectors and this requires a study to identify problems and prosper solution for sustainable future development. Hence, the report adopted the approach which combines the results of studies being reviewed. I utilized analytical techniques to estimate the strength of a given set of findings across many different studies and sometime compare and draw conclusion. This has allowed the creation of a context from which this report emerged The report data solely rely on the empirical source which classified in primary and secondary source.The reported found out that the number of trainee dropped from 2000 to 2005 by an average of 26 students, in comparison to 1999. However, in 2006 and 2007, the number of trainee showed increased (by an average of 25 students). Due to this increased in trainee, oil production also increased at the beginning of the new millennium. This Indicate that training increase productivity and productivity growth can raise incomes and reduce poverty in a virtuous circle. Productivity growth reduces production costs and increases returns on investments, some of which turn into income for business owners and investors and some of which are turned into higher wages and national growth.

Keywords - Libya, Ministry of industry, Training and development, productivity, economic growth

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[3] Hackman, Michael Z.; Craig E. Johnson (2009). Leadership: A Communication Perspective (Fifth ed.). Long Grove, Illinois: Waveland Press, Inc. ISBN 978-1-57766-579-3.

[4] Hoppers, V. (2008) (ed.) Post-primary education in Africa: Challenges and approaches for expanding learning opportunities (ADEA 2011 Triennale documentation). 9 March 2011.

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Abstract: This study is an empirical investigation of the impact of ethical values on the practice of accounting profession in Nigeria. To achieve the purpose of this study, research questions were raised, hypotheses were formulated, and a review of related literature was made. The main objective of this study is to examine if accounting ethics have much impact on the practice of accounting profession in Nigeria, the factors that make the accountants breach accounting rules and if ethical codes of conduct address all the issues that border on ethical practices. The study employed a synthesis of descriptive and survey research methods. The major instrument used for generating the primary data was the questionnaire, which was designed in five-response option of likert-scale. Two hundred and fifty (250) questionnaires were administered, two hundred and nineteen (219) questionnaires were completed and returned. The data generated for this study were analysed through mean scores while the stated hypotheses were statistically tested with z-test. Our findings revealed that there are other major influence which accountants believe have impact on their professional conducts like policies and rules of companies where accountants work, religion were found not to have major influence in the professional conduct of accountants. The legal system and societal value systems also inter-played in the accountants' professional conduct. It was recommended among others that the accountant in practice needs to pay attention to good ethical conduct and there is the need to adhere strictly to the ethical code of conduct.

Keywords: accounting profession, accounting ethics, ethical codes of conduct, Nigeria.

[1]. Adeyemi, S. B., & Fagbemi, T.O. (2011). The perception of ethics in auditing profession in Nigeria. Journal of Accounting and Taxation. 5(7), 146-157.
[2]. Ajibolade, S. O. (2008). A survey of the perception of ethical behaviour of future Nigerian accounting professionals. The Nigerian Accountant. 43(3), 54-59.
[3]. Akadakpo, B.A., & Izedonmi, O.I.F. (2013). Ethical Practices of the Professional Accountant in Nigeria. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting. 4(7), 59-66.
[4]. Bakre, O. M. (2007). The unethical practices of accountants and auditors and the compromising stance of professional bodies in the corporate world: evidence from Nigeria. Accounting Forum, 31, 277-303.
[5]. Brinkmann, J. (2002). Marketing ethics as professional ethics: concepts, approaches and typologies. Journal of Business Ethics, 41(1/2), 159-177.
[6]. Doolan, A. L. (2009). Ethical issues in accounting: A teaching guide. 2009 ABR & TLC Conference Proceedings, Oahu, Hawaii, USA.
[7]. Fisher, C., & Lovell, A., (2009). Business Ethics and values: Individual, Corporate and International Perspectives, (3rd ed.). Edinburgh Gate, England: Pearson Education Ltd.
[8]. Gomez, R. (1999). A Primer on Business Ethics: What's Right and Wrong in Business?, (2nd ed.). Manilla, Sinagtala Publishers.
[9]. Gowthorpe, C., & Amat, O. (2005). Creative accounting: some ethical issues of macro- and micro-manipulation. Business Ethics 57, 55-64.

Abstract: An obvious fallout from today's global world is the increased domination of marketing space and practice by promotions. This has resulted in greater use and application of promotional campaigns by organizations and individuals in affecting and influencing their targets. Prominent among these promotional tools in the recent past are posters, banners, bannerettes, fliers, handbills etc which are displayed in every nook and cranny of our immediate environment. But beyond the core aim of advancing promotional causes for either products or individual goals, these promotional materials turn out as community spoilers and pollutants as most of them are recklessly displayed and littered on the environments. This study evaluated the environmental implications of all promotional campaigns via banners, posters, fliers, handbills etc. Findings from it show serious environmental abuse, disorder, indecency and irresponsibility with their obvious environmental and health implications on the people. For this reason, we recommended greater usage of the digital signage promotional mode, effective monitoring of promotional campaign displays by relevant agencies as well as the enforcement of the "polluter-pays principle" and the payment of pollution tax by corporations, among others as remedies.

Keywords: Promotional Campaigns, Posters, Banners, Environmental Abuse.

[1]. Adinna, E. N. (2003) "Environmental Pollution in Urban and Rural Area: Sources and Ethical Implications" In E. N. Adinna, O. B. Ekop & V. I. Attah (eds) Environmental Pollution and Management in the Tropics, Enugu: SNAAP Press Ltd.
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[3]. Agbonifoh, B. A. and Yomere, G. O. (1999). Research Methodology in the social sciences and Education, Bennin-city: Uniben Press.
[4]. Ahmed, Y. A. (2008) "Waste Management in Ilorin Metropolis: Lessons For Nigerian Cities" in Journal of the Environment Vol. 3 No 4, A Publication of the School of Environmental Sciences, Federal university of Technology, Yola, July.
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[10]. Nwabueze, C. D. (2007) "Environmental Marketing: An Imperative to Environmental Protection and Education" In I. E. Nwosu & O. E. Soola (eds), Communication in Global, ICTS and Ecosystem Perspectives – Insights From Nigeria, Enugu: Precision Publishers Ltd.

Abstract: The objective of any organization or firm is to achieve higher productivity. The concept of Human Resources within organizations is very vital in the management and survival of any organization; this is because their performance is influenced by a set of human resource practices. The main focus of this study is to determine if human resources management practices (Human resources (HR) Planning, training and development) affect productivity and performance of Transport Organizations. The human resource management practices or HRM practices have to be addressed in this position, in order to examine productivity and performance of the organization. In analyzing the data, both descriptive and inferential statistics were used. A total of 75 questionnaires was distributed out of which 60 was returned. Result of analysis showed that training and development enhances productivity of transport organizations and also adequate human resources planning promotes employee productivity and organizational performance. It is therefore recommended that all level of employees receive adequate training and proper human resource planning should be in place to promote productivity and performance of the Transport industry in Nigeria.

Keywords: Human Resource Management Practice, Human Resource planning, Productivity, Performance, Training and Development.

[1]. Abang A. M., May-Chiun L. & Maw K. L. (2009). Human Resource Practices and Organizational Performance. Incentives as Moderator. Journal of Academic Research in Economics, 1(2).
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Abstract: This Thesis focuses on the impact of reforms on port performance using Onne and Rivers ports as a reference point. It analyses the pre and post reform eras of the ports in terms of their performance. The reforms took effect from 1996 after the Federal Government of Nigeria concessioned the ports to private investors. Parameters such as Cargo throughput, Ship turn round time, Berth Occupancy l were used as variables for the assessment. Secondary Data were collected from the Nigerian Ports Authourity and Integrated Logistic Services Nigeria (Intels) for the period 2001 to 2010 and analyzed using a two sample t-test toevaluate the difference between sample means of the cargo throughput before the introduction of the reforem and after.The findings show that the reforms resulted in significant improvements in cargo throughputs as compared to the pre-reform era. The t-test shows that average Port throughput has increased significantly since the reform(concessioning) came into effect.. There is an increase in Ship traffic calling at the ports, resulting in increased cargo throughput and berth occupancy rate at ports of Onne.This study concludes that the ports of Onne is performing better under the reform programme of the Federal Government of Nigeria. It finally recommends the introductionof an Integrated Intermodal Transport system for an effective and swift transfer of cargoes to and from the hinterland. Also, there is an urgent need for a regulator to appraise the performance of the reform programme from time to time as provided by the agreement, and for the full adoption and utilization of management information system (MIS) to aid performance efficiency.

Keywords: cargo throughput, Seaport , Reform, performance. Berth Occupancy

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Abstract: The main objective of our study is to determine the relationship of FDI with exchange rate volatility exchange rate and inflation. There are large numbers of FDI determinants but exchange rate is one of reflective determinant. Exchange rate extremely volatile due to its frailty to adopt the changes in international and domestic investment. In our study, we use time series data for FDI, exchange rate volatility, exchange rate, government consumption and domestic credit from 1980 to 2011 for Pakistan. Different time series econometrics techniques (volatility analysis, normality test, PP, unit root test) have been used for analysis. Results demonstrate that exchange rate volatility and inflation deter FDI while exchange rate has positive relationship with it.

Keywords: FDI, exchange rate, exchange rate volatility

[1]. Chaudhary, G., Shah, S., & Bagram, M. (2012). Do Exchange Rate Volatility Effects Foreign Direct Investment? Evidence from Selected Asian Economies. Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research, 2090, 4304. Retrieved from http://www.textroad.com/pdf/JBASR/J.%20Basic.%20Appl.%20Sci.%20Res.,%202(4)3670-3681,%202012.pdf
[2]. Chowdhury, A. R. (2001). The impact of financial reform on private savings in Bangladesh. WIDER Discussion Papers//World Institute for Development Economics (UNU-WIDER). Retrieved from http://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/53123
[3]. Del Bo, C. (2009). Foreign direct investment, exchange rate volatility and political risk. In ETSG annual conference. Retrieved from http://etsg.org/ETSG2009/papers/delbo.pdf
[4]. Dhakal, D., Nag, R., Pradhan, G., & Upadhyaya, K. P. (2010). Exchange Rate Volatility And Foreign Direct Investment: Evidence From East Asian Countries. International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER), 9(7). Retrieved from http://www.journals.cluteonline.com/index.php/IBER/article/view/603
[5]. Ellahi, N. (2011). Exchange rate volatility and foreign direct investment (FDI) behavior in Pakistan: A time series analysis with auto regressive distributed lag (ARDL) application. African Journal of Business Management, 5(29), 11656–11661.
[6]. Kiat, J. (2010). The Effect of Exchange rate and inflation on Foreign Direct Investment and its relationship with economic growth in South Africa. University of Pretoria.
[7]. Lemi, A., & Asefa, S. (2001). Foreign Direct Investment and Uncertainty: Implications for Ethiopia. Retrieved from http://scholarworks.wmich.edu/africancenter_icad_archive/20/

Abstract: Reading is primarily an intellectual activity of learning new things, developing new ideas and it provides a sense of completeness. Newspaper is a wonder of modern science it carries news and views of home and abroad to us. Newspaper reading is a habituated reading which influences readers to discover and enter the store house of knowledge in daily basis. The aim of present study is to investigate the level of newspaper reading habits of students. The target population of the study consist 1st year to postgraduate students of science commerce and arts faculties of World University of Bangladesh. On the basis of questionnaire survey the study made some possible recommendation to improve the newspaper reading habits of the respondents.

Key words: Habit, Newspaper, Reading, Students, University.

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Abstract: Websites are a window for the world for looking in most of the Information and a gateway for many activities. Websites are not only a necessity but also mandatory for B-Schools. A B-School Website serves as portal to all stakeholders in addition to being an information placeholder. The Websites serves from being an administrative tool to a Learning Management system. The utility and the effectiveness of website depend on the quality of the service it provides to the surfer. A study was undertaken to survey the various features of a B-School Website that could serve as a Quality Function Deployment (QFD) touchstones. In addition, the influence of perceived quality on the user satisfaction was also studied. A focus group of B-School Students evaluated the Websites and scored a checklist cum questionnaire. The results highlight the most frequently found features and the least found features of a B-School Website. The factors that are important for creating a quality website are also found. This study will help the B-school administrators and the Website designers to create a quality and satisfying Websites.

Keywords: B-School, Website features, WebQual

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