IOSR-JBM   Volume-1 ~ Issue-1 ~ May-Jun-2012

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Change Management through Productive Social Networking
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Prof. Yogesh Brahmankar
	:	10.9790/487X-0110105

Abstract: The study identifies the forces of changes in today‟s turbulent industrial scenario dominated by technology and diverse workforce. It explores the concept of change management with the insights on "Productive Social Networking" within the organizations. The study proposes the model of agile organisation based on constructive social networking and e-learning. Also, "Sustainability requirements‟ is identified as the major driving force for strategic agility in response to changes. The model explains the role of productive social networking in fostering creativity and innovation among employees and employee groups. It also focuses on the requirement of agility in human resources or talent to have creative solutions in the direction of sustainable development. The study proposes concept of agile change management with appropriate use of technology.
KeyWords: productive social networking, agile human resources, agile change management,

[1] Malcolm Gladwell, "The Tipping Point- How little things can make big difference", Brown 2000.
[2] Richard Daft , "Organisational Theory, Change and Design", Cenage Learning,2009.
[3] Udai Pareek, "Understanding Organisational Behaviour", Oxford University Press,2008.
[4] Stephen Robbins, Timothy Judge , " Organisational Behaviour", Prentice Hall India, 2007.
[5] John W.Newstrom, "Organisational Behaviour, Human Behaviour at work" Tata McGraw Hill, 2007.
[6] "Our common Future, A report of the world Commission on environment and development," A/42/427, August, 1987-.Chaired by Burtland.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	E-crimes: An Application of Neutralization Theory
Country	:
Authors	:	Dr.Niveen Ezzat Aly
	:	10.9790/487X-0110621

Abstract: Studies have argued that misbehavior of consumers is becoming increasingly prevalent in certain sectors. However, online consumer misbehavior is comparatively under-researched. The focus of the current study is peer-to-peer activities, including copying music, movies, software or video games: a phenomenon which affects the entertainment sector as a whole and costs the industry billions of pounds each year. Neutralization theory provides a potentially fruitful perspective from which to explore consumer justifications and rationalizations for their online misbehavior. The aim of this paper is to explore the extent to which peer-to-peer users employ techniques of neutralization to justify prior-to behavior or rationalize their activities post behavior. First, a review of online customer misbehavior is provided, followed by an overview of existing research into the techniques of neutralization. Following a discussion of the research methods employed, findings regarding the peer-to-peer online misbehaviors and neutralization techniques are presented. Data analysis reveals that peer-to-peer file-sharers employ (often multiple) techniques of neutralization in order to pre-justify or post-event rationalize their activities, including: denial of victim; denial of injury; denial of responsibility; claim of normality; claim of relative acceptability; justification by comparison; and appeal to higher loyalties. The paper concludes with a series of implications for both theory and practice.
Keywords-neutralization theory, consumer misbehavior, e-crimes, digital piracy, neutralization theory techniques, dysfunctional consumer behavior, peer-to-peer interaction.

[1] Al-Rafee, S. and Cronan, T.P. (2006) ‗Digital Piracy: Factors that Influence Attitude toward Behavior', Journal of Business Ethics 63(3): 237–59. Downloaded from mtq.sagepub.com at Cairo University on January 10, 2012 marketing theory 9(4)articles 398
[2] Albers-Miller, N.D. (1999) ‗Consumer Misbehavior: Why People Buy Illicit Goods', Journal of Consumer Marketing 16(3): 273–85.
[3] Alvarez, A. (1997) ‗Adjusting to Genocide: The Techniques of Neutralization and the Holocaust', Social Science History 21(2): 139–78.
[4] Atmeh, M. and Al-Khadash, H. (2008) ‗Factors Affecting Cheating Behavior among Accounting Students (Using the Theory of Planned Behavior)', Journal of Accounting, Business & Management 15: 109–25.
[5] Azeez, W. (2002) ‗Music Downloads Used as Trial ahead of CD Purchase', New Media Age, 7 November, p. 14.
[6] Bhal, K.T. and Leekha, N.D. (2008) ‗Exploring Cognitive Moral Logics Using Grounded Theory: The Case of Software Piracy', Journal of Business Ethics 81(3): 635–46.
[7] Bhattacharjee, S., Gopal, R.D. and Sanders, G.L. (2003) ‗Digital Music and Online Sharing: Software Piracy 2.0?', Communication of the ACM 46(7): 107–11.
[8] Blackburn, D. (2004) ‗On-line piracy and recorded music sales', Harvard Business School, working paper, 1–60.
[9] Brennan, W.C. (1974) ‗Abortion and the Techniques of Neutralization', Journal of Health and Social Behavior 15(4): 538–65.
[10] Bryman, A. (2004) Social Science Research Methods. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Product innovation and its influence on consumer purchasing pattern – a study on packaged dairy products in Bettiah (west Champaran, Bihar)
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Dr. D. ASHOK, ABHAY PRAKASH SRIWASTWA
	:	10.9790/487X-0112228

Abstract : This article throws light on the usage pattern and the reasons behind low sensitivity of packaged dairy products. This paragraph obtains information concerning consumers' preferences and knowledge of processing organic/dairy products. It also identifies those consumers who are most likely to get processed organic/dairy products. The objectives of this study were to examine the usage pattern, user preferences, and scopes for products change, with respect to the packaged (and branded) dairy products in the town; Bettiah, West Champaran, Bihar. The researcher has used a descriptive research study using a structured questionnaire for collecting the necessary details for research analysis. Descriptive frequencies analysis used to determine the user or household characteristics that affect the purchase order related to packaged dairy products. The study also showed that, the family size and families with higher earnings were more concerned with quality of packaged dairy product. Further, this study also revealed that, majority of the population living in rural areas still uses the unprocessed, unbranded local dairy products only, which are neither healthy nor enriched with nutrients.
Key words: Packaged Dairy Product, Innovation, and Purchasing Pattern.

[1] Hannah Jane McKnight, (2007) Organic Milk: Consumers and their purchasing patterns: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.
[2] Frank H. Fuller, John C. Beghin, and Scott Rozelle, (Nov. 2004) Urban Demand for Dairy Products in China: Evidence from New Survey Data, Working Paper 04-WP 380, Center for Agricultural and Rural Development Iowa State University (www.card.iastate.edu).
[3] John C. Beghin, Dairy Markets in Asia: (Sep. 2005) An overview of recent findings and Implications, briefing Paper 05-BP 47, Center for agriculture and rural development, Iowa State University.
[4] B. K. Roy, K. S. Haque, M. R. Islam, M. Hasanuzzaman & M. M. Rahman, (2002), Consumption Pattern of Milk and Milk Products among different income levels in some selected areas of Bangladesh, Pakistal Journal of Nutrition 1 (6): 282 – 287.
[5] Hayley H. Chouinard, David E. Davis, Jeffrey T. laFrance & Jeffrey M. Perloff, (2005), Milk Marketing Order Winners and Losers, School of Economic Sciences, Washington State University.
[6] Suku Bhaskaran, )1996), Culture‟s Consequences: Dairy Market Opportunities in India, Marketing Bulletin, 7, 39 – 50.
[7] Zakowska – Biemans S, (2008), Consumers Values and Motives regarding organic food products in Poland, 16th IFOAM organic world congress, Modena, Italy, June 16-20.
[8] Food and Beverages Survey, (2006) FICCI.
[9] Processed Food and Agribusiness: Opportunities for investment in India, (2007), A knowledge paper, FICCI and KPMG.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Sector holdings in mutual fund performance: an analysis
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Ghose, Soheli.
	:	10.9790/487X-0112939

Abstract: Mutual Funds in India are fast gaining ground as the latest investment option for both Institutional and retail Investors. In the last few years, we witnessed a global economic meltdown, which affected the worldwide financial markets in varying degrees. The so called Recovery Phase of the economic recession is being slowed down due to the deepening debt crisis in the developed countries, political corruption which has gripped our nation and inflation to name a few. In this context I have studied the effect and role of Sector Holdings on the Performance of Mutual Funds in the fluctuating financial markets analysing 1 public sector (UTI Opportunities) and 2 private sector mutual fund schemes ( HDFC Equity, Tata Equity PE ) between January 2010 and September 2011 covering the turbulent period of this economic crisis.
Key words: Company Holdings, Equity Diversified Schemes, Open Ended Mutual Fund Schemes, Sector Holdings.

[1]. Singh D., Mutual Funds in India (Rajat Publications, New Delhi, 2003).
[2]. Sadhak H., Mutual Funds in India-Marketing Strategies and Investment Practices( Response Books, New Delhi,2003).
[3]. Sadhak H., Mutual Funds in India-Marketing Strategies and Investment Practices( Response Books, New Delhi,2003).
[4]. Singh H., Mutual Funds and the Indian Capital Market-Performance and Profitability( Kanishka Publisher, Distributors, New Delhi, 2001).
[5]. Singh H., Mutual Funds and the Indian Capital Market-Performance and Profitability( Kanishka Publisher, Distributors, New Delhi, 2001).
[6]. Dave S. Mutual Funds in India: Challenges, Opportunities and Strategic Perspectives (UTI Institute of Capital Markets, Mumbai, 1996).
[7]. Sondhi., Financial Performance of Equity Mutual Funds in India (ICFAI University Press, Hyderabad,2004).
[8]. Bansal L., Mutual Funds Management and Working (Deep and Deep Publications, New Delhi, 1997).
[9]. Baid R., IIBF: Mutual Fund Product and Services (Taxman, New Delhi,2007).
[10]. Sen B., Mutual Funds in India: Challenges, opportunities and Strategic Perspectives (UTI Institute of Capital Markets, Mumbai,1996).

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Savings and Investments Attitude of Salaried Class in CUDDALORE District
Country	:	India
Authors	:	L. Pandiyan, Dr. T. Aranganathan
	:	10.9790/487X-0114049

Abstract : The status of attitude of the salaried people on savings / investments is evaluated in this article. From the factor analysis of the opinion data, seven underlying dimensions of savings / investments, viz., "Secured Life", "Avoiding investments in Private parties / Companies", "Lack of guidelines to children about saving", "Tough Task but good for future", "Creation of Awareness about saving habit by Government", "Savings Requires Experience" and "Wrong investment decision by many". From descriptive analysis, it is found that the respondents have high the status of attitude about all aspects except "Tough Task but good for future" are high. Regarding "Tough Task but good for future", the respondents are found with moderate attitude.

1. De Long, J. Bradford and Anderi shleifer, "The Stock Market Bubble of 1929: Evidence from Closed-End Mutual Funds," Journal of Economic History, 51 (3): 375-700, 1991.
2. Krishnamoorthy,c,(2008).‟A Study on investment pattern and tax planning in the Nilgiris District Jan 2008, Unpublished Theses, Bharathiyar University
3. Rober J Shiller, " Measuring Bubble expectations and Investors Confidence," Review of Economics and Statistics, 1989.
4. W.E. Warren, R.E. Stevens and C.W. McConkey, "Using Demographic and Lifestyle analysis to segment Individual Investors", Financial Analysts Journal, March/April 1990.
5. Yoo, Peter S, (1994) "Age Dependent Portfolio Selection". Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 1994.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Role of Allama Iqbal Open University in Human Resource Development
Country	:	Pakistan
Authors	:	Madiha Islam, Nazar Abbas Nazar, Mian Baqar Hussain Qureshi, Nuzhat Kalsoom Shahzadi
	:	10.9790/487X-0115056

ABSTRACT: Doubtless to say, that effective management of human resources is one of the few levers that managers have at their disposal to accomplish their organizational strategic objectives. Hence, HRM is a key factor for the success of distance organization. AIOU has significant role in the training of skilled human resources to mange economy, to facilitate generation specially females, advancement of knowledge in all fields and to minimise unemployment rate. It's approach is best suited to reach the rural and far-flung areas of Pakistan. Purposes of the study were: (i)to identify the challenges of human resource management(ii) (ii) to highlight the role of AIOU in addressing the challenges for national development(iii) to suggest the measures for the development of human resources. A sample of 23 faculty members was taken conveniently. A questionnaire was used as a research tool for the collection of data. Collected data were analyzed through SPSS XIV by running frequencies, mean score. Main findings of the study revealed that AIOU finds positive ways to cope with sustainability challenges as it meets the needs of his clients .AIOU is the best for learning with earning, hence it has made a revolution in Pakistani economy. In Pakistan, AIOU has fulfilled shortage of trained and skilled manpower. In this technological era, AIOU is trying to meeting all requirements of his customers. Through professional training of teachers as well as tutors, AIOU is playing role in national development. Maximum deployment of computers and internet may be ensured in their study centers.
Keywords: Human resource development, National development, Challenges. AIOU

[1] AIOU (2011) Chancellor ‗s Report (2009-10),Islamabad:Allama Iqbal Open University
[2] Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99-120.
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a. AIOU,Islambad.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Dividend Policy: A Comparative Study of UK and Bangladesh Based Companies
Country	:	Bangladesh
Authors	:	MD. ZAHANGIR ALAM, Mohammad Emdad Hossain
	:	10.9790/487X-0115767

Abstract: The paper is about Dividend Policy: A Case of UK based Companies. The objective of the study is to critically examine the dividend policy of UK based companies listed in London Stock Exchange i.e., the theories of organizational dividend policy, arguments for and against of dividend, and determinants of dividend policy. The study also examines the influence of liquidity, leverage, profitability, growth, and ownership structure, and market capitalization on the dividend rate. The study reveals that as per dividend irrelevance theory dividend policy has no influence on value of the firm for the reason of home made dividend ; according to dividend relevance theory, value of the firm is influenced by dividend policy because of certainty, information content and clientele effect; liquidity, availability of worthwhile projects, availability of alternative funds, profitability, growth, leverage, reaction of market to dividend reduction, ownership structure nature of the industry, tax clientele effect are the main determinants of dividend payout ratio. In case of the UK based companies, leverage; profitability; market capitalization influence the dividend rate positively, whereas liquidity and growth have negative impact on dividend payout ratio. Liquidity; leverage; profitability; and market capitalization influence the dividend rate negatively, while growth affect positively in case of a Bangladeshi company.
Keywords: Dividend, Dividend Policy, Dividend Policy Theories, Home Made Dividend.

1. Akhigbe , A. and Madura, J. (1996) 'Dividend policy and corporate performance', Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, 23(9) & (10), pp. 1267 -1287.
2. Alli, K., L., Khan, A., Q., and Ramirez, G., G. (1993) 'Determinants of corporate policy: a factorial analysis', The Financial Review, 28 ( 4), pp. 523 -547.
3. Al-Malkawi, H.-A., N., Rafferty , M., and Pillai , R. (2010) 'Dividend policy: a review of theories and empirical evidence', International Bulletin of Business Administration, 9, pp. 7-18 .
4. Arnold, G. (2008) Corporate financial management. 4th edn. Harlow: Pearson Financial Times.
5. Baker, H., K., Farrelly, G., E. and Edelman, R., B. (1985) 'A survey of management views on dividend policy', Financial Management, 14(4), pp. 78-84.
6. Baker, H. K. and Powell, G., E. (2000) 'Determinants of corporate dividend policy: a survey of NYSE firms', Financial Practice & Education , 10 ( 1), pp. 29-40.
7. Banerjee, S., Gatchev, V., A., and Spindr, P., A. (2007) 'Stock market liquidity and firm dividend policy', Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 42 (2), pp. 367-398 .
8. Benito, A. and Young, G. (2001) 'Hard times and great expectations? Dividend omissions and dividend cuts by UK firms', Working Paper, Bank of England, ISSN 1368 – 5562.
9. Bhattacharya, S., ( 1979) 'Imperfect information, dividend policy, and '' the bird in the hand'' fallacy', Bell Journal of Economics, 10, pp. 259-270.
10. Bishop, S., R., Harvey, R., C., Robert, W., F., and Garry, J., T. (2000) Corporate finance. Sydney: Prentice Hall Inc.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Relation between Climate Change and Economic Development --- A Study in World's Perspective
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Sri Abhijit Pakira
	:	10.9790/487X-01016873

Abstract: In the present article an endeavour has been made by the authors to explore the each and every aspects of climate and its change and also whether it is right or wrong. Related changes in processes of
economic activities which in turn boosted the economic development rather the global commercial scenario. If it is right, the climate change should bring an anomaly in production processes both directly and indirectly in the agricultural sector, other industrial sector agro industrial sector, health sector due to re-orientation of different diseases, and so on. So it would be a global scope for big wings, as they would get the richest chances to handle the third worlds' global market. On the contrary, if it is wrong, yet the global contemporary environmental issues have developed a fear
psychosis, which in turn encourages economic development rather a critical type of consumerism and it may be a market oriented commercial development but not at all a sustainable development which incur the
development for all.

Keywords: Climate Change, Economic Development, Epochs, Economic Growth.

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Climate Change and U.S. Agriculture." Nature 345: 219–224.
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Journal of Policy Modeling, vol. 27, No. 5, pp. 629-645.
[3]. Calzadilla, A., F. Pauli, and R. Roson (2007). Climate change and extreme events: an assessment of economic implications.
International Journal of Ecological Economics and Statistics, vol. 7, No. 7, pp. 5-58.
[4]. Dasgupta, P. 2008. "Discounting Climate Change." Journal of Risk and Uncertainty 37: 141–169.
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Paper, No. 14132 . Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.