IOSR-JBM   Volume-5 ~ Issue-5 ~ Nov-Dec-2012

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Finance Education is imperative for enhancing Financial Capability of Indian citizens
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Dr. Lokanath Mishra
	:	10.9790/487X-0550110

Abstract:Financial Capability is defined as a combination of awareness, knowledge, skill, attitude and behaviour necessary to make sound financial decisions and ultimately achieve individual financial wellbeing. Finance education can develop required awareness and provide relevant financial knowledge. Financial training can render appropriate skills and competence. Social marketing can ensure attitudinal change and behavioural modification. Thus finance education is an important component of the developmental mechanism for enhancing financial capability. Finance education is a must for everyone. However, policy makers will have to address finance education needs of kids, school students, college / university students, youths, retirees / senior citizens, women, defence personnel, parents, teachers and employees separately in order to get the best results. Indian Government and regulatory bodies in the financial sector will have to do their bit to ensure that appropriate finance education is provided to all citizens and their financial capability is enhanced.
Key Words: Finance Education, Financial Literacy, Financial Capability, Financial Responsibility, Financial Wellbeing, Financial Planning.

[1] Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) Investor Education Foundation (2010), Financial capability in the United
States, Military survey – Executive Summary, October 2010
[2] Cox, L.K. (2011), Growing List of Financial Problems Plagues Military Members, Wallet Pop, 24th Feb,2011 (10 AM)
[3] Garman, E.T.(1998), The Business Case for Financial Education, Personal Finances and Worker Productivity, vol.2, No.1, June,
1998.
[4] Garman, E.T., Leech, I.E, Grable, J.E.(1996), the Negative Impact of employee poor personal financial behaviours on
Employers, Financial Counseling and Planning, Vol.7, 1996.
[5] Hira, T. K. & Loibl, C. (2005). Understanding the impact of employer-provided financial education on workplace satisfaction.
Journal of Consumer Affairs, 39(1), 173-194.
[6] Kim, J. (2000). The effects of workplace financial education on personal finances and work outcomes. Doctoral Dissertation,
Blacksburg: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.
[7] Kim, J. (2007). Workplace financial education program: Does it have an impact on employees' personal finances? Journal of
Family and Consumer Science, 99(1), 43-47.
[8] Kratzer, C.Y., Brunson, B. H., Garman, E.T., Kim, J and Joo, S.(1998), Financial Education in the workplace: Result of a
research study, Journal of Compensation and benefits, Vol.14, No.3, pp.24-27
[9] Mishra L (2011), A study of Financial Planning Awareness, Education and Advisory from an Indian perspective with special
reference to the Educated Middle Class, Unpublished PhD Thesis
[10] OECD (2005), Recommendation on Principles and Good Practices for Financial Education and Awareness, Directorate of
Financial and Enterprise Affairs, July 2005

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	An Assessment of the Indian Housing Finance System: Crucial Perspective
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Mr. Ch. Hari Govinda Rao, Dr. N. Apparao
	:	10.9790/487X-0551124

Abstract:House is a centre and domestic device for mankind's moral and substance development ever since the dawn of civilisation. Housing is one of the most important that we human beings need. Adequate housing is essential for human survival with dignity. There are many things that we would find difficult, if not impossible to do without good-quality housing. Housing shortage is a universal phenomenon. It is more acute in developing countries. The housing dimension in India has been changing in recent years. India has initiated so many housing reform that has taken many forms and manifestations characterized by the reduction in social allocation, cutbacks in public funding and promotion of a real estate culture in close partnership between the state and private actors. Mortgage financing markets can play an important role in stimulating affordable housing markets and improving housing quality in many countries. Unfortunately, they are often less developed in India. This lack of development often translates into lower homeownership rates or lower housing quality. Most stem from the central dilemma that the resources are always too limited and housing development heavily depend on the financial institutions such as banks, credit corporations and development banks for the supply of finance to meet their daily financial needs. Against this backdrop this paper will assess basic nuances of Indian financing system. This paper will also provide key issues, future outlook and institutional performance.
Key Words:Basic nuances of Housing, Housing Condition in India, Housing Shortage and Affordable Housing in India, Institutional Performance of housing finance in India, Key Recommendations for affordable housing.

[1] Ruben Garrido-Yserte, Elena Manas-alocon, Maria Teresa Gallo-Rivera, Housing and Cost of Living: Application To The Spanish
Regions‖, Journal of Housing Economics, In press, accepted Manuscript,2012.
[2] Naik D.D, Housing Finance Pamphlet 163, Commerce Publication, Bombay, 1981. pp.1, 12, 15 and 18.
[3] J.P. Sah selected papers. up. Cit, 2011.
[4] Manorama Year Book, with a special feature on 50 years of Indian freedom and Democracy and development‖, 32nd year of
publication, ,1997, pp. 600.
[5] Krishnamachari S M, Mobilisation of Finance for Rural Housing, Yojana Publication Division, New Delhi,26 1980, 16-18.
[6] Satyanarayana C P , Housing rural poor and their living conditions, Gain Publishing House, Delhi, 1987, 15.
[7] India year Book, Director. Publication Division, Ministry of information and Broadcasting, Government of India publication, New
Delhi, 1988-89, 597.
[8] Andra C. Ghent and Michael T. Owyang,, Is housing the business cycle? Evidence from US cities, Journal of Urban
Economics, 67(3), 2010, 336-35.
[9] Despande, Cheap and healthy house for the middle classes in India - United Book Corporation, Pune, 1975, 1-10.
[10] Rangwala S.C., ―Town P1anning R.C. Patel‖, Charotar Book Stall, 1998,51-61.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Determinant of Accounting Standard, Between Parent and Subsidiary Company Operating In the Globa Community
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	Enofe, Augustine and Josiah Mary
	:	10.9790/487X-0552530

AbstractThe study examines the Determinant of Accounting Standard between parent and subsidiary company operating in global community using manufacturing company in Nigeria These firm lack accountability and transparency and distortions in financial report which leads to poor financial reporting .The data were gathered by the use of questionnaires and analyzed using binary logistic regression and the z-test statistics to ascertain whether it is the parent company that determines the accounting standard harmonization of accounting standard or the local culture and environment have any impact on the determination of accounting standard in parent and subsidiary relationship. The findings suggest first, Harmonization of accounting have impact on the determination of accounting standard in parent subsidiary relationship, and secondly, that local culture and political environment have impact on determination of accounting standard in parent subsidiary relationship. The study therefore recommend that the firm should be more transparent, accountable in compliance with the accounting standard which gives the financial statement credibility, reliability and comparability globally, this will help the preparation of consolidated accounts. The firms should work with executives who have skills to deal with a variety of local cultures and brings diverse team together to achieve common goal.
Key Words: Accounting standard, Accountability, comparability, Nigeria and Parent subsidiary company.

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exploration study. International Journal of Accounting. Vol 42 pg 146-148
[3] Barth, M.E., Landsman, W. and Lang, M. (2005). International Accounting Standards and Accounting Quality, Journal of
Accounting. Vol 12 No 3.
[4] Glautier M. and Underdown B. (2001). "Accounting Theory and Practice", London, , FT-Prentice Hall, 7th edit Hendriksen, E.S.
and Breba, M. F. (1997). Accounting Theory, Irwin, Homewood lll
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Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Accounting and Social Implications of Twin Problem on the National Economy.
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	Adediran, S. A., Josiah, Mary, Emmanuel, Ozoh
	:	10.9790/487X-0553136

Abstract:The study focuses on the accounting and social implications of twin problem of tax avoidance and tax evasion on the national economy. The data for this study were generated through the use of questionnaires, six hundred were administered while four hundred and fifty were returned. The data returned were analysed through the use of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with the help of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). It was discovered that shortfall in government revenue is as a result of tax avoidance and evasion which in turn leads to inability of the government to discharge her responsibility of provision of basic amenities to its citizenry. Based on these findings it was recommended that all cases of tax avoidance and evasion should be hence forth made public in order to serve as deterrent to others.
Keywords: Accounting, funds, Tax avoidance, tax evasion, National economy,

[1] Okoye A.E. and Otakefe J. (2004) "Tax consideration in Investment Decision of companies in Nigeria (ed.) Ezejelue and Okoye in
Accountancy: Management companion, Nigerian Accounting Association (NAN).
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[3] Jamita O.A. (1994): Basic Principles in Theory and Practice of Taxation,: Jamita Limited, Lagos.
[4] Okoye, A.E. (2000) Financial Accounting for Students and Managers Mindex Publishing company Ltd., Benin City.
[5] Makanjuola, J.D.A. (1998): "Improving the Nigerian Tax Administration for the Challenges of the next millennium" being a paper
presented at the 28th Annual Seminar: Staff Conference of the Federal Inland Revenue Service, December, 1998.
[6] Tukur, H.A. (2002): "Effective Mobilization of Revenue Resources and Budget Implementation" being a paper presentation at a 2-
Day Federal Government Budget Office Workshop organized by the Budget Office of the Federation at Abuja Sheraton & Tower,
June 22nd.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	The status of Internal Audit at Local Government Level in Nigeria
Country	:	Malaysia
Authors	:	Mu'azu Saidu Badara, Dr. Siti Zabedah Saidin
	:	10.9790/487X-0553741

Abstract: Nigeria is one the country that has a largest number of Local Governments with an established internal audit unit in operation. Therefore, to conduct a research on the status of internal audit at local government is very essential. In view of this, the objective of this paper is to highlight the status of internal audit at local government with the hope to be improving in the future Endeavour.
Keywords:Internal audit, Nigeria, Local government.

[1] Adeyemi, O. O., Akindele , S. T, & Agesin, B. (2012). Review: Institutionalizing the culture of accountability in local
government administration in Nigeria. African Journal of Political Science and International Relations, 6(4), 81-91. DOI:
10.5897/AJPSIR11.127.
[2] Aguolu, O. (2009). Designing an effective internal audit group. Association of Accountancy Bodies in West Africa, 1(4), 60-76.
[3] Aikins, S. K. (2011). An examination of government internal audits' role in improving financial performance. Public Finance
and Management Volume 11(4), 306-337.
[4] Ajayi, K. (2000) Theory and practice of local Government, Ado – Ekiti, University of Ado – Ekiti. Nigeria.
[5] Alberta, A. G. (2005). Examination of internal audit departments. Internal Audit Report. Retrieve on 12/09/2012 from
http://www.oag.ab.ca/files/oag/Examination_IAD.pdf
[6] Al-Twaijry, A. A. M, Brierley, J. A, & Gwilliam, D. R. (2003). The development of internal audit in Saudi Arabia: An
Institutional Theory perspective. Critical Perspective on Accounting, 14, 507-531. doi:10.1016/S1045-2354(02)00158-2.
[7] Aruwa, S. A. S. (2003). Government financial reporting and public accountability in Nigeria.Retrieve 18 June
2012from http://nsukonline.academia.edu/nsukedungacademiaedu/Papers/234014/GOVER NMENT_FINANCIAL_REPORTING
_AND_PUBLIC_ACCOUNTABILITY_I N_NIGERIA.
[8] Barkan, J. D., Gboyega, A, & Stevens, M. (2001). State and local governance in Nigeria.
[9] Retrieved 17 June 2012 from file:///C:/Users/student/Downloads/civil2.htm.
[10] Belay, Z. (2007). A Study on effective implementation of internal audit function to promote good governance in the public sector.
Presented to the "The Achievements, Challenges, and Prospects of the Civil Service Reform program implementation in Ethiopia"
Conference Ethiopian Civil Service College Research, Publication & Consultancy Coordination Office.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Quality Management Systems within the Public Sector: The Case of ISO 9000 Implementation Barriers in Malaysian Local Government
Country	:	Malaysia
Authors	:	Shardy Abdullah, Arman Abdul Razak, Mohd Hanizun Hanafi, Nor'Aini Yusof
	:	10.9790/487X-0554247

Abstract:Implementing ISO 9000 in the public sector is normally seen to be wrought with various obstacles that usually impede the entire process. The objective of this study is to explore the main barriers of ISO 9000 implementation in Malaysian Local Government (LG) organizations. Relevant information had been gathered from literature in developing the survey tool to gather the related data. Quantitative analysis was then used to analyse the data. There were three aspects discovered to be the main barriers which have hampered the ISO 9000 implementation process. These barriers are lack of cooperation among internal departments, negative perception or attitude towards quality among employees and employees' culture toward quality.
Keywords: Quality management systems, public sector, ISO 9000, implementation barriers, local government

1] Salleh, D. and Abdul Khalid, S.N. (2011). Accountability Practice at Local Government of Malaysia. Proceeding of 2nd
International Conference On Business And Economic Research (2nd ICBER 2011), 1305-1314.
[2] Kuo, T., Chang, T.J., Hung, K.C. and Lin, M. Y. (2009). Employees' perspective on the effectiveness of ISO 9000 certification: A
Total Quality Management framework. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 20 (12), 1321 — 1335.
[3] Mohd. Yusoff Zakaria (1997), Penambahbaikan Kualiti yang Berterusan Melalui MS ISO 9000, Proceeding of Simposium
Kebangsaaan MS ISO 9000 on 6-7 January 1997, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
[4] Narayana, P. and Goudar, I.R.N. (1999). Implementation of ISO 90000: A Case Study of NAL Information Centre, presented in
DRTC Workshop on Information Management at 6-7 January 1999, Bangalore, India.
[5] Halim Shafie and Manogran, P. (1999), MS ISO 9000: A Practical Guide for Implementation in the Civil Service. Kuala Lumpur,
National Institute of Public Administration.
[6] Wahid, R. A. and Corner, J. (2009). Critical success factors and problems in ISO 9000 maintenance. International Journal of
Quality & Reliability Management, 26(9), 881 – 893.
[7] Magd, H.A.E (2008). ISO 9001:2000 in the Egyptian manufacturing sector: perceptions and perspectives. International Journal of
Quality & Reliability Management, 25(2), 173 – 200.
[8] Bhuiyan, Nadia and Alam, Nadeem (2005b). An investigation into issues related to the latest version of ISO 9000. Total Quality
Management & Business Excellence, 16(2), 199 — 213.
[9] Bhuiyan, N. and Alam, N. (2005) A case study of a quality system implementation in a small manufacturing firm. International
Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 54(3), 172-186.
[10] Amar, K. and Mohd Zain, Z. (2002). Barriers to implementing TQM in Indonesian manufacturing organizations. The TQM
Magazine, 14(6), 367 – 372.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Empirical Study on Reasons of Industrial Sickness- With Reference To Jammu & Kashmir Industries Ltd.
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Fayza Chowdhary
	:	10.9790/487X-0554855

Abstract: The researcher did an empirical study to find out the opinion of the employees of Jammu & Kashmir Industries Ltd, J&K for declaring it as a sick industry .The Researcher determined the reasons after taking the opinion from the employees of Jammu & Kashmir Industries Ltd, J&K. The objectives on which the researcher will conduct the study are: 1) To study the reasons due to which Jammu Kashmir industries Ltd. became sick industry. 2) Understanding the employees views about the most important reason for Jammu & Kashmir Industries Ltd, J&K becoming sick.3). To frame a suitable revival strategy so as to protect the employment of the masses .and 4) Safeguard the state wealth & resources. The researcher tabulated the data and presented the data in the form of table and pie-chart. Thereafter the researcher discussed the reasons in detail. After studying the reason and analyzing them the researcher concluded that every reason given by the employee is responsible for declaring Jammu & Kashmir Industries Ltd. as sick industry.
Keywords: Jammu Kashmir Industries Ltd, Industrial Sickness, Financial Reasons and Technological Changes ,revival, managerial inability ,obsolete technology.

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Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Rural Advertising: An Unwavering Resolve for Rural Marketing
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Nawab Akram || Dr. S. D. Singh
	:	10.9790/487X-05055658

Abstract: This paper is an attempt to understand the presence of various communication channels to reach out the rural customers in India with special reference to Bihar state. The researcher has found that, with the improvement in rural infrastructure in terms of road and electricity, television is getting great acceptance in villages of India and Bihar state in particular and the marketers of FMCG companies are enthusiastically using television as a means to inform, educate, and persuade their target rural customers. Companies like HLL, Colgate-Palmolive, Cavincare, Proctor & Gamble and many more are using television as most appropriate communication channel to run their.....

Keywords: Communication Channels, Rural Market, Awareness Campaign, FMCG Companies, FMCG Products

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