IOSR-JBM   Volume-6 ~ Issue-3 ~ Nov-Dec-2012

Abstract:With economic liberalization, privatization and globalization, the role of individual investors/ institutional investors in the overall economic development of country has assumed overwhelming importance as the number shareholders both individual and institutional investors become voluminous. Managers are appointed by the owners to manage the company and provide maximum possible return to the shareholders and adhering to the other principle of governance in the society. But empirical evidences revealed that many of the companies, both public and private, failed miserably in the governance aspects so that the gap between owners and management has got widened.

[1] Balasubramanian, N., Bernard S. Black and Vikramaditya Khanna (2008), Firm-level corporate Governance in Emerging Markets:
A Case Study of India, Working Paper.
[2] Bhattacharyya, Asish K and Sadhalaxmi Vivek Rao (2005), Economic Impact of Regulation on Corporate Governance: Evidence
from India, Working Paper.
[3] Black, Bernard S. and Vikramaditya Khanna (2007), Can Corporate Governance Reforms Increase Firm‟ s Market Value?
Evidence from India, 4 Journal of Empirical Legal Studies 749-795.
[4] Claessens S., 2003, Corporate Governance and Development, Global Corporate Governance Forum, World Bank, Washington
D.C
[5] CLSA, CG Watch 2010, Corporate Governance in Asia
[6] Dharmapala, Dhammika and Vikramaditya Khanna (2008), Corporate Governance, Enforcement, and Firm Value: Evidence from
India, Working Paper.
[7] India: Role of Institutional Investors in the Corporate Governance of their Portfolio Companies; June, 2005, Finance and Private
Sector Development Unit, South Asia Region, the World Bank.
[8] Jayati sarkar and Subrata Sarkar, 2005, Multiple Board Appointments and Firm Performance in Emerging Economics: Evidence
from India, Working Paper 2005-001, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India.
[9] Jayati Sarkar and Subrata Sarkar, 2000, Large shareholder activism in developing countries: Evidence from India, International
Review of Finance, 1, pp.161-194
[10] Johnson S., P Boone,A Breach, and E. Fried man, 2000.Corporate Governance in the Asian Financial Crisis, Journal of Financial
Economics,141-186

Abstract:Many business entities have attached utmost importance to managing brand equity in prevalent competitive scenario & Indian banking and financial services firms are no exceptions. Research on services marketing indicates that customer satisfaction has a positive direct effect on brand equity and that is why the customer based brand equity concept has become most popular among all the brand equity measures, because this concept acknowledges that the power of a brand resides in the minds of the customers. Researchers also believe that the extended Ps of services marketing may influence customer satisfaction. Recent empirical study has identified key factors of the 3Ps of services marketing, through which customer satisfaction can be determined and measured in case of banking and financial services firms. This paper represents a conceptual framework through which customer based brand equity can be measured using the identified key factors of 3Ps.So this framework can be used as the theoretical base to construct and develop a scale for quantitative measurement of brand equity for Indian banking and financial services firms in future.
Keywords: Brand Equity, Conceptual Framework for Brand Equity measurement, Customer Based Brand Equity, Extended Ps of Services Marketing.

[1]. K.L. Keller, D.R. Lehmann, How do brands create value? , Marketing Management, 12(3), 2003, 26-31.

[2] D. Aaker, Managing Brand Equity: Capitalizing on the Value of a Brand Name (New York, NY: The Free Press, 1996).

[3]. D. Aaker, Building Strong Brands (New York, NY: The Free Press, 1996).

[4]. K. L. Keller, Conceptualizing, Measuring, and Managing Customer-Based Brand Equity, Journal of Marketing, 57(1), 1993, 1-22. [5]. K. L. Keller, Brand Synthesis: The Multidimensionality of Brand Knowledge, Journal of Consumer Research, 29(4), 2003, 595-600. [6]. T. Erdem, J. Swait, Brand equity as a signaling phenomenon, Journal of Consumer Psychology, 7(2), 1998, 131-157.

[7]. J.Swait, T. Erdem, J.Louviere, and C. Dubelaar, The Equalization Price: A Consumer-Perceived Measure of Brand Equity, International Journal of Research in Marketing, 10(1), 1993, 23-45.

[8]. K. L. Keller, Strategic Brand Management Building Measuring & Managing Brand Equity (New Delhi: Pearson Education, 2009). [9]. D.A. Aaker, R. Jacobson, The Financial Information Content of Perceived Quality, Journal of Marketing Research, 31(2), 1994, 191-201.

[10]. D.A. Aaker, R. Jacobson, The Value Relevance of Brand Attitude in High-Technology Markets, Journal of Marketing Research, 38(4),2001,485-493.

Abstract"Green" gains global marketing muscle, as consumers exercise the power of demand in the environmental arena. In light of public concern about climate change, depletion of natural resources, damage to the ozone layer, and loss of agricultural land, there is a growing preference for energy-saving technologies and a reduction and limit to energy use. Consumers will increasingly favour products and services from companies with strong sustainability practices .A major consequence of China‟s and India‟s rapid growth will be amongoing depletion of natural resources. Aspiration for economic progress and better life style will cause shortage in vital commodities (czinkota and scuba 2009)

[1] Burroughs and Sabherwal, "Online Shopping Behaviour", "AIMS Volume 3 , Number2,May2009
[2] Catledge and Pitkow, "Characterizing Browsing Strategies in the World Wide Web Computer Networks and ISDN Systems, 27(6), 1065-1073.
[3] Chen, "Gender and Computers: The beneficial effects of experience on attitudes‟. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 2, 265-282.
[4] Christ et al, "Trajectories of Individual WWW Usage: Implications for Electronic Commerce. In Proceedings of the 34th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Maui, HI, January 3-6, 2001 (pp.2794-2802) los Alamitors: IEEE Computer Society.
[5] Chung et al, "Internet Searching and Browsing in a Multilingual World: An Experiment on the Chinese Business Intelligence Portal (CBizPort). Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 55(9), 818-831.
[6] Cockburn and McKenzie, "What do Web users do: An Empirical Analysis of Web Use" International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 54(6), 903-922.
[7] Cumming," Hits and Miss –es: A year Watching the Web, Computer Networks and ISDN Systems, 29(8-13), 1357-1365.
[8] Davies, D.W., K.A. Bartlett, R.A. Scantlebury, and P.T. Wilkinson. 1967. "A Digital Communication Network for Computers Giving Rapid Response at Remote Terminals", Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Operating System Principles. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, 1967
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[10] "Neslihan Keser Ozcan, " Internet Use and Its Relation with the Psychosocial Situation for Sample of University Students‟, Cyber Psychology & Behaviour, Volume 10, No.6, 2007

Abstract:A study was conducted to identify essential quality parameters for organized food retailers on the bases of customer opinion about different area of service quality. For this factor analysis was used to determine responsible factors for measuring the satisfaction level among organized food retail customers. Study results that quality parameters such as more product variety, attractive discounts, branded product in food and grocery segment, neatness and hygiene, freshness of food were positively affected to customers in selection of organized food retail over unorganized food retail. Which indicate that organized food retails should concentrate on these parameters in delivering services to their customers. Study also identifies areas in which organized food retailers are lacking in services i.e. After sales, credit facility, consistency in services and personal attendance to customers. So they should concentrate on weak area of performance in services and try to improve service quality in these areas..
Keywords- customer satisfaction, factor analysis, organized food retailing, quality parameters, super markets

[1] Hardeep Chahal and Neetu Kumari, Service quality, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in health care sector, The Indian journal of commerce,62 (2), 2009, 71-84.
[2] Kathryn Bishop Gagliano and Jan Hathcote, Customer expectations and perceptions of service quality in retail apparel speciality stores, Journal of service marketing, 8(1) 1994, 60-69.
[3] G. S. Sureshchandar, Chandrasekharan & R. N. Anantharaman, Deterninants of customer perceived service quality. Journal of services marketing. 16(1), 2002, 9-34.
[4] Jaykumar and Samad, Identifying important service quality parameters for major Indian food retailers, African journal of marketing management, 4(1), 2012, 30-42.
[5] Joseph, Soundararajan, Gupta, Sahu, Impact of organized retailing on the unorganized sector, Indian council for research on international economic relations. 2008, WP. 222.
[6] Sinha, Mathew & Kansal, 2003-05. Format choice of food and grocery retailer. IIMA research and publication. WP No. 2005-07-04.
[7] Top trends in Indian retail sector. Techno park retail outlook, Oct.‟ 2007, Vol-1.
[8] Retail global expansion: A portfolio of opportunities, A.T.Kearney global retail development index, 2011.
[9] Deepak Chawla & Neena Sondhi, Research methodology concepts and case, Vikas publishing house Pvt Ltd., 2011.

Abstract:Alternative Dispute Resolution includes dispute resolution processes and techniques that act as a means for disagreeing parties to come to an agreement short of litigation.There has been strong growth in Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) in recent year. ADR is very popular now. The main objective of this article is to prove that modern ADR is shadow of Islamic dispute resolution Process and it is not unfamiliar with Islamic Law. In Islam, civil and petty criminal disputes are strongly recommended to be settled through negotiation, mediation, conciliation, arbitration or compromise, as these are nearer to norms laid down in the Holy Quran and Hadith. It is qualitative research. I use secondary sources. Basically, I discuss based on Quran and Hadith of the Prophet Mohammad (SWA).
Key words:Alternative Dispute Resolution, Islamic Law, Sulh, Tahkim, Muhtasib, Fatwa of Muftis.

[1] Syed Khalid Rashid, Alternative Dispute Resolution in Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 2000.
[2] Nora Abdul Hak and others, Alternative Dispute Resolution in Islam, IIUM Publication, 2008.
[3] Powell-Smith, Vincent, "Settlement of Dispute by Arbitration Under Shariah and Common law," (Islamic Research Institute, Islamabad, 1996).
[4] Masud Muhd. Khalid and others, "Mufties, Fatawas and Islamic Legal Interpretation," Cambridge, 1996.
[5] Kwatra, "The Arbitration and conciliation Law of India," New Delhi, 1999.
[6] Fyzee, A modern Approach to Islam, Lahore, 1978.
[7] Nyazee, Islamic Jurisprudence, The Other Press, The International Institute of Islamic Thought, (2000).
[8] El-Malik, Mineral Investment under the Shariah Law, London: Graham and Tortman, (1993).
[9] S Mahamassani, International Law in the Light of Islamic Doctrine, Academie de Droit International, Recueil des cours, (1967).
[10] Sornarajah, International Commercial Arbitration: The Problem of State Contracts, Singapore: Longman, (1990).

Abstract:The Indian IT sector has also built a strong reputation for its high standards of software development ability, service quality and information security in the foreign market- which has been acknowledged globally and has helped enhance buyer confidence. The role of HR in the present scenario has undergone a sea change and its focus is on evolving such functional strategies which enable successful implementation of the major corporate strategies. Today, HR works towards facilitating and improving the performance of the employees by building a conducive work environment and providing maximum opportunities to the employees for participating in organizational planning and decision making process. The paper discusses about the role of performance management in IT industry.
Key words:IT sector, Information security, Performance, Opportunities, Corporate

[1] M.Sudan Taylor, Academy of Management Journal 1998 "Managers' Reactions To Procedurally Just Performance Management Systems" vol.41 pp 568-579
[2] VictorY/.Haines, Candian Journal of Administrative Scienes 2004 " Performance Management Design And Effectiveness in Quality-Driven Organizations" vol.21 pp 146-161
[3] Dr. A.SrinivasaRao, the International Journal of Human Resource Management 2007 "Effectiveness Of Performance Management Systems" Indian School Of Business, Hyderabad
[4] Adrian Furnham, European Business Journal 2004 "Performance Management Systems"Univesity College London, London
[5] Kostas N.Dervitsiotis, Total Quality Management "The Design of Performance Measurement Systems for Management Learning" vol.15 No.4, pp 457-473, University or Piraeus, Greece
[6] Performance Management and Appraisal Systems, T V Rao
[7] http://www.managementstudyguide.com
[8] http://www.performanceassociates.co.nz
[9] http://www.humanresources.about.com
[10] http://www.managementexchange.com

Abstract:Since the early 1980s, the Nigerian economic features have been on the decline, following the sudden fall in the price of oil in the world market. This development has brought sharp focus or vulnerability of a mono-economy and subsequent attempt to demystify and/or diversify religion. The adjustment and other reform measures adopted by Nigerian government and her citizenry have compounded more problems rather than managing the fragile mono-economy. Consequently, myriad of social, economic, religious and political problems are being experienced today in Nigeria. This paper examines the religious values as a paradigm in the management of national economy in Nigeria. The paper first defined key words used in this presentation. Second, the paper makes and overview of national economy and the crises of development in Nigeria. Third, the paper discusses religious values and the management of national economy. Furthermore, the paper highlights the role of religious values as a paradigm of reform policy in Nigeria. Finally, the paper recommends among others, that rebuilding a virile, dynamic, egalitarian and robustly united Nigeria, must of necessity, entails institutional capacity building by way of restoring religious values that tend to strengthen the operation of our institutions in order to facilitate the task of genuine mobilisation for national development in all sectors of economy.
Key words:Religious, Values, Management, National, Economy and Reform policy

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[6] Aluaigba, M.T. (2006), "National Corporation and the National Development: An Insight from the Nigerian Oil Sector", FAIS Journal of Humanities, Vol. 3.No.4, BUK, Kano
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