IOSR-JBM   Volume-7 ~ Issue-3 ~ Jan-Feb-2013

Abstract: In the context of Nigeria, the issue of Business social responsibility (BSR) has been highly relative issue to stakeholders. In this paper we present a proposed framework for examining the relationship between Trust of BSR and firms performance. However, virtually few studies have attempted to regards the relationship between trust of BSR and firms performance, even if any they consider it in the perspective of consumers/individuals. Hence this study intends to make new contribution to literature by proposed causal relationships between trust of BSR and firms performance in the perspective of organization.
Keywords: Business social responsibility (BSR), Trust of BSR, Firm performance, Nigeria.

[1] Amaeshi, K., Adi, B., Ogbechie, C. & Amao, O. (2006). Corporate Social Responsibility in Nigeria: Western Mimicry or Indigenous influence? No 39-2006, ICCSR Research paper series-ISSN 1479-5124, The University Nottingham.
[2] Atkinson, S., & Butcher, D. (2003). Trust in Managerial Relationships, Journal of Managerial Psychology, 18, 282–304.
[3] Berrone, P., Surroca, J., Tribo, J. A., (2007), Corporate Ethical Identity as Determinant of Firm Performances: A Test of The
Mediating Role of Stakeholder Satisfaction, Journal of Business Ethics, 76, 35-53.
[4] Castaldo, S. (2002). Meanings of trust: a Meta analysis of trust definitions. Paper presented at Second Euram Conference, Stockholm.
[5] Carroll, A. B., & Shabana, K. M. (2010). The business case for corporate social responsibility: a review of concepts research and
practices. International Journal of Management Review, 12 (1), 85-105.
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[7] Das, T.K., & Teng, B.S. (1998). Between trust and control: developing confidence in partner cooperation in alliances, Academy of
Management Review, 23(2), 491–513.
[8] Das, T.K., & Teng, B.S. (2001). Trust, control, and risk in strategic alliances: an integrated framework. Organization Studies, 22(2),
251–283.
[9] David, O. A. (2012). An assessment of the impact of corporate social responsibility on Nigeria society: The examples of banking and communication industries. Universal Journal of Marketing and Business Research, 1(1), 017-043.
[10] Detomasi, D. A. (2008). The political roots of corporate social responsibility, Journal of Business Ethics, 82, 807-819.

Abstract: This paper looks at the importance of corporate social responsibility and what corporate social responsibilities have implications on the credit rating of a particular organization. The study will be focusing on what credit ratings are and what determines them. This will largely be studied in context to the Pakistani organization, both the national Pakistani companies and multinationals which are operating in Pakistan.
Keywords: Credit Rating, Corporate Social Responsibility, Pakistan

[1] Atkins, B., 2006. Commentary. Is Corporate Responsibility Responsible? Available at www.forbes.com/2006/11/16/leadership

philanthropy- charity-lead-citizen-cs 11/28/06.
[2] Baue et al. (2005). International evidence on ethical mutual fund performance and investment style, Journal of Banking and
Finance, Vo. 29 pp. 1751–1767
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pp. 493 – 514
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- 1635
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1245
[6] Christian, K. (2009). Credit Rating and impact on capital structure. Norderstedt, Germany: Druck und Bingdung
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selection, Managerial Finance , Vol. 23 pp. 29
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Accounting Review, Vol. 41 (3), pp. 141 – 153.
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2388 – 2406
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Abstract: This study aims to explore the investment understanding and to construct implementation the investment meaning to investment behavior, as well as to construct the model design of investor decisionmaking behavior in stock buying and selling for short-term investor in Surabaya. This study used a qualitative interpretive paradigm, with phenomenology deontology method. Behavioral finance theory perspective was used as a tool to analyze the results. The results showed that: (1) Compared with fundamental analysis and technical analysis, well emotions management based on age, gender, education and personality of investor/trader was central in determining the success, (2) Compared with other short term investor type, such as a swing trader, position trader and historical investors, the day traders have greatest psychological burden in decision to buy or to sell shares, (3) Short-term investors can manage emotions rightly to obtain greater benefit from short-term investments than long-term investments, (4) experience was the best teacher for trader journey. Traders who able to learn from experience would be better than the traders who understand the stock market science but lack of experience, because the decisions based on a combination of rational and intuitive.
Keywords: investor behavior, behavioral finance, qualitative, interpretive, phenomenology

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Abstract: Some theories explain the differences of capital structure for any company. As a result, it is important to review capital structure to increase firm value, especially manufacturing companies in Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX), which is mostly labor intensive. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of CEO ability, profitability, NDTS, cash flow and CEO ownership on capital structure (LTDE and LTDA), and the impact of capital structure (LTDE and LTDA) on firm value. The study was conducted at manufacturing companies in IDX. Observation period are 2006-2010. CEO ability and CEO ownership determines capital
structure (LTDE), while profitability and cash flow NDTS does not affect. Furthermore, CEO ability, profitability, NDTS and CEO ownership determines capital structure (LTDA), but cash flow does not affect. Capital structure (LTDE and LTDA) determines firm value. Enterprise value is more determined by companies that use the overall assets in operational activities compared to companies that only rely their own capital. This research uses pecking order, trade-off and asymmetric information theory.
Keywords: CEO ability, CEO ownership, capital structure, corporate value.

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Manufaktur yang Listing di Bursa Efek Indonesia), Disertasi, Program Pascasarjana Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Brawijaya, Malang.
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Abstract: The purpose of this research is to empirically test the influence of entrepreneurial characteristics and competencies on business performance in small and medium enterprises (SMEs). This study was conducted with 147 SMEs owner in Malang regency East Java Indonesia using survey instrument. Data analysis using the Structural Equation Modelling. The results of this study indicate that the entrepreneurial characteristics have a significant influence on business performance. Entrepreneurial competencies as mediating in the relationship between entrepreneurial characteristics and business performance. It means the more powerful entrepreneurial characteristics will lead to an increase in the competence of the SMEs owner, which will ultimately have an effect on business performance.
Keywords: entreprenurial characteristics, competencies, business performance

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Abstract: In this paper, the authors examine the relationship between the competitive priorities and competitive advantage among small scale industries in Coimbatore. The data set were randomly drawn from a sample of 22 top level executives of small scale industries in Coimbatore to draw valid conclusions. To measure the competitive advantage and competitive priorities of small scale industries, we considered 13 and 32 keys as determining variables, respectively .The ranking on a five point Likert scale regarding competitive priorities in small scale industries were measured based on the domains such as Quality ,Cost , Delivery, flexibility , Customer-focus and Know-how . Also, the same scale is used for competitive advantage; we employed Cronbach's alpha test and multiple regression analysis. The results suggest that there is a significant relationship between the competitive priorities and competitive priorities and competitive advantage among the small scale industries in Coimbatore.

Keywords: Small Scale industries, Competitive Priorities, Competitive Advantage, Cronbach's Alpha Test, Multiple Regression Analysis.

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Abstract: Foreign exchange fluctuations have been found in the literature review to have an impact on the stock market return and the fluctuations in the stock prices. This research uses the cointegration technique to analyze the impact of USD to PKR exchange rate on the stock return market in Pakistan. The stock market return has been studied by KSE 100 Index. The results show that a relationship between the two variables exists in the short run in Pakistan.
Keywords: Exchange Markets, stock prices, Pakistan

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Abstract: Bangladesh is a labor rich country and an ideal place for the Readymade Garment (RMG) industry that uses labor intensive technology for its production. Labor is an important factor for industrial production and it is truer in garment industry of Bangladesh. Human resource is taken to be an important factor to increase productivity and to improve quality as well as to reduce the costs of the production that is necessary to survive in the competition. There are several issues related to increases the labor productivities and among those, labor incentives is one of the major factor point. This study surveyed almost 36 medium and large scale RMG factories in Bangladesh with a focus on the improvement of productivity of RMG industries. This study finds that, the labor incentive programs increase firm performance and result in reduced delivery delay. Also, this study finds the level of education of the top level managements have an impact on the incentive programs of RMG industries.
Keywords: Productivity, labor incentive, firm performance, RMG industry and development.

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Journal of Business Administration, Vol.23, No.3&4, page41-69.
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Growth‖, Bangladesh Institute of International and Strategic Studies Journal, Vol.24, No. 1, page 49-82.
[4] Bangladesh Export Promotion Bureau (EPB), Bangladesh knitwear Manufacturers Association, Information Division of EPB, 2008.
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2009.
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Occasional Paper Series, Paper 50. Dhaka, Bangladesh.
[8] Bhattacharya, D., and M. Rahman, 1999, ―Female Employment Under Export-propelled Industrialization: Prospects for
Internalizing Global Opportunities in Bangladesh's Apparel Sector‖, UNRISD Occasional Paper. Dhaka, Bangladesh.
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Abstract: conceptual framework for intra - firm financing leverage analysis { based on the mechanical analysis of physical leverage ( the genesis of the concept of financing leverage ) } of a corporate firm under condition of future business risk considering a short - term planning horizon , composed of ( a ) an ex - ante analysis conducted at the beginning of the period for choosing a ' Financing Account Structural Plan ' ( FASP ) from alternative FASPs based on the principle of maximization of expected utility { or principle of minimization of absolute value of expected disutility ( negative utility ) } of the ' elasticity coefficient measure ' of the ' Degree of Financing Leverage ' ( DFL ) considering the degrees of ' Downside Financing Leverage Risk ( DFLR ) averseness' and ' Upside Financing Leverage Risk ( UFLR ) affinity' subjectively assigned by the DFLR averse or UFLR affine decision - maker [ noting that a decision - maker with an iota of rationality can never be ' DFLR affine ' or ' UFLR averse' to any degree , and utilizing concave utility function and convex utility function for risk aversion and risk affinity respectively ] ; and ( b ) an ex - post analysis conducted at the end of the period for the performance appraisal of the decision-maker based on ' financing leverage efficiency' , is formulated and illustrated in this research paper.
Keywords: Physical Leverage , Financing Leverage , Financing Account Structural Plan , Degree of Financing Leverage , Financing Leverage Risk , Downside Financing Leverage Risk , Upside Financing Leverage Risk , Coefficient of Variation , Mean Absolute Deviation , Financing Leverage Efficiency.

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