IOSR-JBM   Volume-8 ~ Issue-5 ~ Mar-Apr-2013

Abstract: Financial liberalization and technology revolution have allowed the developments of new and more efficient delivery and processing channels as well as more innovative products and services in banking industry. Banking institutions are facing competition not only from each other but also from non-bank financial intermediaries as well as from alternative sources of financing. As financial institutions increasingly offer online banking services to their customers, they must face issues of consumer confidence in the Internet. Consumers are concerned about identity theft and wonder if the Internet is safe for online banking. The answer is yes—if financial institutions, in cooperation with their customers, make it safe. Therefore, building the best controls to prevent fraud and protect customers is of critical importance. This paper investigates the extent of safety measures followed by customers while e-banking, analyses the awareness of the customers regarding the various online banking scams and suggests safety measures to be followed while e-banking. Primary data was collected from 118 respondents through a structured questionnaire. Secondary data was used to know about the various electronic e-banking products and services and various online scams. The findings are of great help to bankers to enable them to frame proper guidelines for their customers who use e-banking facility. It helps e-banking customers to bank safely using the safety measures.

Key words- E-banking, innovation, internet, online scams, safety measures.

[1] Akinci, S., Aksoy, S. and Atılgan, E. (2004), Adoption of internet banking among sophisticated consumer segments in an advanced developing country, International Journal of Bank Marketing, Vol.22 (3), pp. 212-32.
[2] Aladwani, M. Adel (2001), Online banking: a field study of drivers, development challenges, and expectations, International Journal of Information Management, pp. 213-225.
[3] Amato-McCoy, D. (2005), Creating virtual value, Bank Systems and Technology, 1(22).
[4] Asher, J. (1999), Small business: Suddenly everyone wants a piece of it, American Bankers Association. ABA Journal, 91, (4).
[5] Barnes, J.G., Howlett, D. M. (1998), Predictors of equity in relationships between financial services providers and retail customers, International Journal of Bank Marketing, Vol.16,pp.15-23.
Innovation In Indian Banking: Extent Of Precautions Taken By The Customers While E-Banking
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[6] Bauer, H.H., Hammerschmidt, M. and Falk, T. (2005), Measuring the quality of e-banking portals, International Journal of Bank Marketing, Vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 153-75.
[7] Black, N.J., Lockett, A., Winklhofer, H. and Ennew, C. (2001), The adoption of internet financial services: a qualitative study, International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, Vol.29 (8), pp. 390-398.
[8] Calisir F. and Gumussoy, C. A., (2008), Internet banking versus other banking channels: Young consumers‟ view, International Journal of Information Management, Vol.28, pp.215-221.
[9] Centeno, C. (2004), Adoption of Internet services in the Acceding and Candidate Countries, lessons from the Internet banking case, Telematics and Informatics, Vol.21, pp. 293-315.

Abstract: The study examines the perspective of practitioners who are involved directly and/or indirectly with the process of shariah compliance/auditing from Islamic financial institutions (IFIs) in Malaysia on the issues of standards for shariah auditing, auditors qualifications and independence. The paper examines 77 self-developed questionnaires applicable to the main issues focused by this study. The survey questionnaires are distributed by mail or delivered in person to 85 respondents in 21 Malaysian Islamic financial institutions. It is found that Malaysian IFIs are in need of properly guided shariah standards for shariah auditing practices. The scarce resourceful auditors with both shariah and accounting/auditing qualifications and the issue of self review threat to independence may affect the reputable image of Islamic financial institutions. The findings reinforce the importance of auditors' qualification and independence as currently there is no mandatory regulated professional shariah auditor code to be in tandem with drastic growth of the IFIs. The paper offers practical implication to regulators in providing a direction to revise the existing standards for shariah auditing practices and to formulate a mandatory professional governance structure for shariah auditors.

Keywords - Shariah audit, Shariah auditor, Islamic financial institutions, Malaysia

[1] Barlaup, K., Dronen, H. I. and Stuart, I., Restoring trust in auditing: Ethical discernment and the Adelphia scandal, Managerial Auditing Journal, 24(2), 2009, 183-203.
[2] Humphrey, C., Debating audit expectations: Current issues in auditing, (Paul Chapman Publishing Ltd., London, 2000).
[3] Houck, T. P., Why and how audits must change, (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Canada, 2003).
[4] Ball, R., Kothari, S. and Robin, A., The effect of international institutional factors on properties of accounting earnings, Paper presented at International Accounting Research Conference, 1998, Chicago.
[5] Blair, I., The audit expectation gap widens as the failures grow, Company Director, June, 1990, 39.
[6] Banaga, A., Ray, G. and Tomkins, C., External audit and corporate governance in Islamic banks: A joint practitioner-academia research study, (Avebury, Hants, England, 1994).
[7] Shahul, H. M. I., The need for Islamic accounting: Perceptions of its objectives and characteristics by Malaysian accountants and accounting academics, Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Dundee, United Kingdom, 2000.
[8] Gary, P., Nonna, M. & Liang, C., The impact of codes of ethics and experience on auditor judgments, Managerial Auditing Journal, 22(6), 2007, 566-589.
[9] Harahap, S. S., Auditing dalam perspektif Islam [Auditing in the Islamic perspective], (Pustaka Quantum, Jakarta, 2002).
[10] Gary, P., Nonna, M. & Liang, C., The impact of codes of ethics and experience on auditor judgments, Managerial Auditing Journal, 22(6), 2007, 566-589.

Abstract: This paper is a study of Bi-variate causality between State Per Capita Income and State Public Expenditure in Gujarat State Economic System during the Post Economic Reforms period from 1991 to 2005. First, impact of State Per Capita Income on State Public Expenditure in Gujarat State is investigated and then influence of State Public Expenditure on State Per Capita Income in Gujarat State is examined during 1991 to 2005. Here in this study time series is used to examine the relationship between year-wise State Per Capita Income and State Public Expenditure in Gujarat State, for the study years 1991 to 2005. Our Two Variables Regression analysis showed significant Bi-variate causal relationship between year-wise number of State Per Capita Income and State Public Expenditure in Gujarat State Economic System.

Key Words: Bi-variate, causality, State Per Capita Income, State Public Expenditure, Two Variables Regression

[1] Hirway, Indira ((2000) "Dynamic Development in Gujarat: Some Issues", The economic and Political Weekly, august 26, September 2, 2000 Vol. 35(35 and 36), pp. 3106-3120.
[2] Dhokakia. Ravendra (2000): "Liberalization in Gujarat: Review of Recent Experience", The Economic and Political Weekly, August 26, September 2, 2000 Vol. 35(35 and 36), pp. 3121 –3124.
[3] Mathur, Niti and S.p. Kayshap (2000): "Agriculture in Gujarat; Problems and Prospects", The Economic and Political Weekly, August 26, September 2, 2000 Vol. 35(35 and 36), pp. 3137 – 3146.
[4] Parthasarathy, p. (2000): "Participatory Irrigation Management in Gujarat: Institutional and Financial Issues", The Economic and political weekly, August 26, September 2, 2000 vol. 35(35 and 36), pp. 3147 – 3154.
[5] Poulomi Roy (1997), "public capital and growth in a decentralized agents framework" National Institute of Public Finance and policy volume2, issue 5, pp239-246 January.
[6] Basant, Rakesh (2000): "Economic Diversifications in Rural Areas: A Review of processes with Special Reference to Gujarat", working paper no. 0; Gujarat Institute of Development Research-Gota, Ahmedabad 380060.
[7] Mahesh P. Bhatt and Ramesh M. Shah (2000) "Gujarat State Finance Commission", Implications of Recommendations", JSTDR Economic and political weekly, June 10.
[8] Kundu, A, (2000), "Globalising Gujarat Urbanization, Employment and poverty" Economic and political weekly, pp.3172 – 3182, Gujarat, India, August 26 Sept.
[9] Dinesh N.A, (2000), "Recent changes in Gujarat Industry Issues and evidence" economic and political weekly pp 3183 – 3192 August 26-September.
[10] Darshini, M., (2000), "Health for all in Gujarat is it achievable" Economic and Political Weekly, pp.3193 – 3204, Gujarat, India, August 26 – September – 2.

Abstract:This paper deals with the role of universities in the process of Rural Development. This paper tries to define Rural Development, the problems and challenges involved in Rural Development. This paper then discusses the Eco system of Rural Development & the different roles needed to be played by universities; steps in the process of Rural Development & suggests a sustainable model for Rural Development making universities as the change centers.

Key Words: Rural Development; Universities Roles; Sustainable Rural Development Model; Roles of universities; Steps in Rural Development; needed changes to universities;

[[1] Moseley, Malcolm J. (2003). "Rural development: principles and practice" (1. publ. ed.). London [u.a.]: SAGE. pp. 5. ISBN 0-7619-4766-3
[2] Ward, Neil; Brown, David L. (1 December 2009). "Placing the Rural in Regional Development". Regional Studies 43 (10): 1237–1244. doi:10.1080/00343400903234696
[3] Westport, Conn. "Rural development research: a foundation for policy" (1. publ. ed.). [u.a.]: Greenwood Press. 1996. ISBN 0-313-29726-6.
[4] Moseley, Malcolm J. (2003). "Rural development: principles and practice" (1. publ. ed.). London [u.a.]: SAGE. pp. 7. ISBN 0-7619-4766-3
[5] Planning Commission Report – 2011
[6] United States Census Bureau – 2012 Report
[7] India‟s National Census programme – 2011 Report
[8] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_population
[9] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India_population
[10] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty_in_India

Abstract: This paper tries to study the present situation of Cochin Port Trust which is one of the major ports in India .The study identifies the poor capability of Cochin Port Trust to respond effectively to change in a business opportunity. This port contributed a lot towards the development of the country and the Kerala state and the state looking forwards the port trust for further development of the state. The detailed study on the various departments of Cochin Port Trust it was identified that the present situation is not favorable for any organization especially the industries which can contribute towards the economic development of the country. The policies of the Central government and the inefficiency in the management created a situation that port is running at a net loss of 86 crores. The present management structure of Cochin Port Trusts will not be able to make a positive change in working atmosphere, Effective utilization of natural resources, and thereby contributing to the issue of unemployment in the country . So the industrials training report proposing a change in organizational structure of Cochin Port Trust. For the further development of the port it is very important that the employees of the Cochin port should come forward and should offer their maximum effort, which they are not doing at the present situation. After a detailed study on Dry dock workshop of Cochin Port trust it is identified that this department can contribute to the revenue of Cochin Port Trust. Presence of ICTT Vallarpadam, the Central Government is planning waive the cabotage rule for ICTT Vallarpadam, the proposed Vihinjam Port is the some open opportunity in front of the port trust. This offers a scope of ship repairing hub in Cochin Port Trust with business collaboration with Cochin Shipyard.

Keywords: Cabotage rule, Cause and effect diagram, Pareto chart, ICTT Vallarpadam.

[1] CPT Administrative Reports 2005-11

[2] Eleventh Five Year Plan Volume III Planning Commission Government of India

[3] Web site Cochin Port trust

[4] Text Book: Total Quality Management by S.M Sundara Raju,

[5] Text Book: Research Methodology by Paneer Selvam

Abstract: Abstract:"Marketing includes all activities which are concerned with effecting changes in the ownership and position of good and services". Direct marketing involves by passing the retailer in regarding in reaching the customer. . In this study there are five companies were included those are Sun Direct, Big TV, Digital TV, Dish TV, TATA Sky . Primary data were collected from 100 respondents by convenient sampling method through questionnaire and also by interview method in Coimbatore district. 15 respondents were selected to pilot study and based on their suggestions necessary modifications were made in the actual questionnaire. This study consists of simple percentage analysis to done keeping in mind the objectives of the study, chi – square parameters were employed to test the hypothesis spelt out in the study. Garrett ranking techniques was used to rank the preference of the respondents on different aspects of the study, the percentage position of each rank thus obtained into scores by referring to the table given by Henry E. Garrett. Analysis of variance to make two estimates of population variance those based on between sample variance and the other based on within variance are compare with F – test table. The present study reveals that majority of the respondents preferred Big TV for more channels because they can pay for what they want to watch. The company can reduce the price to fulfill the needs for low-income level of people.

Books:
[1] P.Saravanavel, "Research Methodology", Published by KitabMahal, 2006.
[2] R.S.N.Pillai, Bagavathi, "Modern Marketing", S.Chand and company Ltd, 2007.
[3] C.R.Kothari, "Research Methodology", New age international Publishers, 2006.
Website:
[1] www.sundirect.com
[2] www.bigtv.com
[3] www.airteldigitaltv.com
[4] www.tatasky.com
[5] www.google.com

Abstract: Servant leadership style implementation on Cooperatives encourages the existence of organizations. Since most organizations –including Cooperatives- need to serve at all levels in order to keep their relationship to their members, employees, and environments. Servant leadership should be of interest for today's cooperative leaders for it enablesand empowers employees to serve others.

Keywords: Servant Leadership, Motivation, Organization Culture, OrganizationalCitizenship Behavior (OCB), and Employees' Performance

[1] Armstrong, M.&Baron, A. 1998. Performance Management – The New Realities. London: IPD

[2] Barbuto, J., Brown, L., Wilhite, M.&Wheeter, D. 2001."Justify the Underlying Motives of Organizational Citizenship Behavior." A brief study of agricultural co-op workers.

[3] Bass, B.M.1985. Leadership and Performance Beyond Expectations. New York: Free Press.

[4] Biswas, S.&Varma, A. 2007. "Psychological Climate and Individual Performance in India: Test of a Mediated Model."Employee Relation 29(6): 664 – 676.

[5] Buchanan, D.&Huczynski, A. 1997. Organizational Behavior: An Introductory Text. 3rd Edition.London : Prentice Hall.

]6] Budiyanto&Oetomo, H.W. 2011."The Effect of Job Motivation, Work Environment and Leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Job Satisfaction and Public Service Quality in Magetan, East Java, Indonesia."World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology 7(5): 192- 200.

[7] Bungin, Burhan. 2011. Quantitative Research Methodology, Communication, Economic, Public Policy, and Other Social Sciences. 2 nd ed. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group.

[8] Campbell, D., Stonehouse, G.,&Houston, B. 1999. Business Strategy. Butterworth Heinemann.

[9] Central Bureau of Statistic, East Java in Number. 2012.

[10] Covey, S. 1995. Principle-Centered Leadership.Simon and Schuster.

Abstract: A community development association (CDA) has been established in every village or neighborhood in Taiwan. The purpose of CDAs is to enhance residents' living quality. The services provided by CDAs should fulfill and even exceed residents' expectations, and the performance of these services should be approved by the residents. When their expectations are not met, residents become dissatisfied with the services provided and eventually lose their community identity. Thus, based on a SERVQUAL questionnaire developed in this study, we used the importance-performance analysis (IPA) method to investigate the service quality of CDAs. The findings of this study can be used to improve and enhance the service quality of CDAs.

Keywords - Community Development Association, Service, Performance, Important-Performance Analysis

[1] C. N. Yeh, C. H. Hung, Empirical Study of Functions and Problems of Community Development Associations: The Case Study of Hsinchu City, Chung Hua Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 5(1), 2006, 86-118.
[2] S. T. Wang, The Resources Mobilization and Integration in Nonprofit Organization: The Study of Community Development Association, Taiwanese Journal of Social Welfare, 5(2), 2007, 103-137.
[3] T. Y. Chang, P. L. Chen, Y. H. Liu, The Relationships between Community Social Capital, Community Building and Community Development: Using Structural Equation Modeling, Kaohsiung Normal University Journal, 32(1), 2012, 24-45.
[4] C. J Li, P. T. Chen, and S. J. Chao, Region Revitalization: Use Culture as Foundation to Develop Wheat Community, Leisure Industry Research, 9(3), 2011, 46-58.
[5] M. C. Lin, On the Intermediate Group: Difficulties of Community Development in Taiwan and Its Alternative Choice, Social Policy and Social Work, 15(1), 2011, 137-166.
[6] Y. H. Tsai, Y. C. Chen, Y. L. Wang, Community Development Associations, Electoral Mobilization and Local Politics, Soochow Journal of Political Science, 25(4), 2007, 93-135.
Measuring the Service Quality of Community Development Associations Using Importancewww.
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[7] A. Parasuraman, V. A. Zeithaml, L.L. Berry, A Conceptual Model of Service Quality and Its Implication for Future Research, Journal of Marketing, 49(4), 1985, 41-50.
[8] V. A. Zeithaml, L. L. Berry, A. Parasuraman, Communication and Control Processes in the Delivery of Service Quality, Journal of Marketing, 52(2), 1988, 35-48.
[9] A. Parasuraman, L. L. Berry, V. A. Zeithaml, Refinement and Reassessment of the SERVQUAL Scale, Journal of Retailing, 67(4), 1991, 420-450.
[10] A. Parasuraman, V. A. Zeithaml, L. L. Berry, Reassessment of Expectations as a Comparison Standard in Measuring Service Quality: Implications for Further Research, Journal of Marketing, 58(1), 1994, 111-124.

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of aesthetics package design elements on consumer purchase decisions of dairy products with particular emphasis on these variables: package colours, material, instructions and typography. A descriptive research design methodology was adopted. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data and information from 150 respondents who were randomly selected while going about their shopping experiences. The study revealed that not all aesthetic package design elements trigger consumer purchase behaviour. The elements that have an influence should be properly blended together to ensure that they remain sensitive and appealing to the consumers thereby shaping and guiding their intention to purchase dairy products.

Keywords: product, packaging, aesthetics, package design elements, purchase decisions.

[1] Asadollahi, A and Givee, M. (2011). The Role of Graphic Design in Packaging and Sales of Product in Iran. Contemporary Marketing Review, Vol. 1(5) pp. 30 – 34.
[2] Bloch, P.H. (1995). "Seeking the ideal form: product design and consumer response", Journal of Marketing, Vol. 59, pp. 16-29.
[3] Chimboza, D. and Mutandwa, E. (2007). Measuring the determinants of Brand Preferences in a Dairy Product Market, African Journal of Business Management, Vol. 1(9) pp 230-237
[4] Daily Mail Africa October (2007). A snapshot of Zimbabwean Dairy, Selling Milk at the Zimbabwean roadside. Dairy Produce and Marketing Levy Act, Chapter 18:09.
[5] Deliya, M and Parmar, B. (2012). "Role of Packaging on Consumer Buying Behavior – Patan District" Global Journal of Management and Business Research
[6] Kotler, P. and Keller, K. (2012). Marketing Management 14th Edition, Prentice Hall, New York
[7] Kotler, P., Ang, S.H., Leong, S.M., and Tan, C.T., (1996). Marketing Management: An Asian Perspective, Prentice-Hall, Singapore.
[8] Kupiec, B., and Revell, B., (2001). "Measuring consumer quality judgements", British Food Journal, 103, 1, 7-22. [9] Laforet, S. (2010). Managing brands: A contemporary Perspective; McGraw-Hill, London [10] Maloney, J. C. (2003). "The History and Significance of Military Packaging". Defence Packaging Policy Group. Defence Logistics Agency. Retrieved 7 June 2011.