iosr-JDMS   Volume-6 ~ Issue-5

Abstract: Solitary well differentiated papillary mesothelioma is an unusual variant of epithelial mesothelioma. Most of them exhibit either benign or indolent behavior. Making the differential diagnosis between this rare tumor and serous papillary carcinoma can be problematic. We report here a case of a 24 year-old unmarried female with a well differentiated papillary mesothelioma of peritoneal origin.

Key Words: Mesothelioma ; Ovary; well differentiated papillary mesothelioma

[1]. Daya D, McCaughey WT. Well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma of the peritoneum. A clinicopathologic study of 22 cases. Cancer 1990; 65: 292-6.
[2]. Goepel JR. Benign papillary mesothelioma of peritoneum: a histological, histochemical and ultrastructural study of six cases. Histopathology 1981; 5: 21-30.
[3]. Addis BJ, Fox H. Papillary mesothelioma of ovary. Histopathology 1983; 7: 287-98.
[4]. Alcantara Vazquez A, Oropeza Rechv G, Hernandez Gonzalez M, Rosales ML. Papillary mesothelioma of the ovarian surface. Presentation of a case. Ginecol Obstet Mex 1989; 57: 298-301.
[5]. Sane AC, Roggli VL. Curative resection of a well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma of the pericardium. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1995; 119: 266-7.
[6]. Chetty R. Well differentiated (benign) papillary mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis. J Clin Pathol 1992: 45: 1029-30.
[7]. Xiao SY, Rizzo P, Carbone M. Benign papillary mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis testis. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2000; 124: 143-7.
[8]. McCaughey WT. Papillary peritoneal neoplasms in females. Pathol Annu 1985; 20: 387-404.
[9]. Daya D, McCaughey WT. Pathology of the peritoneum: a review of selected topics. Semin Diagn Pathol 1991; 8: 277-89.
[10]. Andressen C, Blumcke I, Celio MR. Calcium-binding proteins: selective markers of nerve cells. Cell Tissue Res 1993; 271: 181-208.

Abstract: Statement of problem: Flexural strength is important in determining the strength of interim restorations and it is especially important in long span and long term interim restorations. Studies comparing the flexural strength of provisional restorative materials are limited and inconclusive. Aim: To compare the flexural strength of provisional restorative material fabricated using light polymerized composite resin, Urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) and auto polymerized resin, Poly Methyl Methacrylate (PMMA)

Keywords – Flexural strength, Provisional restoration, Polymethyl methaacrylate (PMMA), Urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA).

[1]. Francis.B.Robinson& Howijatra S. Marginal fit of direct temporary crowns. J.Prosthet Dent 1982; 47(4); 390-392.
[2]. Fedrik DR. The provisional fixed partial denture. J Prosthet Dent1975; 34:520-6
[3]. Fox CW, AbramsBL, & Doukoudakis. Provisional restoration for altered occlusion. J Prosthet Dent1984; 52:567-72.
[4]. Michele F. Ireland, Donna L. Dixon. In vitro mechanical property comparison of four resins used for fabrication of provisional fixed restorations. J Prosthet Dent 1998;80:158
[5]. Gegauff AG, Pryor HG. Fracture toughness of provisional resins for fixed. Prosthodontics. J Prosthet Dent 1987; 58:23-9.
[6]. David G. Gratton. Interim restorations. Dent Clin N Am 48 (2004) 487–497.
[7]. Grajower Z, Sharbani S, & Kaufmane. Temperature rise in pulp chamber during fabrication of temporary self-curing resin crowns. J.prosthet.dent: 1979; 41(5); 535-40.
[8]. Ireland MF, Dixon DL, Breeding LC, Ramp MH. In vitro mechanical property comparison of four resins used for fabrication of provisional fixed restorations. J Prosthet Dent 1998; 80:158 62.
[9]. Haddix JE.A technique for visible light cured provisional restorations.J Prosthet Dent 1988; 59:512-4.

Abstract: Bronchial artery embolization (BAE) is a well-established minimally invasive procedure in the management of moderate to massive and recurrent hemoptysis. The bronchial circulation aneurysms and dilatations are commonly responsible for the hemoptysis and have an easy approach through the descending aorta via the femoral or subclavian route by angiography. There are very few common complications associated with the procedure are recurrence of hemoptysis, chest pain, cough, dysphagia .Paraplegia secondary to embolization of the anterior spinal artery is a very rare but serious complication. Proper identification of the culprit bronchial vessel and pre-embolization study of its anastomosis are useful measures to minimize the chances of this dreaded complication.

Key Words: Bronchial artery embolization, Recurrent Hemoptysis, Paraplegia, Gel foam

[1]. Shahi N,Asanta-Siaw J and Marzouk JFK. Paraplegia following oesophagectomy BMJ Case Rep. 2010; 2010: bcr09.2009.2270. [2]. Cheshire WP, Santos CC, Massey EW, et al. Spinal cord infarction: etiology and outcome. Neurology1996; 47: 321–30. [PubMed] [3]. Kane RE. Neurologic deficit following epidural and spinal anesthesia. Anesth Analg 1981; 60: 150–614.

[4]. SkounJS,WainapelSF, WillockMM. Paraplegia following epidural anesthesia. Acta Neurol Scand1985;72:437-43. .[PubMed] [5]. Urquhuat-Hay D. Paraplegia following epidural analgesia. Anesthesiology 1969; 24: 461–70. .[PubMed]

[6]. Fernando HC,Stein M,Benfield JR,Link DP.Role of bronchial artery embolization in the management of hemoptysis.Arch Surg.1998;133:862-866

[7]. Vrachliolitis T,Sheiman RG.Treatment of massive hemoptysis with intrarterial thrombin injection of a bronchial artery.AJR Am J Roentgenol.2002;179:113-114

[8]. McPherson S, Routh W D, Nath H, Keller F S. Anomalous origin of bronchial arteries: potential pitfall of embolotherapy for hemoptysis. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 1990;1:86–88. [PubMed]

[9]. Sancho C, Escalante E, Dominguez J, et al. Embolization of bronchial arteries of anomalous origin. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 1998;21:300–304. [PubMed]

[10]. Ramakantan R, Bandekar V G, Gandhi M S, Aulakh B G, Deshmukh H L. Massive hemoptysis due to pulmonary tuberculosis: control with bronchial artery embolization. Radiology.1996;200:691–694. [PubMed]

Abstract: Background: Orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning requires the patient's history, extra and intra oral examination, analysis of diagnostic records comprising of orthodontic photographs, radiographs and study casts. Tooth-size is the sum of the mesio distal widths of the maxillary and mandibular teeth. For ideal occlusion, teeth in both arches should be proportional in size. Tooth size analysis was presented by Bolton in 1958. The ratio for anterior segment was derived to be 77.2±0.22% and 91.3±0.26% for the whole arch. Material And Methods: Cross sectional data was gathered from the study casts of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. 115 out of 160 study casts were filtered based upon the inclusion and exclusion criteria. ANB angle and Witt's appraisal were traced on corresponding lateral cephalograms. The mesio distal widths of all maxillary and mandibular teeth from right first molar to left first molar were calibrated with the use of a manual caliper. The readings were then used to compute the anterior and total Bolton ratios. Results: Significantly higher mean anterior tooth ratios were found for Class II (p<0.01) patients. All other ratios were within close range of Bolton's norms. Conclusions: Skeletal Class II patients showed a tendency towards higher mesiodistal widths of teeth in the mandibular anterior region.

Keywords: Bolton's norms, Interarch tooth size discrepancy, Skeletal Class I, II and III.

[1]. Bolton WA. Disharmony in tooth size and its relation to the analysis and treatment of malocclusion. Angle Orthod. 1958; 28:113–130.
[2]. Freeman JE, Maskeroni AJ, Lorton L. Frequency of Bolton tooth-size discrepancies among orthodontic patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1996;110:24–27.
[3]. Bernabe´ E, Major PW, Flores-Mir C. Tooth-width ratio discrepancies in a sample of Peruvian adolescents. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2004;125:361–365
[4]. Endo T, Abe R, Kuroki H, Oka K, Shimooka S. Tooth size discrepancies among different malocclusions in a Japanese orthodontic population. Angle Orthod. 2007;78:994–999.
[5]. Strujic M, Anic-Milosevic S, Mestrovic S, Slaj M. Tooth size discrepancy in orthodontic patients among different malocclusion groups. Eur J Orthod. 2009;31:584–589.
[6]. Othman SA, Harradine NW. Tooth size discrepancies in an orthodontic population. Angle Orthod. 2007;77:668–67
[7]. Araujo E, Souki M. Bolton anterior tooth size discrepancies among different malocclusion groups. Angle Orthod. 2003; 73:307–313.
[8]. Smith SS, Buschang PH, Watanabe E. Interarch tooth size relationships of 3 populations: ''does Bolton's analysis apply?'' Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2000;117:169–174.
[9]. Alkofide E, Hashim H. Intermaxillary tooth size discrepancies among different malocclusion classes: a comparative study. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2002;26:383–387.
[10]. Uysal T, Sari Z. Intermaxillary tooth size discrepancy and mesiodistal crown dimensions for a Turkish population.Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2005;128:226–230.

Abstract: The most frequent operations used for the regeneration of periodontal tissues are the flap operation, bone graft, guided tissue regeneration, and a combination of bone graft and guided tissue regeneration. In assessing the regenerated periodontal tissue, it is difficult to judge whether true regeneration has taken place without histological evaluation. The present study evaluated the clinical reliability and accuracy of bone probing measurements by transgingival probing and radiographic bone level by RVG in assessment of bone level by comparing those results with surgically confirmed bone levels. The study concluded that SBL provides actual bone level assessment but it requires surgical re-entry which might hamper wound healing and may also be inconvenient for the patients. Hence bone level measurement by transgingival probing which highly co-relates with bone levels measured surgically, is most reliable method for assessing bone levels before and after any surgical procedures.

Keywords - bone level, intrabony defect, radio visuo graph, stent, trans gingival probing.

[[1]. Kim HY, Yi SW, Choi SH, Kim CK. Bone probing measurement as a reliable evaluation of the bone level in periodontal defects. J Periodontol2000;71:729–735.
[2]. Renvert S, Badersten A, Nilveus R, Egelberg J. Healing after treatment of periodontal intraosseous defects. I. Comparative study of clinical methods. J Clin Periodontol 1981;8:387–399.
[3]. Greenberg J, Laster L, Listgarten MA. Transgingival probing as a potential estimator of alveolar bone level. J Periodontol 1976;47:514–517.
[4]. Isidor F. Clinical probing and radio-graphic assessment in relation to the histologic bone level at oral implants in monkeys. Clin Oral Implants Res 1997;8:255–264.
[5]. Mealey BL, Neubauer MF, Butzin CA,Waldrop TC. Use of furcal bone sounding to improve accuracy of furcation diagno-sis.J Periodontol 1994;65:649–657.
[6]. Suomi JD, Plumbo J, Barbano JP. A comparative study of radiographs and pocket measurements in periodontal dis-ease evaluation. J Periodontol 1968;39:311–315.
[7]. Ursell MJ. Relationships between alveolar bone levels measured at surgery, estimated by transgingival probing and clinical attachment level measurements. J Clin Periodontol1989;16:81–86.
[8]. Marshall-Day CD, Shourie KL. A roentogenographic survey of periodontal disease in India. J Am Dent Assoc 1949;39:572-588.
[9]. Ramfjord SP. Indices for prevalence and incidence of periodontal disease. J Periodontol 1959;30:51–59.
[10]. Burnett E W. Limitation of the roentgenogram in periodontal diagnosis. J Periodontol 1971;42:293–296.

Abstract: Dermatoglyphics is the collective name for all those integumentary features within the limits to be defined and it applies to the division of anatomy which includes their study. Diagnosis of many diseases which are genetically or non genetically determined like Diabetes mellitus, Schizophrenia, Hypertension, etc can now be aided by dermatoglyphic analysis. Oral submucous fibrosis is a chronic precancerous oral disease, specially seen in guthka chewers, but not all the gutkha chewers develops the disease or non gutkha chewers may also develop the disease. Genetic predisposition explains such individual variability. Such genetic predisposition can be explored with the help of dermatoglyphic studies.100 gutkha chewers with Oral Submucous fibrosis and 100 Gutkha chewers without Oral submucous fibrosis were selected for the study and their qualitative dermatoglypphic analysis with specific reference to finger tip patterns was carried out and was statistically analyzed. Some highly significant patterns were observed in patients with Oral submucous fibrosis.

Key Words- Dermatoglyphics, Oral submucous fibrosis, Gutkha Chewers, Finger Tip Patterns

[1] Cummins H, Midlo C. Finger Prints Palm and Sloe – An Introduction to Dermatoglyphics (Dover New York, 1961).

[2] Julian Verbov. Clinical significance and genetics of epidermal ridges – A review of Dermatoglyphics. Journal of investigative dermatology, 1979; 54; 261-271.

[3] Chowdhary ES. Busar RP. Dermatoglyphics study of Juvenile diabetes mellitus. Journal of Anatomical society of India April 1982, Vol 31 (1), Abstract No- 43.

[4] Shield J P H, Wadsworth E J K, Hobbs K, Baum JD. Dermatoglyphics, Fetal growth and insulin dependant diabetes in children under 5 years. Archives of diseases in childhood 1995; Vol 72 (2), 159-160.

[5] Francisco Paez, Rogelio Apiquian, Ana Fresan, Alberto Puig, Dela Orozco, Juan Ramon Humberto Nicoline. Dermatoglyphic study of positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Salaud Mental, 2004 vol. 24(1).

[6] Kulkarni D U , Herekar N G . Dermatoglyphics in essential hypertension in western Maharashtra population. Journal of anatomical society of India 2004-05. Vol. 54(2), Abstract no. 262.

[7] Pindborg JJ. Barmes D, Roed-Peterson B. Epidemiology and histology of oral leukoplakia and leukoedema among Papuans and new Guineans, Cancer 1968; 22: 379-84.

[8 ] WHO Meeting Report. Control of oral cancer in developing countries. WHO Bull 1984;62:617

[9] Jian XC, Liu SF, Shen ZH, Yang YH. Histomrphology of oral submucous Fibrosis, Report of 24 cases, Chinese Med J. 1988, 101; 505-9

[10] Reed T. Meier R. Taking Dermatoglyphic prints- A self instruction manual. (American Association of Dermatoglyphics, NY 1990).

Abstract: Complete traumatic protrusion of the globe is a rare event, and there are only a few reported cases in the literature. Complete globe protrusion post trauma may be associated with optic nerve avulsion where visual recovery is obviously not expected. We report a case of 9 year old boy who was a victim of bicycle accident with unilateral globe protrusion. Vision in the protrudedeye was reduced to perception of light with gross restriction of ocular movements. After repositioning the globe andtarsorrhaphy patient showed satisfactory visual and cosmetic improvement. Thus good visual recovery and ocular motility may be achieved by prompt and appropriate management in traumatic protruded globe.

Keywords- complete globe protrusion, trauma

[1]. Bajaj MS, Kedar S, Sethi A. Traumatic globe luxation with optic nerve transection. Orbit. 2000;19:165-70.

[2]. Unal S, Argin A, Arslan E, et al. Bilateral complete avulsion of ocular globes in a Le Fort III maxillofacial fracture: a case report and review of the literature. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2005;15:123-5.

[3]. Mailer CM. Avulsion of the inferior rectus. Can J Ophthalmol. 1974;9:262-6.

[4]. Kiratli H, Tümer B, Bilgic S. Management of traumatic luxation of the globe. A case report. Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 1999; 77:340-2.

[5]. Song A, Carter KD. Bilateral traumatic globe subluxation. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 2006;22:136–7.

[6]. Lelli GJ, Jr, Demirci H, Frueh BR. Avulsion of the optic nerve with luxation of the eye after motor vehicle accident. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 2007;23:158–60.

Abstract: Gum are pinkish brown coloured soft tissue holding the teeth in bony sockets by adhering them firmly through periodontal ligaments to periosteum . Gums are called basically gingiva and their inflammatory diseases are called gingivitis in general .Gum disease is an infection of the gum tissue that surrounds and supports the teeth. It is the major cause of tooth loss in later half of life as in adult as well as in elderly. In early stages it is called gingivitis and when gingivitis is not treated properly , it may advance to periodontitis because of nonspecific signs and symptoms to be noted by patients. Main reasons for ignorance about gum diseases in my opinion are following-

[1]. Hoovers, D.R., and Lefkowitz, W, : Fluctuation in marginal gingivitis . J. Periodontal . , 32: 310 , 1965
[2]. Baer , P.N : The case of Periodontitis as a clinical entity . J. Periodontal. , 42: 516 , 1971
[3]. Comar , M.D. , Kollar , J.D. and Gargiulo , A.W. , : Local irritation and occlusal trauma as a cofactor in the periodontal disease process J. Periodontal . , 40 : 193, 1969
[4]. Greenstein , P.G , Caton , J.P and Polson A.M : Histological characteristics associated with bleeding after probing and rituals signs of inflammation .J Periodontitis 52 : 420 , 1981
[5]. Source = Internet( http://www.google.co.in/ )

Abstract: Objective: Sino Nasal Outcome Test – 22 (SNOT-22) Questionnaire study was done to analyse the effectiveness of septoplasty surgery by noting the improvement of nasal symptoms & general quality of life(QOL) by means of SNOT-22 questionnaire given to patients before the surgery and 8 weeks after the surgery. Analysis of effectiveness of septoplasty is usually done by noting pre and post operative symptoms. Study Design; This is a prospective study and our data analysis consisted originally of 76 patients of which 70 patients answered the SNOT-22 questions both preoperatively and postoperatively. The age group of the patients was between 18 to 55 years. Results; 60 patients( 86% of the patients) who had mild to moderate symptoms(with SNOT-22 scoring < 40 points), and also young patients( <30 years) showed much improvement with the symptoms with relief from nasal obstruction after surgery. In the post operative SNOT- 22, the need to blow nose, sneezing, running nose, nasal obstruction, loss of smell or taste, post nasal discharge, facial pain/pressure, difficulty in falling asleep, waking up at night lack of good night's sleep, wake up tired, reduced productivity and embarrassed improved significantly. Conclusion: Evaluation of symptoms & findings in the patient is essential in deciding whether surgery or other treatment can be done in individual patient having nasal blockage symptoms. The results are encouraging us to use the systematic questionnaire (SNOT -22) to estimate the severity of symptoms in daily clinical practice.

Key Words: Health related quality of life, nose outcome, septum, SNOT -22.

[1] Van olphen AF (2008) The septum. In Scott- Brown's otorhinolaryngology. Head neck surg 2 : 1582-1588.
[2] Hytonen M, Blomgren K, lilja M et al (2006) How we do it: septoplasties under local anaesthetic are suitable for short stay surgery; the clinical outcomes. Clinical otolaryngol 31(1):64-68.
[3] Jessen M , Ivarson A, Malm L(1989) Nasal airway resistance and symptoms after functional septoplasty: comparison of findings at 9 months and 9 years. clinical otolaryngol allied Sci 14(3):231-234.
[4] Arunachalam PS, Kitcher E, Gray J et al(2001) Nasal septal surgery: evaluation of symptomatic and general health outcomes. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci 26(5):367-370.
[5] Gandomi B, Bayat A, Kazemei T(2010) Outcomes of septoplasty in young adults: the nasal obstruction septoplasty effectiveness study. Am J Otolaryngol 31(3):189-192.
[6] Calder NJ, Swan IR (2007) Outcomes of septal surgery, J laryngol Otol 121(11):1060-1063.
[7] Buckland JR, Thomas S, Harries PG(2003) Can the Sinonasal outcome test(SNOT-22) be used as a reliable outcome measure for successful septal surgery? Clinical Otolaryngol Allied Sci 28(1):43-47.
[8] Gillett S, Hopkins C, Slack R et al(2009) A pilot study of the SNOT-22 score in adults with no sinonasal disease. Clinical Otolaryngol 34(5):467-469.
[9] Hopkins C, Gillett S, Slack R et al (2009) Psychometric validity of the 22-item Sinonasal outcome Test.Clin Otolaryngol 34(5):447-454.
[10] Stewart MG, Smith TL, weaver EM et al (2004) Outcomes after nasal septoplasty: results from the nasal obstuction Septoplasty effectiveness(NOSE) study. Otolaryngol Head neck Surg 130(3):283-290

Abstract: Determination of sex of unknown skeleton remains is the Most important step in the identification process, Racial and regional differences in the populations create and maintain specificity in their dimorphic characteristics moreover considering continued secular changes in the population structure constant revision of osteomelric standards becomes mandatory, in order to establish osteometric standards for the femur of Maharashtraian populations, 200 adult femora of known sex (96-M; 104-F) were collected in the department of Anatomy of Padmashree Vithalrao Vikhe Patil medical college Ahmednagar's a total of six standard parameters were taken and analysed stastically, the accuracy of the Sex prediction ranged from 70.5% ti 83.6 % using Single Variables, the length, maximum diameter of head, miashaft circumference, maximum antesoposterior diameter of medial and lateral epicondyle and bicondylar width showed significant differences in male and female femora with accuracy of 90.2% the result clearly indicates the importance of these variables in identification of sex from femur.

Keywords– Femora, Sex Determination, Skeleton, condyle

[1]. Ingalls NM (1924). Studies on the femur. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol,7 : 207-55.
[2]. Singh IP and Bhasin MK(1989). Anthropometry, Kamala Raj Enterprises, Delhi.
[3]. Purkait R (2001). Review of Anthropometric techniques 123-29. In: Advances in Forensic Science. MK Bhasin and S Nath(Edn). University of Delhi, Delhi. MacLaughlin SM and Bruce MF (1985)
[4]. A simple univariate technique for determining sex from fragmentary femora: Its application to a Scottish short cist population, American Journal of Physical Anthropology 67: 281-88.
[5]. Singh,S.P and Singh,S (1972 A). The sexing of adult femora: Demarking points for Varanasi zone, Journal of the Indian Academy of Forensic Sciences, 11:1-6.
[6]. Singh SP and Singh S (1972B). Identification of sex from the head of the femur: The demarking points for Varanasi zone, Indian Medical Gazette 11:45-49.
[7]. Kate (1964). Journal of Anatomical Society of India(JASI) Dec. 81-84.

Abstract: The effect of two different laparoscopic methods on ovarian reserve as determined by antimullerian hormone(AMH), antral follicle count (AFC) and ovarian volume, in patients with ovarian endometrioma. Randomized prospective study done in tertiary education and research hospital (Shatby Alexandria university hospital) on one hundred patients presenting with ovarian endometrioma , AMH,AFC and ovarian volumes determined before and after laparoscopic surgery( postoperative first month, three months and sixth months); for two groups (Group1)cystectomy(stripping) and(Group2) bipolar coagulation performed randomly using closed envelope . The main concern was assessment of ovarian reserve damage as determined by AMH, AFC and ovarian volume, and comparing the AMH values with AMH nomogram. The results shows that, the decreases in AMH, AFC and ovarian volume were found for both coagulation and cystectomy, but the decrease was statistically significantly more frequent in cystectomized ovaries than in coagulated ovaries. Although this decrease AMH level still in normal percentile (25th-50th)as plotted to AMH nomogram (Nelson. AMH age nomogram).

Keywords: endometrioma, laparoscopic surgery, ovarian reserve.

[1] ACOG practice bulletin. Medical management of endometriosis. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2000;71:183–96.
[2] Busacca M, Vignali M. Ovarian endometriosis: from pathogenesis to surgical treatment. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2003;15:321–6.
[3] Speroff L, Fritz MA. Endometriosis. In: Clinical gynecologic endocrinology and infertility. 8th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2011:1221–48.
[4] Vercellini P, Fedele L, Aimi G, De Giorgi O, Consonni D, Crosignani PG. Reproductive performance, pain recurrence and disease relapse after conservative surgical treatment for endometriosis: the predictive value of the current classification system. Hum Reprod 2006;21:2679–85.
[5] Exacoustos C, Zupi E, Amadio A, Szabolcs B, De Vivo B, Marconi D, et al. Laparoscopic removal of endometriomas: sonographic evaluation of residual functioning ovarian tissue. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2004;191:68–72.
[6] Garcia-Velasco JA, Mahutte NG, Corona J, Zuniqa V, Giles J, Arici A, et al. Removal of endometriomas before in vitro fertilization does not improve fertility outcomes: a matched, case-control study. Fertil Steril 2004;81: 1194–7.
[7] Donnez J, Nisolle M, Gillet N, Smets M, Bassil S, Casanas-Roux F. Large ovarian endometriomas. Hum Reprod 1996;11:641–6.
[8] Donnez J, Lousse J-C, Jadoul P, Donnez O, Squifflet J. Laparoscopic management of endometriomas using a combined technique of excisional (cystectomy) and ablative surgery. Fertil Steril 2010;94:28–32.
[9] Loverno G, Nappi L, Mei L, Giacomoantonio L, Carrierpo C, Tartagni M. Evaluation of functional ovarian reserve in 60 patients. Reprod Biomed Online2003;7:200–4.
[10] Jayaprakasan K, Al-Hasie H, Jayaprakasan R, Campbell B, Hopkisson J, Johnson I, Raine- Fenning N. The three-dimensional ultrasonographic ovarian vascularity of women developing poor ovarian response during assisted reproduction treatment
and its predictive value. Fertil Steril 2009;92:1862–9.

Abstract: Cerebral ischemic stroke is a life threatening neurological disorder leads to mortality and long term disability in survival patients. Atherosclerosis is a common cause of ischemic strokes which inturn predisposes thromboembolism and than triggers thrombotic strokes or transient ischemic attacks. The atherogenic nature of homocysteine plays a vital role in the development of cardiac or cerebral ischemic strokes. The purpose of this case - control study was to corelate homocysteine in cerebral ischemic stroke patients.

Keywords: stroke, homocysteine, ischemia, thrombosis

[1] Hatano S. Experience from a multicentre stroke register: a preliminary report. Bull World Health Organ 1976; 54:541–553.

[2] Dalal PM. Strokes in young and elderly: risk factors and strategies for stroke prevention. J Assoc Phys India 1997;. 45:125-31.

[3] Itrat A, Ahmed B, Khan M, Muhammad M, Risk factor profiles of South Asians with cerebrovascular disease Int J Stroke. 2011 Aug;6(4):346-8.10.1111/j.1747-4949.2011.00622.x
[4] Qian Jia, MD, Liping Liu, MD, PhD, Yongjun Wang, Risk Factors and Prevention of Stroke in the Chinese Population: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases Volume 20, Issue 5, September–October 2011, Pages 395–400 [5] Baidarbhi Chakraborty, Gaurav Vishnoi, Binita Goswami, Lipoprotein(a), Ferritin, and Albumin in Acute Phase Reaction Predicts Severity and Mortality of Acute Ischemic Stroke in North Indian Patients: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases 2012.10.013,10.1016

[6] Bertsch T, Mielke O, Höly S, Zimmer W, Casarin W, Homocysteine in cerebrovascular disease: an independent risk factor for subcortical vascular encephalopathy:Clin Chem Lab Med. 2001 Aug;39(8):721- 4

[7] Abraham R, John MJ, Calton R, Dhanoa J. Raised serum homocysteine levels in patients of coronary artery disease and the effect of vitamin b12 and folate on its concentration. Indian Journal Of Clinical Biochemistry 2006;21(1):95-100.

[8] Elizabeth A. Varga, MS; Amy C. Sturm, MS; Caron P. Misita, PharmD;Stephan Moll, MD Homocysteine and MTHFR Mutations Relation to Thrombosis and Coronary Artery Disease Circulation. 2005; 111: e289-e293

[9] Hanke, Graeme J.; Eikelboom, John W: Homocysteine and stroke: Current Opinion in Neurology:February 2001 - Volume 14 - Issue 1 - pp 95-102

[10] Chambers JC, McGregor A, Jean-Marie J, Obeid OA, Kooner JS. Demonstration of rapid onset vascular endothelial dysfunction after hyperhomocysteinemia: an effect reversible with vitamin C therapy. Circulation.1999;99:1156-1160

Abstract: We are reporting an uncommon but preventable complication of an ectopic placement of gall stone after spillage following laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a 60yrs old patient who presented with an infraumblical discharging sinus over an old surgical scar. Ultrasonography showed thick walled parietal wall sinus tract at the scar site with minimal fluid collection with presence of a curvilinear hyper intense shadowing in fluid collection. On operation it was found that a large stone was present in the depth of sinus tract. This stone was lodged in a pocket in the preperitoneal space much below the umbilicus and not in any way near the lower extreme of falciform ligament.

Keywords: abdominal abscess , transdiaphramatic migration, discharging sinus/fistula

1] Bhatti CS, Tamijmarane A, Bramhall SR: A tale of three spilled gallstones: one liver mass and two abscesses. Dig Surg 2006, 23:198-200.
[2] Yadav RK, Yadav VS, Garg P, et al.: Gallstone expectoration following laparoscopic
[3] cholecystectomy. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci 2002, 44:133-135
[4] Hand AH, Self ML, Dunn E: Abdominal wall abscess formation two years after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. JSLS 2006, 10:105-107.
[5] Zorluog Lu A, O¨ zgu¨ c , H, Yilmazlar T, et al. Is it necessary to retrive dropped gallstones during laparoscopic cholecystectomy? Surg. Endosc. 1997;11:64-66
[6] Memon MA, Deeik RK, Mafii TR, et al. The outcome of unretrieved gallstones in the peritoneal cavity during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surg. Endosc. 1999; 13:848-857
[7] Tschmelitsch J, Glaser K, Klingler A, et al. Late complication caused by stone spillage during laparoscopic cholecystectomy [letter]. Lancet 1993; 342:369.
[8] Wilton PB, Andy OJ Jr, Peters JJ, et al. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Leave no (spilled) stone unturned [see comments]. Surg Endosc 1993; 7:537-538.
[9] Dreznik Z, Soper NJ . Trocar site abscess due to spilled gallstones: An unusual late complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surg Laparosc Endosc 1993; 3:223-224.
[10] Eldar S, Schein M. Discharge of a gallstone 1 year after laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (petter]. Arch Surg 1994; 12 9: 1105.

Abstract: Background: Avascular necrosis (AVN) head of femur is an extremely debilitating disease due to multifactorial etiology. We assessed the results of cemented total hip athroplasty in patients with idiopathic osteonecrosis of femoral head with collapse in elderly. Material and methods: A prospective randomized controlled study conducted in 100 patients with idiopathic AVN of the hip joint in elderly were treated with cemented total hip arthroplasty with an average of 6.2 years. 5 Harris hip scoring system was used for the functional scoring of the patients.6

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[6]. Harris LJH. Extensive exposure of the hip joint. Clin Ortho. 91;58:1973.
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Abstract: The present study looks at the prevalence of soil transmitted helminths among school children from a rural and a semi urban setting at the Nsukka region of Enugu State of Nigeria. Stool samples were collected randomly and examined by basic parasitological techniques for the presence of intestinal helminths. 255 samples were collected and examined. Of these, 116(45.5%) were infected with the results being statistically significant (P < 0.001). Ascaris lumbricoides was encountered in 46% of the infected specimens, hookworms in 23%, Trichuris trichuira in 9% and Strongyloides stercoralis in 11%. Samples from the group 2 pupils who were from the rural setting had the highest prevalence in worm infestation and the results were statistically significant (P < 0.05). With respect to age, of the 4 age groups involved in the study, the 8-10 years were found to be the most infected in both groups with 100% infection for the group 2 samples while the 14-16 were the least infected and the results are significant statistically.

Key Words: Helminthiasis, Intestinal helminths, Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, Trichuris trichuira, Strongyloides stercoralis.

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[5]. African Medical and Research Foundation, (AMREF), 2007. The child Health Course, Unit 15: Common Problems of the newborn, pp 1-27. [6]. Brooker S, Hotez PJ, Bundy DA (2008). Hookworm-Related Anaemia. Among Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review. PLoS. Negl. Trop. Dis. 2: e291.

[7]. Van Eijk AM, Lindblade KA, Odhiambo F (2009). Geohelminth Infections among Pregnant Women in Rural Western Kenya; a Cross-Sectional Study. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 3: e370.

[8]. Alemu A, Atnafu A, Addis Z, Shiferaw Y. Alemu et al. (2011). Soil transmitted helminths and Schistosoma mansoni infections among school children in zarima town, northwest Ethiopia. BMC Infectious Diseases 11:189.