iosr-JEEE   Volume-4 ~ Issue-3

Abstract: In the field of power electronics Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) inverters play a major role for DC to AC conversion. Space Vector Modulated PWM (SVPWM) is the popular PWM method and possibly the best among all the PWM techniques as it generates higher voltages with low THD and works very well with field oriented (vector control) schemes for motor control. Good quality output spectra can be obtained by eliminating several low order harmonics by adopting a suitable harmonic elimination. In this paper, the modeling, implementation and simulation of Hysteresis controlled SVPWM are defined. There is also a sort of technique defined for getting better response of space vector via a hysteresis filter, and to control of generating specific error free vectors from switching. Simulation results give the hope to further development of space vector technique in many control systems especially in this case an inverter.
Keywords – SVPWM (Space vector pulse width modulation), THD (Total harmonic distortion), Hysteresis curve, 3 phase inverter, Vector control.

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Abstract: This paper deals with the application of various evolutionary optimization techniques for optimizing the gain of integral controller in a SMES and SSSC based load following hydrothermal system under deregulated scenario. The various techniques which have been used are Simulated Annealing (SA), Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). A two area load following based hydrothermal system under deregulated scenario is considered to exemplify the optimum parameter search. The integral of square of error performance index is considered in the search of optimal Automatic Generation Control (AGC) parameters. The results presented in this paper demonstrate the superior working of various techniques over one another in the tuning of AGC parameters.
Keywords – Simulated Annealing, genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, hydrothermal system

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Abstract: Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO) in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems is generated partly by imperfections of the local oscillators (static CFO) and secondly, by the Doppler-effect (dynamic CFO). The aim of the present study is to investigate the impact of Doppler-effect on OFDM performances. A new expression of the global CFO is derived and Bit Error Rate performance is obtained by Monte-Carlo simulation.
Keywords – Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO), Dopplereffect, Inter Carriers Interferences (ICI), Carrier to Interferences Ratio (CIR).

[1] K.Kikuchi, ―Digital coherent optical communication systems: fundamental and future prospects‖, IEIEC Electronics Express, 8(20), 2011, 1642-1662.
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Abstract: The supercapacitor has been considered as a source of potential power. The charging of supercapacitor module has been established from photovoltaic module along with a constant voltage constant current converter to power Li-ion battery compatible systems. Fast charging feature of supercapacitors with a compatible photovoltaic module and a power converter is of great use in rural area, where grid power is not available, as a small community charging module can benefit multiple users. In this paper the charging of supercapacitor and discharging of it to a small electronic gadget has been considered.
Keywords – Buck converter, Charging, Discharging, Li-ion battery, Supercapacitor

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Abstract: A bridgeless power factor correction rectifier with boost converter is introduced. This converter substantially improves efficiency at low line of the universal-line range. By eliminating input bridge diodes during conduction, the proposed rectifier's efficiency is further improved. Moreover, the rectifier doubles its output voltage, which extends useful energy of the bulk capacitor after a dropout of the line voltage. Also second stage boost converter is included to maximize the output. The efficiency difference between low line and high line is less than 0.5% at full load. A second-stage half-bridge converter is also included to show that the combined power stages easily meet Climate Saver Computing Initiative Gold Standard.
Keywords – power factor (Pf), bridgeless rectifier, boost converter, phase difference.

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Abstract: The "multilevel converter" has drawn tremendous interest in the power industry. The general structure of the multilevel converter is to synthesize a sinusoidal voltage from several levels of voltages, Multilevel voltage source converters are emerging as a new breed of power converter options for high power applications, These converter topologies can generate high-quality voltage waveforms with power semiconductor switches operating at a frequency near the fundamental. Among the available multilevel converter topologies, the cascaded multilevel converter constitutes a promising alternative, providing a modular design that can be extended to allow a transformer less connection. This paper presents a three-phase, seven level cascaded multilevel voltage source inverter based DSTATCOM for power line conditioning to improve power quality in the distribution network. Finally a level shifted PWM (LSPWM) and phase shifted PWM (PSPWM) techniques are adopted to investigate the performance of CHB Inverter based DSTATCOM. The results are obtained through Mat lab / Simulink software package.
Keywords – DSTATCOM, Instantaneous power theory, Power quality, Triangular-sampling current modulator, Cascaded H- Bridge Multilevel Inverter

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Abstract: Multilevel inverter has emerged recently as a very important alternative in the area of high-power medium voltage energy control. This project present cascaded multi cell with separate DC sources. Multilevel inverters are promising they have nearly sinusoidal output-voltage waveforms, output with better harmonic profile, less stressing of electronic components. The conventional is a single-phase seven-level inverter for gridconnected photovoltaic systems, with a novel pulse width-modulated (PWM) control scheme .In a conventional paper to get the thirteen level inverter output voltage using a six full bridge cascaded type inverter with 24 switches .The inverter is capable of producing thirteen levels of output-voltage levels from the dc supply voltage. The proposed inverter system is capable of producing thirteen level of output voltage levels dc supply voltage by using three full bridge cascaded topology type inverter. In this project has used to three H-bridge inverter with different dc sources. The multi-level inverters promising the high performance with reduced EMI and harmonics. The proposed project is thirteen-level inverter was designed and results were also shown in the thesis.This project is focused on minimizing the number of semiconductors devices for a given number of levels.
Keywords – Inverter, electrical drives, cascaded, high power, multilevel inverter, reliability.

[1] Cecati.C, F. Ciancetta, and P. Siano, "A multilevel inverter for photovoltaic systems with fuzzy logic control," IEEE Trans. Ind.
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inverters," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 56, no. 5, pp. 1718–1726, May 2009.
[4] Leon J.I., S. Vazquez, S. Kouro, L. G. Franquelo, J. M. Carrasco, and J. Rodriguez, "Unidimensional modulation technique for
cascaded multilevel converters," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 1058– 1064, Oct. 2002.
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[6] Rahim N.A. and J. Selvaraj, "Multi-string five-level inverter with novel PWM control scheme for PV application," IEEE Trans. Ind.
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hybrid electric vehicles," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 1058–1064, Oct. 2002.