Version-1 (Nov-Dec-2013)
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Geophysical Investigation for Engineering Site Development around Galadimawa-Aleita Area, Abuja, North Central Nigeria |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Longpia, C. B., Ashano E. C., Pam B. G. |
 |
: | 10.9790/0990-0160111  |
Abstract: Fifty five (55) geo-electric resistivity soundings (VES) were carried out in profiles at interval of 250m and station interval of 200m around Galadimawa-Aleita area, Abuja in an attempt to have some detailed geotechnical information for planning purposes as regards infrastructural development which include buildings, roads, bridges and water supply through groundwater resources.The computer aided VES data interpretation enabled the determination and delineation of geo-electric layers and structures that have significance in infrastructural development and water supply.Geo-electric sections revealed 3-4 geo-electric layers/lithologic units of topsoil, laterite, weathered basement and resistive bedrock and are characterised by resistivity values of 122 to 600 ohm-m, 800 to 3385 ohm-m, < 100 to 5000 ohm-m and 120 ohm-m to infinity respectively. Variable thicknesses of 0.8 to 8m, 0.1-1m, and 4-8m were recognized for topsoil, laterite and weathered basement respectively. Depth to bedrock is variable from 0.8-24m across the area.Fractures were identified across the area with complex and major deformation around the central area, near the two abandoned quarries. These quarries were submerged by water issuing out of the sub-surface fault system which led to their abandonment by the quarry operators.The study revealed that overburden materials overlying bedrock are thin and characterized by minor and major fracturation which are significant in infrastructural development planning.
Keywords: Geophysical investigation, geotechnical planning, infrastructural development, Galadimawa-Aleita area, Abuja.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Using Rational Polynomial Functions for rectification of GeoEye-1 imagery |
| Country | : | Italy |
| Authors | : | Pasquale Maglione, Claudio Parente, Andrea Vallario |
|
: | 10.9790/0990-0161217 |
Abstract: GeoEye-1 panchromatic images (geometric resolution: 0.5 m) can be rectified using Rational Polynomial Functions (RPFs) without knowledge of the full sensor information: rectification is conducted using
DEM (Digital Elevation Model) of the area as well as Ground Control Points (GCPs) of which both elevation
and X,Y position must be known. Check Points (CPs) with the same characteristics of GCPs (but not coincident
with them) are used to verify the accuracy of the product. For both GCPs and CPs coordinates can be not only
obtained with survey, but also derived from detailed maps or orthophotos (scale 1:5,000 or greater). In this
paper methods to rectify GeoEye-1 images using orthophotos (scale 1:2,000) for GCPs and CPs detection are
considered, with particular attention to achieved positional accuracy. The research is performed on GeoEye-1
panchromatic image of an area in Campania region (Italy) around the mouth of Volturno river and Domitian
coast: differences between the coordinates of GCPs (as well as of the Check Points) on the ortophotos and the
corresponding values on the rectified image are calculated and analyzed to define quality of resulting product.
The variability of results in relation to the number of GCPs is analysed, also considering possibilities to use
additional information that is usually supplied by providers with Rational Polynomial Coefficients (RPCs).
Keywords: GeoEye-1 imagery, rectification, RPFs, RPCs, GCPs, CPs.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Geology and Gold Mineralization around Kutcheri, northwestern Nigeria |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Amuda, A.K., Danbatta, U.A., Najime, T. |
|
: | 10.9790/0990-0161824 |
Abstract: The study area predominantly consists of metasediments, porphyritic granites with minor amphibolite dykes, quartz vein and quartzofeldspathic intrusions. The metasediments are fractured and folded in places. The dominant fold axes and quartz vein intrusions trend NNE-SSW parallel to the regional foliation of the rocks. Artisanal mining of placer gold mineralization were documented around the banks of Rivers in northwestern part of the study area. Panning of 40kg sediments from pits in the area around Gidan Boss and Dutsen Burka yields 0.28g Au. Grain morphology shows both eluvial and alluvial deposits occur. The eluvial gold are presumed to occur within steeply dipping (70° E and above) quartz veins. Geochemical analysis of 13 quartz vein samples to characterize samples enriched with target (Au) and some pathfinder elements (Pb, Hg, Cu, Ag and Zn) above background levels were carried out. The concentration in ppm had Au (< 1-4.8) and others, Pb (<1-28), Hg (<0.5), Cu (6.2 to 61.4), Ag (<0.5) and Zn (8.8 to 39). There is no significant difference between concentration of analytes in Dutsen Burka and Gidan Boss at α = 0.05. Also, strong positive correlation between Au and Cu, Au and Pb confirms they are indicator elements for Au in the area.
Keywords: correlation, fold axes, geochemical analysis, pathfinder and target elements, placer gold.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Food Price Volatility: Causes & Challenges |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | M. J. Patel |
|
: | 10.9790/0990-0162534 |
Abstract: After independence of INDIA, PAKISTAN & BANGLADESH, minimum wage in 1947, was at par and corresponding exchange rate was also at par with that of US Dollar. Countries, simultaneously, created with all kinds of similarities, after 65 years, exhibit large variations in monetary considerations and exchange rate in India at Rs.62.40/US$, in Bangladesh exchange rate at BDT 78/US$ and in Pakistan exchange rate at Rs.108/US$. Neighbours use trade policy and raise minimum wage to insulate their domestic food price. Natural conclusion is that rise in ratio of minimum wage drags exchange rate with respect to that of trading partners. This behaviour raises volatility of food price across neighbours. Because insulation policy exports volatility elsewhere. Comparison between peer States becomes easier and may not require any empirical test proof for natural conclusions. This paper emphasises synchronising, across neighbours & globally, up-rating minimum wage to contain food price volatility.
Keywords: Food Price Volatility, Minimum Wage, Exchange Rate, Minimum Wage drags Exchange Rate.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Nonlinear Correlation analysis between Surface Resistivity and Hydraulic Characteristics of the Kabatini Well Field, Upper Lake Nakuru Basin, Kenya Rift |
| Country | : | Kenya |
| Authors | : | B. Sosi, E. Cheboi, C. Simiyu |
|
: | 10.9790/0990-0163545 |
Abstract: The purpose of the study was to find and examine correlation relationships between field-scale hydraulic parameters and pore-scale geo-electrical parameter controlling groundwater occurrence in Kabatini aquifer of Upper Lake Nakuru Basin, Kenya. The study has taken under consideration priori published resistivity sounding and hydrological parameters and depth of water table from drill siteswhich is used to constrain ambiguity of interpretation.
An attempt has been made to derive general functional relationships between hydraulic parameters and geo-electric property of the aquifer.The observed hydraulic data from pumping test is correlated non-linearly with aquifer electrical resistivity. The formation resistivity factor was found vary partially with pore volume and pore surface distribution. Porosity as a function of aquifer resistivity was best defined by a negative power law function, whereas transmissivity dependence on resistivity was found to bear a positive power law. The aquifer parameters information thus obtained from resistivitysounding and pumpingtest data can be used for optimal management and assessment of groundwater resources.
Keywords: Geo-electric resistivity, Hydraulic characteristics, Nonlinear Correlation Analysis,Pumping test.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | A Geophysical Investigation for Subsurface Characterization and Structural failure at the Site of a Building, Southwestern Nigeria |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Ibitoye, F. P., J. S. Ojo, O. J. Akintorinwa, M. O. Olorunfemi, A. A. Adepelumi, K. J. Akinluwade, A. T. Taiwo, D. A. Isadare, A. R. Adetunji |
|
: | 10.9790/0990-0164652 |
Abstract: This study reports a geophysical survey involving the electrical resistivity method utilizing the Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) and Electrical Imaging techniques conducted around the distressed walls of a School building with the aim of studying the causes of distress in the walls and characterizing the soil conditions of the area. A total of 20 Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) stations were occupied using Schlumberger Configuration with AB/2 varying from 1 to 65 m. In the electrical imaging, dipole-dipole array was adopted and the two traverses were occupied in the S-N and E-W directions close to where the wall cracks were manifested. Four geoelectric sequences were delineated within the study area. These include the topsoil, weathered layer, partially weathered/fractured basement and fresh basement. Two linear features (suspected fault) were identified by the electrical imaging on bedrock along the S-N direction. Results identified differential settlement resulting from incompetent subsoil materials and faulted bedrock as possible failure cause. Keywords: Foundation, migmatite, faulted bedrock, fractures, structure
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | A Study of Petro chemistry and Geology of Granites of Jalore, Rajasthan |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Dr. Anil Kumar Yadav |
|
: | 10.9790/0990-01065360 |
Abstract: A significant dimensional and ornamental stone is granite. Granite is the most sought after stone to be utilized as a building as well as decorative stone since it is more resistant to wear and strain as well as weathering. Large granite reserves of numerous types are abundant in Rajasthan, and they are dispersed throughout the state 's 23 districts. The state's top commercial granite producers are the Jalore and Barmer areas. These districts' granites are Neoproterozoic in age. The granites in the region exhibit a vast range of color, texture, and composition. Potash feldspar (orthocl ase or microcline), quartz, and plagioclase are the primary minerals found in the granites of the region. Hornblende, reibeckite, biotite, aegirine, muscovite, apatite, zircon, and opaques are examples of accessory minerals. Chlorite and sericite are consi dered secondary minerals. Granites of both the subsolvus and hypersolvus categories are present, according to the mineralogy of the local granites. But most granites are subsolvus, or two feldspar granites.
Keywords: Granites, Commercial producer, subsolvu s, Feldspar etc.
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