IOSR-JAVS   Volume-12 ~ Issue-4 ~ APRIL-2019

ABSTRACT: Poor reproductive performance is a major constraint for increased production of buffaloes all around the world indicating that profitability of buffalo farming is more or less directly related to the reproductive performance of the animals. To have a breakthrough in changing the present scenario, improved reproductive management practices is necessary for developing buffalo production to a satisfactory level. This study evaluated to know the reproductive performance and management given to non-descriptive buffaloes of Bangladesh reared under subsistence farming at certain coastal areas covering all upazillas of Patuakhali district. Data on reproductive parameters and management given to 150 buffaloes were collected by personal interviewing of selected farmers using pre-tested questionnaires.The reproductive parameters evaluated were found to be: age at first service........

Keywords: Bangladesh, buffalo, coastal area, reproductive performance, subsistence farming

[1]. Agarwal, SK, Singh, SK, Rajkumar, R (2005). Reproductive disorders and their management in cattle and buffalo: A review. Indian J. Animal Sci. 75(7): 858-873.
[2]. Brar, PS, and Nanda, AS (2004). Impact of conventional managemental practices on reproductive performance of rural buffaloes. Indian J. Animal Reproduction. 25(2): 94.
[3]. Dhaka, BL, Meena, GS, Meena, NL (2017). Reproductive performance of buffalos under field conditions in Bundi district of Rajasthan, India. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci. 6(4): 595-599.
[4]. El-Kirabi, E (1995). Buffalo population and production in Egypt. Buffalo Newsletter. 3:8.
[5]. FAO (2014). FAOSTAT Database. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. Available at: http://faostat.fao.org/.

ABSTRACT: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), is a chronic idiopathic inflammatory condition affecting gastrointestinal tract that includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) and resulted in many hazards for patients. Aspergillus awamori is a fungus that has long been used for food processing earlier and has been reported that Aspergillus provides beneficial effects on a host's health by affecting the host's intestinal microflora especially on a reduction in the risk of gastrointestinal disease. Therefore, identifying new antioxidants, such as A. awamori.........

Keywords: IBD; ulcerative colitis, acetic acid, Aspergillus awamori, TNF-α, SOD,GPx

[1]. Ardizzone S. and Bianchi Porro G. (2005). Biologic therapy for inflammatory bowel disease Drugs ;65:2253–2286.
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[3]. Baumgart D.C. and Carding S.R. (2007). Inflammatory bowel disease: cause and immunobiology. The Lancet, 369(9573): 1627-1640.
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[5]. Buege J.A. and Aust S.D. (1978). [30] Microsomal lipid peroxidation. Methods in enzymology. Elsevier. Pp. 302-310..

ABSTRACT: An experiment was carried out in the vegetables fields , College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences , University of Baghdad , Al-Jadriya in fall season 2017-2018 to study adding of humic acid and phosphate fertilizer levels on growth and yield of lettuce , sky cv. Experiment was included nine treatments of interaction between three levels of humic acid adding to soil preplanting 0 , 5 , 10 kg.ha-1 ( H0 , H1 , H2 respectively ) and three levels of phosphate fertilizer 0 , 120 , 180 kg.ha-1 ( P0 , p1 , p2 respectively ) . Factorial experiment was adopted according to RCBD with three replicates. Results showed interaction treatment H2P2 was Superior in plant height ( 39.80cm) and greatest of leaves number ( 78.70 leaf . plant -1 ) and highest of dry weight of leaves ( 40.20 g.plant-1 ) and greatest of head weight and total yield ( 1015.20 g and 67.0 ton.ha-1 ) . The suggestion adding 10 kg,ha -1 humic acid preplanting and triple super phosphate at 180 kg.ha-1 resulted in highest vegetative growth and yield of lettuce . * GraduationResearch Project

[1]. Abo Dahi , Y and M.A.Al-younes . 1988 . Guide of plant nutrition. Ministry of higher Education and Scientific Research.University of Baghdad.
[2]. Al-Bahash , N and S.Abdol-Khefor – 1984 . Effect of fertilizing with nitrogen , phosphorus and potassium on growth and yield of lettuce . J .Agri . Res and water resources 3(1) : 63 – 68 .
[3]. Ali , N.S. 2012 . Fertilizers technology and it's uses . Al-Dar Al-Jamaia for printing and publishing . Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research . University of Baghdad .
[4]. Al-Khaffaji ., H.J.A. and S.A.AL-Khemissi . 2012 . Statistical procedure for Agricultural Research . Al- falah Publication and Distribution .Amman . Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan .
[5]. Arnout , V.D . 2001 . Yield and growth components of potato and wheat under organic nitrogen management . J. Agronomy .93 : 1370 – 1380 .

ABSTRACT: Poultry development plays a crucial role in increasing egg and chicken meat production. Poultry rearing provides income and employment to large number of people. The objective of this investigation is to determine the performance of broiler chicken when fed with diets containing different combinations of energy and protein. Total of 200 (day-old chicken) broiler chickens of a commercial strain randomly selected for three different experiments and feeding with experimental rations. The birds rearing period was 6 weeks, the live body weight performance and health condition were measured by weekly.........

Keywords: Broiler, protein, energy, growth.

[1]. Aftab, U, M. Ashraf, Z. Jiang. 2006 - Low protein diets for broilers, world Poultry. Sci. J., 62: 688 – 701.
[2]. Ammerman CB (1995). Methods for Estimation of Mineral Bioavailability. In: Bioavailability of Nutrients for Animals: Amino Acids, Minerals and Vitamins,
[3]. AOAC. 2005. Official Method of Analysis of Association of Official Analytical Chemists International (18th ed.), Washington D.C.
[4]. Cromwell, G.L., V.W. Hays, V. TrujiloFigueroa, and J.D. Kemp. 1978 - Effects of dietary protein and energy levels for growing-finishing swine on performance, muscle composition, and eating quality of pork. J. Anim. Sci. 47:505-513. G
[5]. Dairo F. A. S., A. O. K. Adesehinwa; T. A. Oluwasola; and J. A. Oluyemi. 2010 - High and low dietary energy and protein levels for broiler chickens. African Journal of Agricultural Research Vol.

ABSTRACT: The long-term objective of this study is to obtain effective and efficient and environmentally friendly control methods that can be applied to cocoa farmers throughout Indonesia in general and especially cocoa farmers in Aceh Province. The research methods include exploration methods and descriptions and experimental methods in the laboratory and in the field. Detection, isolation, identification and molecular characterization of P. palmivora pathogens and bio-control agent rhizobacteria, study the mechanism of action of agents through physiological approaches and biochemical metabolic analysis of bio-control agents using exploratory methods and descriptions.........

Keywords: Agent, bio-control, biological, cocoa, rhizobacteria

[1]. Ministry of Industry. 2007. Overview of the Cocoa Industry. Ministry of Industry, Jakarta. Page. 5-8.
[2]. Corley, R.H. 1988. Potential productivity of tropical perennial crps. Exptl. Agric. 19:217-237.
[3]. Indonesian Plantation Statistics. 2017. Aceh Province in 2017 Figures.
[4]. Rosmana, A,. Waniada, C,. Junaid, M., & Grassa, A. 2010. The role of ants Iridomyrmex cordatus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in transmitting rotten pathogens of the fruit Phytophthora palmivora. Pelita Perkebunan. 26 (3): 169-176.
[5]. Bowers, J.H., Bailey, BA, Hebbar, P.K., Sanogo, S., & Lumsden, R.D. 2001. The impact of plant diseases on world chocolate production. Plant Health Progress, doi: 10.1094/PHP-2001-0709-01-RV.

ABSTRACT: In Kenya, over the past four decades there has been inadequate access to agricultural land and a decline in the average farm sizes leading to over sub-division of land into uneconomic units and low productivity. Agricultural land use practices such as cultivation of crops and rearing of livestock influences food security at household level. For example, most high agricultural potential regions in Kenya such as Bureti have exceeded their population density and have been associated with sharp decline in farm productivity, total household income and asset wealth. The study focused on changes on household agricultural land use practises between 2005 and 2015 in Bureti.........

Keywords: Household, Agricultural land use, Recent changes

[1]. Nyoro J. and Jayne S. (2004). Trends in Regional Agricultural Productivity in Kenya
[2]. Kenya Land Alliance (2015). Land Use in Kenya: The case for a national land-use policy Kiio and Achola (2015)
[3]. Government of Kenya/UNEP (2001). Devastating Drought in Kenya: Environmental Impacts and responses.
[4]. Waithaka E. (2014). Land use land cover changes and implications for food production: A case study of Keumbu Region Kisii County, Kenya.
[5]. Houghton A. (1994). The Worldwide Extent of Land Use changes Bio Science, Vol.44, No. 5, Global Impact of Land Cover Change.

ABSTRACT: Descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted to provide quantitative information on the current status of chia cultivation in Nyeri County. This aimed at assessing the opportunities and challenges in chia cultivation in Nyeri County, Kenya. It involved the systematic collection and presentation of data to give a clear picture of awareness, knowledge, attitude and practices (AKAP) of the selected population. This was done as the preliminaries to promotion of chia cultivation and value chain development in the region. Having the beneficiaries participate in the assessment of needs and identification of problems to be addressed helps to accommodate their information, experience and analysis therefore making them actual creators of change and progress. This will result.........

Keywords: Chia, Economic, Health, Nutrition

[1]. Ciftci, O. N., Przybylski, R., &Rudzińska, M. (2012). Lipid components of flax, perilla, and chia seeds. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 114(7), 794-800.

[2]. Ixtaina, V. Y., Nolasco, S. M., & Tomas, M. C. (2008). Physical properties of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seeds. Industrial crops and products, 28(3), 286-293.

[3]. Jamboonsri, W., Phillips, T. D., Geneve, R. L., Cahill, J. P., & Hildebrand, D. F. (2012).

[4]. Extending the range of an ancient crop, Salvia hispanica L.—a new ω3 source. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 59(2), 171-178.

[5]. Mugenda, A. (2003). Research methods Quantitative and qualitative approaches by Mugenda. Nairobi, Kenya. [6]. Peiretti, P. G., &Gai, F. (2009). Fatty acid and nutritive quality of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seeds and plant during growth. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 148(2-4), 267-275..

ABSTRACT: Field experiment was conducted at the orchard of the Department of Crop Production Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Bali; to determine the performance of two varietiesof maize (Evat/99/SRT-W and SAM-MAZ-15) as influenced by plant spacing. Bali Local Government Area is locatedwithin Guinea Savanna eco-logical zone of Nigeria. The study area is located within latitudes 7° 12´ N to 9° 00´ N of the equator and longi-tude 10° 00´ E to12° 00´ E of the Meridian and lies within Guinea Savanna ecological zone of Nigeria (Rajab et al., 2014). The annual rainfall ranges.........

Keywords: maize variety, performance, spacing, influence, ecological zone.

[1]. 3G E-learning (2014). Agricultural Production. UAE, Replica Press Pvt Ltd. ISBN: 978-93-5115-224-8.
[2]. Barr R.L., Mason S.C., Novacek M.J., Wortmann C.S. and Rees J.M., (2013). Row Spacing and Seeding Rate Recommendations for Corn in Nebraska. NebGuide.
[3]. Dada F.A.O., Garba M.J., Ijeoma A. (2006). Macmillan Nigeria Secondary Atlas. Macmillan Publishers Ltd. ISBN 978-978-081-355-4. Pp 22-25.
[4]. Fanadzo M., Mashingaidze A.B. and Nyakanda C. (2007). Narrow Rows and High Maize Densities Decrease Maize Grain Yield but Suppress Weeds Under Dry Land Conditions in Zimbabwe. Journal of Agronomy, vol. 6: 566-570.
[5]. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), (2000). Fertilizers and their Use. National Program for Food Security. Fourth Edition. Rome. International Fertilizer Industry Association. P.23..

ABSTRACT: gelatin source can be obtained from fish skin,scale or bone. Fish gelatin can be an alternative to mammalian gelatin for use in food, photography and pharmaceutical industries. The objective of this study is to know amino acid content of gelatin from Ephinephelus sp. (Carp). Gelatin extracted by citrid acid with concentration 0,5%; 1% and 1,5%, with physco-chemical characteristic were studied. Gelatin with 1% concentration has the best results based on phsyco-chemical characteristic which yield, proximate analysis, pH, viscosity, gel strength and amino acid content. Glycine and prolin being the most dominant component that are important for gelatin for gel strength as physical properties.

Keywords: Amino Acid, Collagen, Ephinephelus sp., Fish skin, Gelatin

[1]. Suryanti, S., D.W.Marseno., R. Indrati and H.E. Irianto, Pengaruh jenis asam dan isolasi gelatin dari kulit ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) terhadap karakteristik emulsi, Jurnal AGRITECH, 37(4), 2017, 410-419.
[2]. Suprayitno, E. and T.D. Sulistiyati, metabolisme protein (UB Press, Malang, 2017).
[3]. Peranginangin, R., N. Haq., W.F. Ma'ruf and A. Rusli, Ekstraksi gelatin dari kulit ikan patin (Pangasius hypopthalamus) secara proses asam, Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia, 10 (3), 2017, 75-84.
[4]. Pertiwi, M., Y. Atma., A.Z. Mustopa and R. Maisarah, Karakteristik Fisik dan Kimia Gelatin dari Tulang Ikan Patin dengan Pre-Treatment Asam Sitrat. Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan, 7 (2), 2018, 83-91.
[5]. Santoso, C., T. Surti and Sumardianto, Perbedaan penggunaan konsentrasi larutan asam sitrat dalam pembuatan gelatin tulang rawan ikan pari mondol (Himantura gerradi), Jurnal Pengolahan dan Bioteknologi Hasil Perikanan. 4 (2), 2015, 106-114.

ABSTRACT: Watermelon Citrullus lanatus (Thunb) is a fruit vegetable grown predominantly in the North West Region (NWR) and West Region (WR), both located in the western highland agricultural zones of Cameroon. This industry has a potential in the South West Region (SWR), located in the humid rainforest agriculture zone of the country, although yet to be well established. This study examined the activities of small-scale watermelon farmers in Santa (a rural community in the NWR) and in Buea (a peri-urban community in the SWR). A structured questionnaire and regular farm visits at daily intervals were done to elucidate knowledge gaps and lessons for improving watermelon production in Buea. The study lasted for 3 months (from March to May, 2015). Fifty farmers from each community.........

Keywords: agrochemicals, Buea, Cameroon, Santa, watermelon, women, youth

[1]. J.H Cane. Pollinating bees (Hymenoptera, Apiforms) of US alfalfa compared for rate of pod and seed set. Journal of Economic Entomology, 95(1), 2002, 22-27.
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[5]. N Perkins-Veazie. Search of High Lycophene watermelon USDA-ARS, South Central Agricultural Research Centre lane. Rice farmer's knowledge about the effects of pesticides on environmental pollution in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Research Publication Journal. 3(4), 2001, 1214 – 1227..

ABSTRACT: Drum fishing trap was studied in the Nun River, Bayelsa state between January and June, 2018 to determine the mode of construction, fish species composition, most preferred bait and most dominant fish species caught by the Drum trap. Three sampling stations were selected based on the fishing activities of the fishers. A Completely Randomized Design was adopted with three traps in each station resulting to 9 traps. The 9 traps were set baited with life-fish, groundnut cake and a control set of traps without bait. Traps were set and retrieved after 120 hours thereafter fish caught were sorted, counted and identified into their respective families and species levels using standard...........

Keywords: Drum Trap, Fisheries and Nun River

[1]. Adimula, A. B. (2003). Comparison of catch efficiency and selectivity of entangling nets: Gillnets and Trammel nets in Lake Kainji, Nigeria. M.Tech. Thesis submitted to the Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, 101p.
[2]. Ahmed, Y.B., Ipinjolu, J.K. and Hassan, W.A. (2005). Catch composition of gillnets and baited longlines in the Southern basin of Lake Kainji, Nigeria. In: E.J. Ansa, P.E. Anyanwu, B.W. Ayonoadu, E.S. Erondu and S.N. Deekae (Eds.). Proceedings of the 20th Annual Conference of the Fisheries Society of Nigeria (FISON), 14th – 18th November, Port Harcourt. Pp. 350 – 360.
[3]. Agbelege, O. O. and Ipinjolu, J. K. (2001). An assessment of the exploitation and management techniques of the fisheries resources in the Nigeria portion of Lake Chad. Journal of Arid Zone Fisheries, 1:89-98.
[4]. Anwa-Udondiah, E. P., Anyanwu, P. E. and Akintayo, I. A. (2013). Efficiency of different traps for silver catfish fishery and its aquaculture implications in the face of climate change. In: P. E. Ndimele (Ed.). Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference of the Fisheries Society of Nigeria (FISON), 25th-29th, Novermber, Abuja. Pp. 137-139.
[5]. Balogun, J. K. (2006). Basic Fisheries Biology and Management for Tertiary Institutions. Ayo – Sule (Nig) printers and publishers, Zaria. 88p..

ABSTRACT: NE=Necrotic Enteritis, C. perfringens= Clostridium perfringens, BW=Body weight, BWG= Body weight gain, FCR= Feed conversion ratio, FI=Feed intake, GIT=Gastrointestinal tract, AGP=Antibiotic growth promoters, PBS= Phosphate buffered saline, PC=Positive control, NC=Negative control, A group=Prophylactic group, B group=Therapeutic group, VH/CD ratio=Villi Hight/ Crypt Depth ratio. Abstract: One day-old male Arbor Acres plus broiler chickens (n=240) were used to study the effects of bovine IgG-rich fraction preparation (intramuscularly inoculated) on mortality, production performance, gut integrity (Histomorphometric analysis...........

Keywords: Bovine IgG-rich fraction, Broiler chickens, Performance, Gut integrity, NE, C. perfringens

[1]. An MJ, Cheon JH, Kim SW, Park JJ, Moon CM, Han SY, et al. Bovine colostruminhibits nuclear factor kappaB-mediated proinflammatory cytokine expression in intestinal epithelial cells. Nutr Res. (2009) 29:275–80. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2009.03.011 [2]. Awaad M. H. H, A. M. Atta, M. A. Elmenawey, H. B.Gharib, Wafaa A. Abd El-Ghany and A. A. Nada (2013). The effect of a combination of β(1-3) D-Glucan and Propionibacterium granulosum on productive performance and immune modulation of immunocompromised and non-immunocompromised broiler chickens doi:10.5455/vetworld.2013.31-38.
[3]. Awaad M. H. H., A. G. Hegazi, Laila Ali and M. A. Kutat (1992). The effect of prepared immunoglobulins rich fractions against experimental Escherichia coli infection in chickens.Vet. Med J., vol. 40, No. 3, 29-35 (1992).
[4]. Awaad M. H. H., M. Elmenawey, B. Shalaby, F. F. Mohamed, A. M. Nada, H. Salem, E. A. Morsy and S. Lopez (2019). Opposing of Necrotic Enteritis by Phytonutrients and/or Acidifiers in Broiler Chickens IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Ve terinary Science (IOSR-JAVS) e-ISSN: 2319-2380, p-ISSN: 2319-2372. Volume 12, Issue 3 Ser. I (March 2019), PP 12-21 www.iosrjournals.org.
[5]. Awaad M.H.H., A.M. Atta, M. Elmenawey, B. Shalaby, G.A. Abdelaleem1, K. Madian1, K. Ahmed, D. Marzin, G. Benzoni and D.K. Iskander (2011). Effect of Acidifiers on Gastrointestinal Tract Integrity, Zootechnical Performance and Colonization of Clostridium Perfringens and Aerobic Bacteria in Broiler Chickens. Journal of American Science, 2011; 7(4):618-628.http://www.americanscience.org..

ABSTRACT: A preliminary survey was conducted in 15 fish markets of Dhaka city to determine the consumer behavior and market infrastructure and facilities. The survey revealed that most of the consumers (40.2%) preferred to consume fish daily and Rohu (Labeo rohita) was the most preferable fish species. Also, most of the consumers (47.8%) used to spend BDT 500-800 for buying fish in a week and they opted to buy fish which were caught from pond and fish farm and fish that were formalin free. Interestingly fish bone was the least concern criteria (6.7%) for the consumers...........

Keywords: Fish markets, Dhaka City, Consumer behavior, Infrastructure

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[3]. Olukosi, J. O., Isitor S. U. and Moses, O. O. Introduction to Agricultural Marketing and Prices, Principle and Application 3rd edition. Living Book Series Publication, Abuja, Nigeria. 2007. 1(27): 51-66.
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[5]. Islam, M. S., Akteruzzaman, M., and Ahmed, N. Study on marketing and value chain of some commercially important coastal and marine aquatic products of Bangladesh. 2006. Research Report, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Forum (BFRF), Dhaka, Bangladesh...