iosr-JCE   Volume-8 ~ Issue-5

Abstract:The multicast authentication protocol namely MABS including two schemes MABS-B and MABS-E. The basic scheme (MABS-B) eliminates packet loss and also efficient in terms of latency computation and communication overhead due to effective cryptographic primitive called batch signature which authenticates any number of packets simultaneously. This paper deals with the enhanced scheme (MABS-E) which combines the basic scheme with a packet filtering mechanism to alleviate DOS impact. The file list is displayed in both sender and the receiver but the file content is present in the sender only. The receiver request the file content by sending the file name then the sender verify the request if the receiver is authentic. Then sender splits the file content into packets and signs each packet by generating the key then encrypts the packets and sends to the receiver. The receiver verifies the packets and then decrypts the message using sender's public key.
Keywords: MABS-B, MABS-E, DOS

[1] S.E.Deering, "Multicast Routing in internetworks and extended LANs".
[2] T.Ballardie and J.Crowcroft," Multicast specific security threads and counter measures".
[3] A.Pannetrat and R.Molva, "Efficient Multicast packet authentication".
[4] J.Jeong, Y.Park, and Y.Cho, "Efficient Dos resistant multicast authentication schemes".
[5] A.Perrig, R.Canetti, D.song, and J.Tygar,"Efficient and secure source authentication for multicast".
[6] V.Miller,"Uses of Elliptic Curves in Cryptography".
[7] N.Koblitz,"Elliptic curve cryptosystems".
[8] S.Cui, p.Duan, and C.W.Chan,"An efficient identity based signature scheme with batch verifications".
[9] R.Gennaro and P.Rohatgi,"How to sign digital streams".
[10] Yun Zhou, Xiaoyan Zhu and yuguang Fang, Fellow, IEEE.

Abstract:This paper proposes to study the alternatives for the rural population of the southern Brazil, in these beginning of the XXI century. When forestry is implemented we can observe the degradation of quality of life indicators (health, education and income). The multi activity of the small producer is replaced for the so called culture of abandonment. The issues addressed in this study are (i) is forestry an activity that leads to the impoverishment of the region? (ii) does the traditional economic activity causes the region's wealth? and (iii) will the southern Brazil be "reached" by forestry? To answer these questions the hypotheses formulated are (i) there is an inverse relationship between the HDI and forestry, (ii) There is a direct relationship between traditional economic activity and forestry, and (iii) Forestry is replacing the traditional economic activity. Data analysis showed is not possible to study the production in an aggregated manner.
Keywords: Economic activity, alternatives to forestry, smallholders.

[1] A. Brandenburg, Agricultura familiar, INGs e desenvolvimento sustentável (Curitiba,PR: Ed. UFPR, 1999).
[2] J. E. Veiga, O Brasil rural precisa de uma estratégia de desenvolvimento.Estudos Avançados 15 (43), 2001, 101-119.
[3] O. M. P.Silva and, L. Panhoca, A contribuição da vulnerabilidade na determinação do índice de desenvolvimento humano: estudando
o estado de Santa Catarina. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 12 (5), 2007, 1209-1219.
[4] O. M. P. Silva, O estudo das populações rurais e pequenas comunidades do oeste catarinense para o comportamento de risco e a
morbidade referida para o câncer e demais doenças e agravos não transmissíveis (Florianópolis, SC: FAPESC/MS, 2009).
[5] C. E. Guanziroli, S. E. C. S. Cardim, G. A. Bittencourt, and A. D. Sabbato, Novo retrato da agricultura familiar: o Brasil
redescoberto (Brasília, DF:FAO/INCRA, 2000).
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Garamond, 2001).
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Agrário - MDA, 2009).
[8] IPARDES. Diagnóstico socieconômico de teriitório Ribeira. Estado do Paraná(Curitiba, PR: IARDES, 2007).
[9] D. Dosza, R. R. Navarro, L. Panhoca, and L. M. Carneiro, A organização de produtores rurais como fator de promoção de
desenvolvimento (Fóz do Iguaçu, PR: UNIOESTE, 2011).
[10] O. M. P Silva,. et al. The accountancy of the potential income lost due premature death: differences determined by gender. Revista de Contabilidade e Controladoria, 1(1), 2009, 1-16.

Abstract:Market Basket Analysis is the general name for understanding product purchase patterns at the customer level in the super market. This paper focuses on clustering similar and frequent item sets using an integrated approach of SOM and K-Means clustering techniques. The proposed algorithm finds the number of clusters using Artificial Neural Network (SOM) and then groups the similar item sets into the respective clusters using the k-means to improve the marketing campaign.
Keywords: Clustering; k-means; SOM

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Scientific Research ISSN 1450-216X Vol.42 No.3 (2010), pp.464-476

Abstract:In Data mining, the sequence of data points are measured typically at successive time instants spaced at uniform time intervals are called time series. The real applications of time series are frequent pattern analysis, bioinformatics, medical treatment, meteorology, sociology and economics. Frequent patterns can be analyzed to give explanatory rules and this rule extraction can be done using many algorithms like Genetic Algorithm, Fuzzy Logic , Support Vector Machine etc. Rule induction is an area of machine learning in which rules are extracted from collective set of observations. The rules extracted may represent complete scientific model of the data, or simply represent local patterns in the data. A brief overview of some of the most common rule extraction techniques and a comparison between single and hybrid rule approaches comprise in this survey.
Keywords: Discrete-Wavelet Transform (DWT), Fuzzy Logic (FL), Genetic Algorithm (GA), Neural Network (NN), Support Vector Machine (SVM).

1] C. Chen, T. Hong, V.S. Tseng, "Fuzzy datamining for time series data", Soft Computing - Vol.12,pp , 536-542, 2012.
[2] J. Schott, J. Kalita, "Neuro fuzzy time series analysis of large volume data", Intelligent Systems in Accounting, Finance and
Management, Vol. 18, pp 39–57, January/March 2011.
[3] Z.Zhang, "An efficient neuro-fuzzy-genetic data mining framework based on computational intelligence", Vol. 2, pp 178-183, Aug
2009.
[4] G.N. Pradhan, B. Prabhakaran, "Association rule mining in multiple, multidimensional time series medical data ", IEEE
International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, pp 1716- 1719, Dec 2009.
[5] B.M.A.Maqaleh, H. Shahbazkia ," A GA for discovering classification rules in data mining International Journal of Computer
Applications , Vol. 41, March (2012).
[6] B.M. Al-Maqaleh, M.A. Al-Dohbai, H. Shahbazkia, "An Evolutionary Algorithm for automated discovery small disjunct rules",
International Journal of Computer Applications, Vol.41 , March 2012.
[7] M. Anandhavalli, M.K. Ghose, K. Gauthaman, "Association rule mining in genomics", International Journal of Computer Theory
and Engineering, Vol.2, pp 1793 -8201, April 2010.
[8] G.C. Lan, C.H. Chen, T.P. Hong, S.B. Lin, "A fuzzy approach for mining general temporal association rules in a publication
database", International Conference on Hybrid Intelligent Systems, 2011.
[9] M. Rodriguez, D.M. Escalante, A. Peregrin, "Efficient distributed Genetic Algorithm for rule extraction ", Applied soft computing,
Vol. 11, pp 733 – 743, January 2011
[10] G. Suganya, D. Dhivya, "Extracting diagnostic rules from support vector machine", Journal of Computer Applications, Vol.4, 2011.

Abstract:This paper presents a comparison report of two different processes of retrieving a keyword or data's from a given database or from a multiple databases. The process1 known as Extended Boolean Retrieval (EBR) model, it gives us an output from the database. Since EBR model implementation aspects lead to a high cost, we consider an p-norm approach to the EBR implementation. P-norm approach plays a role in the EBR model to maintain strictness of the conjunctions and disjunctions to set them with their own identification on the considerable node. The process2 known as Ensemble Learning Paradigm (ELP). In this paradigm of text categorization aspect, first it assigns a value to a given keyword or data and then starts it's searching process from an index. This value contains the factors such as a position and appearances of word. In existing, they use these concepts in Bag-of-word approach. In this paper EBR model gives an advantage of reformulation aspect, which gives a hundreds or thousands of answers for the given query. In ELP, term frequency identification paves the way to produce a result based on the frequencies of an regarded query in the database. To end, we evaluate with the reported results of these models on query to prove an better retrieving process based on their efficiency and accuracy with the max-score ranking algorithm.
Keywords: Ensemble learning, Index, max-score, rank, term frequency.

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Abstract:The dearth of medical experts in the developing world has subjected a large percentage of its populace to preventable ailments and deaths. Also, because of the predominant rural communities, the few medical experts that are available always opt for practice in the few urban cities. This consequently puts the rural communities at a disadvantage with respect to access to quality health care services. In this work, we designed and implemented XpertMalTyph; a novel medical diagnostic expert system for the various kinds of malaria and typhoid complications. A medical diagnostic expert system uses computer(s) to simulate medical doctor skills in diagnosis of ailments and prescription of treatments, hence can be used to provide the same service in the absence of the experts. XpertMalTyph is based on JESS (Java Expert System Shell) programming because of its robust inference engine and rules for implementing expert systems.
Keywords: XpertMalTyph, medical informatics, diagnosis, malaria, typhoid.

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Abstract:The objective of this paper is to minimize the makespan time in job shop scheduling problem. The JSSP is a one of the optimization problem in computer science and production environment. In order to minimize the makespan time and find out the optimal schedule special crossover technique is used i.e. Unordered Subsequence Exchange Crossover (USXX) in Genetic Algorithm (GA). Using the special cross over technique USXX the most of the benchmark results are compared and obtain the results near to optimal value of the benchmark problems..
Keywords: JSSP; Makespan time; Genetic Algorithm; USXX;

[1] Ahmed Tariq Sadiq and Kanar Shukr Mohammed, (March, 2012), "Improved Scatter Search for Job Shop Scheduling Problem",
International Journal of Research and Reviews in Soft and Intelligent Computing, Vol.2, No. 1.
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Scheduling", International Journal of Information Technology Convergence and Services, Vol.2, No. 4.
[4] Christian Bierwirth, (1995), "A generalized permutation approach to job shop scheduling with genetic algorithms", Volume 17,issue
2-3,pp 87-92.
[5] Hiwa Farughi, Babak Yousefi Yegane, Hiresh Soltanpanah, Fayagh Zaheri, Foruzan Naseri, (2011), "Considering The Flexibility and
Overlapping in Operation in Job Shop Scheduling Based on Meta-heuristic Algorithms", Australian Journal of Basic and Applied
Sciences, 5(11): 526-533.
[6] Kanate Ploydanai and Anan Mungwattana, (2010), "Algorithm for Solving Job Shop Scheduling Problem Based on machine
availability constraint", International Journal on Computer Science and Engineering, Vol. 02, No. 05.
[7] Liang Sun, Xiaochun Cheng, yanchum Liang,(December, 2010), "Solving Job Shop Scheduling Problem Using Genetic Algorithm
with Penalty Function", International Journal of Intelligent Information Processing, Vol. 1, No. 2.
[8] Mahdavinejad. R.A, (August, 2010), "A new approach to job shop-scheduling problem", Journal of Achievements in Materials and
Manufacturing Engineering, Vol. 41, Issues 1-2.
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Considering Geno Type", Recent Advances in Computer Engineering and Application.
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Scheduling with Deterioration and Precedence Constraints", Proc. Asian Journal of Industrial Engineering.

Abstract: Different types of search engines are used to search image and text contents. Two types of image search methods are available in the Internet. They are query keyword based model and content based image retrieval models. Text query strings are used in the textual image retrieval model. Content based image retrieval (CBIR) model uses the visual information of the images. Image search methods use the text annotation and image visual features. Google image search and Bing image search engines are used to fetch images from the web.
Keywords: intension, image retrieval, adaptive similarity, keyword expansion, image reranking, Speech recognition, multimedia information retrieval

[1] Xiaoou Tang, Fang Wen "IntentSearch: Capturing User Intention for One-Click Internet Image Search" IEEE Transactions on Pattern
Analysis And Machine Intelligence, Vol. 34, No. 7, July 2012.
[2] Amandeep Khokher, Rajneesh Talwar "Content-based Image Retrieval: Feature Extraction Techniques and Applications" International Conference on Recent Advances and Future Trends in Information Technology (iRAFIT2012).
[3] Blaser, A. 1979. Database Techniques for Pictorial Applications, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer Verlag GmbH.
[4] Michele Merler and Rong Yan, John R. Smith "Imbalanced RankBoost for Efficiently Ranking Large-Scale Image/Video Collections".
[5] Gal Chechik and Varun Sharma "Large Scale Online Learning of Image Similarity Through Ranking" Journal of Machine Learning
Research 11 (2010) 1109-1135.
[6] J. Cui, F. Wen, and X. Tang, "Real Time Google and Live Image Search Re Ranking," Proc. 16th ACM Int'l Conf. Multimedia, 2008 .
[7] J. Cui, F. Wen, and X. Tang, "IntentSearch: Interactive On-Line Image Search Re-Ranking," Proc. 16th ACM Int'l Conf. Multimedia,
2008.

Abstract:This research work provides an introduction to the use of Bayesian Network(BN) models in Software Engineering. A brief overview of the of BNs is included, together with an explanation of why BNs are ideally suited to dealing with the characteristics and shortcomings of typical software development environments. This theory is illustrated using real world models that illustrate the advantages of BNs in dealing with uncertainty, causal reasoning and learning in the presence of limited data..
Keywords: BN, COCOMO, COQUALMO, CI, CPD, modist

[1]. Farid Meziane, University of Salford, UK, Sunil Vadera, University of Salford, UK, "Artificial Intelligence Applications for Improved Software Engineering Development: New Prospects", ISBN 978-1-60566-758-4, 2010.
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Abstract: Online intrusion detection systems play an important role in protecting IT systems. Tools like Snort, firewall also detect intrusions. Such intrusion detection systems provide feedback in the form of alerts. However, the number of alerts is more in number and often security personnel are confused with such voluminous messages. This makes them difficult to take decision immediately. They take time to analyze the alerts and come to a conclusion for directions for taking actions. The security risk estimation and resolving the security problem depends on quick understanding of alerts. The bulk of alerts given by low level intrusion detection systems make it time consuming to arrive at decisions. To overcome this problem the alerts provided by low level detection systems can be programmatically aggregated and summarized alerts can be given to security personnel so as to enable them to draw conclusions quickly and take required actions. We propose a new technique for the purpose of online alert aggregation based on dynamic, probabilistic model. The solution is based on maximum likelihood approach which is a data stream version. The empirical results revealed that the proposed solution is effective and useful.
Keywords: Online intrusion detection, data streaming, probabilistic model, alert aggregation

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Abstract: Web prediction is a classification problem in which we have to predict the next set of Web pages that a user may visit based on the knowledge of the previously visited pages. Predicting user's behavior can be applied effectively in various critical applications in the internet environment.Such application has traditional tradeoffs between modeling complexity and prediction accuracy. The web usage mining techniques are used to analyze the web usage patterns for a web site. The user access log is used to fetch the user access patterns. The access patterns are used in the prediction process. Markov model and all-Kth Markov model are used in Web prediction. A Markov model is proposed to alleviate the issue of scalability in the number of paths. The framework can improve the prediction time without compromising prediction accuracy.
Keywords: Association rule mining (ARM),Association rule mining with statistical features(ARM-SF),Markov model.

[1] Awad.M,Khan.L and Thuraisingham.B, "Predicting WWW surfing using multiple evidence combination," VLDB J., vol.17, no.3,
pp.401–417, May 2008.
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Syst.,Man,Cybern. A, Syst., Humans, vol. 37, no. 6, pp. 1054–1062, Nov. 2007.
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Abstract:Classification is a data mining function that assigns similar data to categories or classes. The main goal is to accurately predict the class for each data. Different classification algorithms such as C4.5, k-nearest neighbor (KNN) classifier, Naive Bayes, SVM (Support Vector Machine), Apriori, and AdaBoost have been used for data mining applications. This paper provides a survey of different classification algorithms for data mining applications.
Keywords: Classification, Classifier, Data Mining, Rule Extraction, class imbalance problem

[1] Kemal Polat and SalihGunes , "A novel hybrid intelligent method based on C4.5 decision tree classifier and one-against-all approach
for multi-class classification problems" , Expert Syst. Appl., vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 1587-1592, Jul. 2007.
[2] Deborah R. Carvalho and Alex A. Freitas, "A Hybrid Tree/Genetic Algorithm Method for DataMining", Applied soft computing, vol. 35, pp. 650-673, 2005.
[3] Jerzy Stefanowski and SlanwomirNowaczyk, "An Experimental Study of Using Rule Induction Algorithm in Combiner Multiple
Classifier", IISN 0973-1873 vol. 2, no. x pp. xxx-xxx 2006.
[4] Jerzy Stefanowski, "The bagging and n² - classifiers based on rules induced by MODLEM", Pattern Recognition , 2002.
[5] Nathalie Japkowicz, " The Class Imbalance Problem: Significance and Strategies", computers in biology and medicine, 2006.
[6] Jerzy Stefanowski and SzymonWilk, "Combining rough sets and rule based classifiers for handling imbala nced data", 2001.
[7] Miguel Rodriguez, Diego M. Escalante and Antonio Peregrin, "Efficient Distributed Genetic Algorithm for Rule extraction", Applied
soft computing, vol. 36, pp. 733-743 jan 2010.
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[9] Deborah R.Carvalho and Alex A. Freitas, "A Genetic Algorithm for Discovering Small- Disjunct Rules in Data Mining", Advances in
artificial intelligence, 2007.
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Abstract:Closed persistent patterns in data mining is biggest challenge in these days. The existing models find these patterns from traditional and transactional databases. This paper approach a novel model to mine closed persistent patterns using the invert matrix for any given traditional data file or for any raw sequential data and adjunct closed persistent element matrix which reduces the consumption of number of iterations or search space for retrieving various persistent patterns of deferent elements. We approach adjunct quick mining in closed persistent patterns (AQCPP) matrix to reduce the iterate levels i.e. the l and l+1 levels in mining conditions. Iteration time improvement is the clear output over the ancestors work in this process. Our experiments resulted efficient quick mining process throughout our analysis the algorithms performed efficiently with less computations. As a case study we also implemented our inline mechanism over Service Patterns to analyze the performance of the proposed AQCPP algorithm over lightweight directories and our results are satisfactory.
Keywords: AQCPP, Closed Persistent Patterns, Data mining, Invert Matrix, Service Patterns.

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Abstract: Motivated by Arikan's channel polarization that shows the occurrence of capacity-achieving code sequences, we address the scheme design issues by switching to polarizing frequency selective fading channels while transmitting information symbols in a source-relay-destination MIMO-OFDM relay communication system. A simple polar-and-forward (PF) MIMO relay scheme, with source node polar coding and relay nodes polar coding, is proposed to provide an alternative solution for transmitting with higher reliability than the conventional decode- and-forward/amplify-and-forward (DF/AF) relay schemes. In the proposed scheme, OFDM modulator is implemented at source node, some simple operations, namely time reversion, complex conjugation and polarization, are implemented at relay nodes, and the cyclic prefix (CP) removal is performed at destination node. It is divided into two symmetrical polarizing relay systems, i.e., the down-polarizing system and the up-polarizing system, which result in different capacities for the polar system. We analyze the bit error rate (BER) performance with the fixed polar system equipped with four OFDM blocks, which is an idea approach to select signal sequences that tend to polarize in terms of the reliability under certain combining and splitting the transmitted OFDMs in the frequency selective fading (FSF) channels. The polar system has a salient recursiveness feature, and thus the transmitted information signals embedded in the polar code can be decoded with a low-complexity decoder.

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