IOSR-JEF   7th International Business Research Conference

Abstract: The paper is related to the factors like P/E ration and Net NPAs of the all private and public sector bank banks listed on BSE index. It also used Internet based secondary data were used to do exploratory studies. Findings were analysed by framing various hypotheses like Single factor ANOVA test and t-test to find the conclusion related to the P/E ration and Net NPA of all banks (23 public banks and 26 private banks). These hypotheses helped us to come to the conclusion that factors like Net NPAs and P/E ratio of both Private and Public sector is same or different.

Abstract: Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is increasingly becoming an invaluable and powerful tool driving economic development of a nation. Corporate entities around the world are considering it as a powerful tool of improving customer service quality, reducing cost of operation, better management of risk and security, reaching global market, increasing productivity and enhancing competitiveness. Worldwide, banking sector had adopted ICT in all its areas of operations. Indian banking sector is not lagging behind in adoption of ICT. Indian Banking sector is front runner in adoption of ICT. The robust growth of Indian banking sector can be attributed to adoption of ICT. ICT had helped the Indian banking sector to offer value added as well as quality service to customers, reducing cost of operation, better management of risk and security and offering innovative products to customers. Indian commercial banks were able to adopt ICT and were successful in revolutionizing the banking sector. But, the Co-operative banking system in the country found to be lagging behind in adoption of ICT. This has encouraged the researchers to take up the present study. The key players in co-operative banking system in Belgaum city of Karnataka were selected as sample units. The study aims to find out the awareness level among management of Co-operative banks about the ICT practices do adopted by them. The study reveals that Co-operative Banks have computerized their branches. But, none of the bank had designed its website. The banks have also taken security measures by installing the CCTVs in their branches. It was found that the banks were offering Phone-in-link services such as Inquiry on product and services, Change of accounts address, Stop cheque instruction, Status inquires on remittance, bank balance, etc.

Abstract: The study aims at identifying the preference towards mode of trading in the secondary equity market. The mode of trading compared are online trading and mobile trading. The study is descriptive in nature and the two trading techniques are compared on the basis of different features identified and the preferential percentages are calculated through the descriptive statistics. The analysis indicated that the investors find mobile trading convenient but a riskier mode of transacting as compared to online trading and therefore prefer online trading over mobile trading. As the research topic is in very nascent stage therefore this study is an initial effort done to analyze the acceptability of mobile trading by the Indian retail investors.
Keywords: Mobitrade, Trading techniques, Mobile applications, Indian Financial Market, Digitization

Abstract: This paper examines the performance persistence of Indian Fund of Mutual Funds (FoFs) during the period from January 2nd 2007 to December 31st 2010. The entire study period classified into three sub-periods based on the movement of BSE 500 index closing value and they are named as First Bull Market Period, Bear Market Period and Second Bull Market Period. The performance of individual FoFs in each sub-period are assessed by employing the performance measures of average excess return, Sharpe ratio and Jensen‟s alpha.After testing the performance of the sample funds, contingence table is created by classifying the sample funds as winner or loser.Malkiel Z-test, Brown and Goetzmann Z-test and Khan and Rude Chi-square test is used to test the performance persistence of sample funds and found that the fund excel in the bull market do not expected to do well in the bear market.This study also concluded that the investors cannot earn above average risk adjusted return in the bull market period by hiring the above median performer of earlier bull market period.
Key words: Performance Persistence; Contingency table; Bull and Bear markets; Indian Fund of Mutual Funds

Abstract: According to Clark Schultz (2012) Green banking means promoting environmental-friendly practices and reducing your carbon footprint from your banking activities. According to Pravakar Sahoo and Bihoo Prasad Nayak (2008) there has not been much initiative in this regard by the banks and other financial institutions in India though they play an active role in India‟s emerging economy, so it is suggested to initiate to promote green banking in India. The concept of green banking helps to create cleaner and greener future as Green Banking has direct impact on the environment. This paper has been made to study level of consumer satisfaction and awareness regarding "Green banking services "initiative taken by various Public and Private sector banks in India, Mumbai. The study aims to identify the opinion and awareness of bank employees and customers as regards to green banking concept in public and private sector banks. It is necessary to identify various initiatives taken by bank on the concept of green banking in order influence customer and make them user friendly. Researcher will study the impact of gender on green initiatives taken by public and private sector banks. Whether they face any technical procedural problems as well as administrative problems. The authors have used SPSS technique as a statistical method.
Key words: Green Banking, Environment, Customer satisfaction

Abstract: As the traditional Indian tax regime has been unable to fully swathe its loop holes, assesses in the form of individuals as well as corporate organisations have successfully capitalized by finding new means to evade tax. GAAR is the shotgun approach of the tax legislators attempting to cover a wide range of tax avoidance practices. General anti-avoidance rules (GAAR) provides that where an enterprise enters into arrangement without a reasonable commercial purpose and with a sole or dominant purpose of obtaining a tax benefit, the tax authorities can disregard the existing arrangement and make an adjustment using appropriate methods.These rules empower the Commissioner to hold any business arrangement as an "impermissible avoidance arrangement" if certain conditions are met. In case of the Vodafone-Hutchison merchandise this tactic came into spotlight. The urgency for structuring legislature to control the tax evasion tactic was conceived and therefore in the year 2009 along with Direct Tax Code our government promenaded towards General Anti Avoidance Rule (GAAR). This paper concentrates on when GAAR will be invoked; will Participatory Note (P-notes) be subject to GAAR, FII‟s attract GAAR, GAAR provisions override India's tax treaties and lastly clarify provisions to protect taxpayers from harassment. With the emergence of GAAR, our Indian tax system will be at the threshold of a paradigm shift, GAAR tactics will attempt to bring about structural changes in the Indian tax system.
Key Words: GAAR, Tax evasion, Income Tax, Participatory notes, Investment, FII‟s

Abstract: Due to diversification, the value at risk (VaR) of a portfolio will be less than or equal to the sum of the VaRs of the positions in the portfolio. Diversified VaR is simply the VaR of the portfolio where the calculation takes into account the diversification effects. Paper under study includes three asset class i.e. Equity (BSE Sensex), Gold (Goldman Sachs Gold Exchange Traded Scheme) and Agri Commodity Index (Agri Index Dhaanya) and calculates Individual VaR and shows the effects of diversification in reducing portfolio VaR. Based on Secondary data. Five year publicly available data in terms of daily closing prices (1-07-2008 to 30-06- 2013) of the above mentioned assets classes are taken for the study. There are in all 1240 data points and it conforms to normal distribution (bell shaped curve).Each asset class standard deviation, Individual VaR at 95% and 99% confidence level, Correlation among (Sensex & Gold) (Sensex & Agri), Portfolio standard deviation (Sensex & Gold) (Sensex & Agri), Portfolio VaR (Sensex & Gold) (Sensex & Agri) at 95% and 99% are calculated. When considered each asset class in isolation Individual VaR tends to be higher than compared with portfolio VaR consisting of (Sensex & Gold) or (Sensex & Agri).The main reason is from the benefits of negative correlation between Sensex return & Gold return and Sensex return & Agri commodity Index return for the period under study. Zero or a negative correlation among securities/assets class can help in reducing the existing VaR of the portfolio. This advantage of VaR can help in the portfolio allocation process in selecting asset class/securities.

Abstract: This paper evaluates the changes in the capital structure and solvency position of banks by using various risk indicators for highlighting risk profile of Indian Banking entities. The Paper evaluates in detail the risk profile of top ten public sector banks and top ten private sector banks.
Key Words: Balance Sheet, Stress, Solvency, Leverage, Capital Structure, Risks

Abstract: As per the McKinsey report "India Banking 2010‟, the banking sector index has grown at a compounded annual rate of over 51 per cent since the year 2001, as compared to a 27 per cent growth in the market index during the same period. But over the last 12 months, India‟s banking sector has been through a sharp adjustment in credit cycle after a big boom during 2004-07. Nominal bank credit growth is expected to be close to nominal GDP growth during the quarter ending December 31, 2009.(Economic Times)(16-11-09). Today, banks have diversified their activities and are getting into new products and services that include opportunities in credit cards, consumer finance, wealth management, life and general insurance, investment banking, mutual funds, pension fund regulation, stock broking services, custodian services, private equity, etc.(www.timeseducation.com) At the same time due to severe competition banks nowadays have to excel in their service and that demands commitment from all In today's highly competitive environment, banks are increasingly realizing the need to focus on service quality as a measure to improve their competitive position. Customer based determinants and perceptions of service quality, therefore, play an important role when choosing a bank. The measuring instrument used in this study was the SERVQUAL questionnaire for the measurement of Gap 5 namely the discrepancy between customer expectations and their perceptions of the service delivered. An analysis covering a sample of around 100 consumers revealed that there exists an overall service quality gap between respondent‟s perceptions and their expectations.The gap is found to be high and so there needs to be significant improvements across all the five dimensions of service quality such as tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy.
Key Words: Service Quality, SERVQUAL, Perceptions and Expectations

Abstract: After some quite successful firstyears of the European Monetary Union the Euro-crisis almost broke the union apart. It is therefore reasonable to question the idea of a monetary union and learn from the experiences. Did we benefit from the advantages of a monetary union that we know from economic theory? If not, is this a general problem or due to the special arrangements and history of the European Monetary Union? This paper tries to answer some of these questions with a focus on economic convergence and country participation in the light of economic and political discrepancies. The EMU was successful in maintaining price stability in all years and positive growth rates in the early years. Oneother success criterion, financial and political stability, was not fulfilled. In the Euro crisis we had both recession and financial instability that induced political disturbances.
Keywords: European Monetary Union, success criteria, convergence criteria, economic integration Source Photo Front Page: (ECB, 2008)

Abstract: In the recent years financial literacy has become a much talked about phenomena. It is attracting the attention of not only central and state government, central bank and commercial banks but also the common man trying to meet his financial needs on a daily basis and planning for a safe future. The topic of financial literacy is relatively new, and not much of research is available particularly with respect to India. This paper summarizes the growing efforts in the field of financial literacy .An attempt has been made to understand the meaning of financial literacy and identify the need for it taking into consideration the previous research and literature as back ground . It also makes an attempt to identify the major players in the field of financial literacy and summarize their growing efforts in the field. The finding indicate Reserve Bank of India , Securities Exchange Securities exchange board of India (SEBI) and Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDA) are working actively towards promoting financial literacy The paper has implications for the policy makers in identifying the growing need for financial awareness and developing suitable financial literacy programs It will also help investors in better financial decision making and creating awareness about the importance of financial education besides providing a platform for future research
Key words - financial literacy, commercial banks, financial needs, policy makers, financial awareness