Volume-1 ~ Issue-5
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Legislative Oversights and Budget Performance in Nigeria: Issues & Policy Options |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Ehigiamusoe, Uyi Kizito & Umar, Aminu |
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: | 10.9790/5933-0150112  |
Abstract: Budget implementation in Nigeria has been a burning issue since the advent of democracy in 1999. Several reasons have been adduced for the poor performance of federal government capital budgets. These include late presentation, passage, and assent to the budget; late release of funds to and poor capacity utilization of Federal Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs). But much attention has not been given to the role of legislative oversights in this regards. Consequently, this paper examines the role of legislative oversights in budget performance. Using survey method, descriptive statistics and analytical approach, the paper analyzed both primary and secondary data. The findings of the study revealed that oversight activities have increased tremendously in Nigeria since 1999, but they have not been very effective in reducing corruption and accelerating budget performance of MDAs. The paper therefore recommended policy options on how to utilize legislative oversight activities as instruments for promoting targeted budget outcomes. Keywords: Legislative Oversights; Budget Performance; Ministries, Department and Agencies (MDAs); Corruption; Public Finance.
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[4]. Griffith, Gareth (2005). Parliament and Accountability: The Role of Parliamentary Oversight Committees. Revised version of a discussion paper prepared for the ASPG Conference on Parliament and Accountability in the 21st Century. Sydney, 6-8 October.
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[6]. Kuruppu, C. & Gårseth-Nesbakk, L. (2012). Accountability Limitations with respect to Parliamentary Oversight: A case of Norway and Sri Lanka, Bodo Graduate School of Business University of Nordland 8049 Bodo, Norway.
[7]. Langdon, Steven (2012). Parliamentary Oversight as a Mechanism for Accountability
[8]. Lienert, I. (2009) Legislative Oversight and Budgeting – A World Perspective.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Assessment of Private Sector Financing of Electricity Infrastructure in Nigeria |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Ahmed, A., Landi, J. H |
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: | 10.9790/5933-0151324 |
Abstract: There is a huge deficit in the infrastructure sector of the Nigerian economy. The country generates less than 4000 Mega Watts of electricity for a population of about 160 million people. Because of the low generation of electricity in Nigeria, load shedding is the order of the day. Consumers are forced to do without grid supplied electricity for the most part of the day. All governments' efforts to reverse the dismal performance of the industry failed to produce the desired effects. In 2005, government introduced market reform through the Electric Power Sector Reform Act (EPSR) to reform and restructure the industry to allow for private sector participation in the financing of electricity generation infrastructure as a way of boosting electricity supply to the national economy. However private investment flow to NESI has been slow. The research sought to find out the reasons for the slow pace of private sector investment flow to the industry. Structured questionnaires using Likert scale were distributed to top management of privately licensed firms to generate data for analysis. Multiple regressions were used for data analysis. The analysis reveals a significant influence of the independent variables on the DV with p =0.000< 0.005. This therefore shows that government policy of meeting the generation needs of the electricity industry could be met through the participation of the private sector. However a lot needs to be done to fast track the flow of private investment to the industry.
Key words: Electricity Generation, Private Investment, Infrastructure, Power Project Finance and Government Incentives.
[1]. Adenikinju, A. (2005) Analysis of the Cost of Infrastructure Failure in a Developing Economy; the Case of Electricity Sector in Nigeria. AERC Research Paper 148, Nairobi.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Technological Parameters in Aggregate Agricultural Production Function – A Study in Three Revenue Mandals of Nellore District: Andhra Pradesh |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Dr. E. Lokanadha Reddy, Dr. D. Radhakrishna Reddy |
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: | 10.9790/5933-0152535 |
Abstract: Agriculture occupies a pivotal place in the national economy. Therefore, its performance is of vital concern to the planners. The size and speed of agricultural development would naturally determine the shape of things in the rest of the economy. The impact of new farm technology has not been enough to alter significantly the trend rate of crop production. Not only is our agrarian economy, capitally deficient but it is also backward in the field of technology. Our peasantry is still by and large using the age old techniques for production. The study aims to analyse the Aggregate Agricultural Production Function and Resource use efficiency based on entire sample of Farms in Three Revenue Mandals of Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh. Data was collected for the explanatory and explained variables with the help of survey method through personal interviews of the farmers selected through mixed sampling in three revenue mandals of Nellore district. Regression co-efficients are estimated to study the relationship between gross output and various factors of production. By studying the Marginal Value Products of factors of production, we assessed the relative importance of factors of production. The sum of the elasticities and their statistical significance was also studied.
Key Words: Aggregate Agricultural Production Function, Marginal Cost, Marginal Value Product, Ordinary Least Squares Method, Regression Co-efficients.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Mobile Banking Products and Rural India: An Evaluation |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Peter John |
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: | 10.9790/5933-0153640 |
Abstract: The Mobile Banking Products and systems have a pivotal role to play in the financial deepening, especially in rural India. The mobile banking systems and products allow a customer to perform banking operations by making use of mobile phones. In most of the developing countries, especially in India, there is more number of mobile connections than bank accounts. The rural India is facing the problem of lack of accessibility to most of the financial and banking products. This paper evaluates the mobile banking products, mechanism, it's relevance in rural India, implementation systems, it's feasibility in the Indian banking Sector, initiatives taken by Indian Banks and Government of India. The focal area of the study is the potential growth of mobile banking, especially in rural India, not the actual growth attained. This is because of the fact that 74 percent of the Indian population living in rural India and only 18 percent of the total banking penetration of India is in rural area. Out of 428 million deposit accounts in the country only 30% are in rural areas. In India over 30% of the new mobile phone subscriptions every month are registered in villages yet 200 million mobile phone users are without bank accounts. That is the rate of growth of number of new mobile connections is more in rural India. The spreading of mobile banking products and systems will definitely contributes to erase the rural-urban divide and integrate rural economy with global economy.
Key words: Mobile banking products, Mobile banking Systems, Branchless banking Channel, Point- of- Sales Devices, Personal Identification Number, Mobile Network Operations, Bank in a box, Anywhere Bank Terminal, Bank on Wheels.
[1]. Bhattacharya, Hrishikes. (1998). Banking Strategy – Credit Appraisal and Decisions – A Risk Return Framework. Delhi: Oxford University Press Indian Institute of Banking and Finance, Mumbai. (2010).
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | The Determinants of Production and Export of Natural Rubber in India |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | M. Kannan |
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: | 10.9790/5933-0154145 |
Abstract: This study examined the factors that influence agricultural production and exports with specific reference to the natural rubber in India. Secondary data was used for this study. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) technique was used in analyzing the relevant data. The OLS findings revealed that natural rubber production is significantly (p<0.05) by export of natural rubber (β=0.05), stock (β=0.21) and domestic price (β=0.21). For export of natural rubber, the OLS shows that stock of natural rubber (β=0.29), world market price (β=15.96), domestic price (β=-18.47) and world population (β=88.37) significantly (p<0.05) influence in export of natural rubber. It is recommended that there should be value addition in respect of natural rubber being exported.
Key word: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Production, Export and Import.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | The Banking Sector of Pakistan: The Case of Its Growth and Impact on Revenue Generation 2007 to 2012 |
| Country | : | Pakistan |
| Authors | : | Sana Zafar, Dr. Farooq Aziz |
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: | 10.9790/5933-0154650 |
Abstract: The banking sector of Pakistan played an important role in the growth and development of the economy of Pakistan. This study aims to find the reasons behind the growth of the banking sector and how it can influence the revenue generation of the sector. The reasons are investigated and the current state of the banking sector is also reviewed to study the growth patterns. The historical evidence is first collected and then analyzed, so the current survival of the sector could be studied even after the Global Financial Crisis. Financial Soundness Indicators provide further indept analyses of the factors which contributed towards the growth of the banking sector of Pakistan. The reforms in the banking sector which are the real reasons for the growth in the banking sector are summarized under the rationale behind growth in the banking sector of Pakistan. The banking sector of Pakistan is the only sector of the economy which survived the Global Financial Crisis. So, this study provides evidence that Pakistan's banking sector is still resilient and is profitable which suggests that it's still a healthy sector for the investors to make safe investments with reliable and consistent returns. The government and the common man both can be benefited by the positive performance of the banking sector of Pakistan.
Keywords: banking sector growth, economic growth, revenue generation, survival through global financial crisis, financial soundness indicators
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[9] Shahid, Haseeb.,Rehman, Ramiz., Niazi, Ghulam., &Raoof, Awais (2010). Efficiencies Comparison of Islamic and Conventional Banks of Pakistan.International Research Journal of Finance & Economics, 49, 25-44.
[10] Bonaccorsi Di Patti, E., & Hardy, D. C. (2005). Financial Sector Liberalization, Bank Privatization, and Efficiency: Evidence from Pakistan. Journal of Banking & Finance, 29 (8-9), 2381–2406.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Global Trade and Migration: Are Trade and Migration Substitutes or Complements? The Case of Nigeria |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Taiwo V. Ojapinwa, Bashir O. Kolawole |
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: | 10.9790/5933-0155157 |
Abstract: The paper examines the effects of trade as an alternative policy to manage migration in Nigeria. This study shed new light on the debate by bringing together papers that investigate the link between trade and factor mobility, particularly labour migration, from theoretical and empirical perspectives. This study conclude that imports and labour immigration are complements while some are substitute which are also the two strands of the theories which are based on the traditional and the modern theories.
Key Words: Globalisation, Trade, Migration, Substitutes, Complements, Nigeria
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Financial Development–Growth Nexus in Nigeria: Empirical Investigation based on Vector AutoRegressive (VAR) Approach |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Innocent Chukwuka Ogbonna, Nkechinyere R. Uwajumogu, Chijioke Godwin,Vitus Sunday Agu |
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: | 10.9790/5933-0155871 |
Abstract: The paper re-examines the nexus between financial sector development and economic growth in Nigeria over the period 1970-2011. Prior to the study, most of the earlier works use financial deepening to proxy financial development and conclude that financial development do not cause growth. The paper seeks to investigate the hypothesis that financial development is positively related to growth. Using four measures – ratios of broad money (MSY), bank deposit liabilities (BDY), domestic credit (DCY), private sector credit (PSY) – to proxy financial development, and adopting Granger causality tests in a VAR framework, the empirical result suggests that financial sector development is positively related to and therefore causes economic growth just as finance is growth dependent – a case of bi-directional causality. The variance decomposition shows that the variations in DCY and PSY are significantly and dominantly affected by MSY. This suggests, among others, that expansion of savings by DMBs through saver-oriented real deposit rate (RDR) translate to domestic credit with higher proportion utilized by the private sector. Among other measures, the establishment of a functional Asset Management Corporation should be hastened to free DMBs from non-performing loans and enhance their ability to expand private sector credits. Equally, to sustain the influence of finance on growth and vice versa, the current reforms in the financial sector should be sustained while focusing on complementary and coordinated institutional and structural reforms in the real sector to ensure simultaneity in the development of the financial and real sectors of the economy.
Keywords: Economic Growth, Financial Development, Innovations, Variations, Vector AutoRegressive
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