Volume-1 ~ Issue-6
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | "Resource Control In Nigeria: The Current Controversy" |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Victor I. Lukpata |
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: | 10.9790/5933-0160104  |
Abstract: The theme of resource control has become a very controversial one in the Nigerian politics as the battle over who gets what of the nation's wealth takes the centre stage. The states which constitute the federating units claim to own resources and to them it is logical that the control of the nation's resources be allowed to them. For now, the Federal Government of Nigeria is solely enjoying the monopoly of resource control. Resource control is a constitutional matter and the constitutional provision is that the mining of minerals including petroleum oil and gas is an exclusive Federal responsibility. If this provision has to be reversed in favour of the states, it has to go through a rigorous process of constitutional amendment. The focus of this article is to x-ray resource control in colonial and postcolonial era with a view to giving appropriate recommendations. Qualitative – historical approach was adopted as method of data collection and analysis.
Key Words: Resource Control, Nigerian Politics, Federating Units, Constitutional, Oil and gas.
[1]. Adewale, I.A. "A Review of Nigeria's Intergovernmental Relations" in O.S.K. Okpo (1996) Local Government in Nigeria, Unpublished Material, UNICAL.
[2]. David Dafinone (2001), It Resource control: the economic & Political Dimension http://www.wawdo.org/nigerdelta/ essays/resource ontrol/Dafinone Ltml.
[3]. Francis Nicolson (1969) the Administration of Nigeria 1900-1960, London: Oxford University Press
[4]. John Furnivall (1943) colonial Policy and Practice, Cambridge University Press.
[5]. Kabir A. Bashir (2008)" The Mechanics of Revenue Allocation: Understanding the need for Effective Deta Collection and Management" Workshop paper.
[6]. Ladipo Adamolekun (1986) politics and Administration in Nigeria, Spectrum Books Ltd, Ibadan, Nigeria.
[7]. Leo Depress (1975) Ethnicity and Resource competition in Plural Societies, The Hague: Mouton.
[8]. Margery Perham, ed (1946) The native Economics of Nigeria, London: Faber and Faber.
[9]. Okwudiba Nnoli (1978), Ethnic Politics in Nigeria Fourth Dimensions Publishing Co. Ltd, 179 Zik Avenue, Enugu.
[10]. Okpo O.S.K. (1996) Local Government in Nigeria, Unpublished Material, UNICAL.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Justification of Entrepreneur: As a Fourth Factor of Production |
| Country | : | Pakistan |
| Authors | : | Dr.Farooq Aziz, Syed Muhammad Fahim, Waqar Ud Din Usmani, Muhammad Rizwan |
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: | 10.9790/5933-0160507 |
Abstract: Entrepreneur as a fourth factor of production was introduced in the beginning of 18th century. Entrepreneur defined as a person who organized and managed the business and takes the risk to get profit. It is assumed that since none of the other factors of production perform these functions hence entrepreneur has a separate identity. But actually it is a fallacy, almost all the persons in this world perform same functions many times in their life but they are not entitled for profit or get any special identity. Actual fact is that, these functions are compulsory part of the nature of entrepreneur's work like other human being. Hence entrepreneur should be considered as part of labour and cannot be justify as a spate identity. JEL Classification: D81; G23:33; L11; M10; M11
Key Words: Entrepreneur: Factors of production; Organization, Management; Risk
[1]. Amold, Roger, 1996 Economics, 18
[2]. Drucker, Peter F. 1985 Innovation and Entrepreneurship: Practices & Principles, 220- 225
[3]. Hoselitz, B.F., 1952 Entrepreneurship & Economic Growth, 12
[4]. Kizner, Israel M., 1985 Discovery and the Capitalist process 10-70
[5]. Leibenstein, Harvey, The Supply of Entrepreneurship leading issues in Economic Development 273-275
[6]. Marshall, Alfred 1994 Principles of Economics 248-258
[7]. Schumpeter, Joseph A., 1951 Essays of J.A. Schumpeter 248-250
[8]. Swaboda, Peter, 1983 Schumpeter's Entrepreneurs in Modern Economics Theory, Lectures on Schumpeterian Economics 17-25
[9]. Websites: www.dictionary.reference.com/browse/ entrepreneure.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | The Role of SIDBI in developing the MSMEs in India |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | K. Sankara Rao, Abdul Rahman Noorinasab |
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: | 10.9790/5933-0160814 |
Abstract: The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise (MSME) sector plays a vital role in the growth of our country in creating employment, exports, gross industrial value of output, gross value added, investment in fixed assets, contribution to GDP, and giving boost to manufacture, service and infrastructure sectors. The opportunities in MSME sectors are enormous due to the factors like Less Capital Intensive, Extensive Promotion & Support by Government, Reservation for Exclusive Manufacture, Funding by way of Finance & Subsidies, Reservation for Exclusive Purchase by Government, Export Promotion, great demand in the domestic market , export potential and so on. The number of MSMEs functioning in the country as per Quick Results of 4th All India Census (2006-07), in the registered and unregistered categories are 1.55 Million (5.94%) and 24.55 Million (94.06%) respectively. The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development (MSMED) Act, 2006 has given choice to entrepreneur that the filing of Memorandum (Registration) by Entrepreneur intending to establish a Micro, Small or Medium Enterprise is discretionary and not mandatory. In this study, besides making a brief review of the overall performance of the MSME sector, the role played by the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) in empowering MSMEs and acting as the nodal agency for SME schemes of Government of India, have been described. Key words: MSMED Act, Export promotion, Memorandum, SIDBI, FIVE YEAR PLAN, Census
[1] The journal of Indian Institute of Banking and Finance,
[2] SIDBI Annual Reports,
[3] www.sidbi.com,
[4] www.iisd.org
[5] www.msme.gov.in
[6] Annual reports of MSME,S
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | The Need for Corporate Risk Disclosure in the Nigerian Listed Companies Annual Reports |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Musa Uba Adamu |
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: | 10.9790/5933-0161521 |
Abstract: The study aims to elicit stakeholders' perceptions about the prospect attached to corporate risk disclosure in Nigeria. Recently, stakeholders' confidences were significantly affected by the recent financial crisis, sudden collapses of high profile companies across the globe and frequent management malpractices which are became order of the day. These were some of the incidents that have had caused current business environment to be very risky. Consequently, standard setters, academia, shareholders, professional bodies, and other stakeholders have advocated that, corporate entities should report risk related information in the content of their annual reports. Specifically, there were a lot of benefits are attached to this type of disclosure. Hence, to confirm the situation in Nigeria, the study employed survey method on which 300 questionnaires were administered to various stakeholders. The target respondents were financial analyst, stock brokers, bankers and shareholders.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | An Analysis of the Forces of Over Production & Crisis in a Competitive Market |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Aravind Narayan |
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: | 10.9790/5933-0162227 |
Abstract: The intent of the article is a study of the market forces leading to overproduction, ultimately leading to Crisis in the Competitive Market. The Article applies the basic ideas of Commodity, Use Value, Exchange Value, & Price introduced in Marx's 'Capital' to the concepts of 'Laws of Supply & Demand' defining the Market process. In Adam Smith's 'Wealth of Nations' he introduces the concept of 'Effectual Demand' as the driving force that operates the Law of Supply and Demand. The Article analyzes the Concept of 'Effectual Demand' in perspective of Use Value & Exchange value. This analysis categorizes demand into two with a study to explain the forces which distorts the equilibrium in a market operating as per the Laws of Supply & Demand. An Illustration of the mechanism is provided. A concluding note includes suggestions for further research.
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[7] Wikipedia Article; Homelessness in the United States
[8] Wikipedia Article; Supply and Demand.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Inter-District Variations in Education and Health Care in Kerala: A Review in the Context of Inclusive Growth |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Mr. Ibrahim Cholakkal |
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: | 10.9790/5933-0162834 |
Abstract: Among a number of factors which are influencing the economic development of a nation, the social factors like education and health care have prime significance. While the policy makers put inclusive growth as an objective, this study will be helpful for them to assess the current situation of education and health care in Kerala. The study analyses the major determinants of education and health care extracting from recent Economic Reviews, SRS Bulletins and Census of India 2011-Provisional population totals. The study employed Pearson correlation coefficient to test the relationship between Education (A) and Health (B), Per Capita Income (PCI) and Education (A), Per Capita Income (PCI) and Health (B), Per Capita Income (PCI) with both Education and Health (A&B). And the coefficient of Variation to test the extent of variability in education and health care sector. The correlation values are (i) A and B (0.568), (ii) PCI and A (0.397), (iii) PCI and B (0.145), and (iv) PCI and A&B (0.257). All are positively correlated. The value of Coefficient of Variation is CVA = 15.64 and CVB = 29.01. The study reveals that the inter-district variation in health care (B) ( 29.01%) is more than that of education (A) ( 15.64%).The composite index of social development (A and B) shows that Malappuram district scores the last rank in social development in the State with the composite index 0.709 and Palakkad district scores the 13th rank with an index 0.826. Out of the 11 indicators considered in a per lakh population basis, Malappuram district ranks only four last ranks with zero first or second ranks. Therefore on the basis of the indicators considered, it may be concluded that Malappuram district is still in the last position in social development.
Key Words: Couple Protection Rate, Correlation, Coefficient of Variation, Composite Index, Per Capita Income, Social development
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | A Study of the Factors Influencing Inflationary Pressure in the Libyan Economy |
| Country | : | Malaysia |
| Authors | : | Aboagila Otman Ahmed Alkoum, Syed Omar Syed Agil |
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: | 10.9790/5933-0163543 |
Abstract: This paper examines the key determinants of inflation in the Libyan economy using time series data from 1980 to 2011 by applying the ARDL approach .Taking into account the special characteristics of Libya's economy and by considering recent empirical studies in the context of inflation, dynamic macroeconomic model has been constructed which emphasis the effects of money supply, real income, expected inflation, imported inflation, exchange rate, and output gap factors along with dummy variables presenting the structural changes in the Libyan economy during the period of study.
Keywords: ARDL model, endogenous structural breaks, inflation.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Welfare Implications of Foreign Aid in Nigeria |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Ovikuomagbe Oyedele, Esther Lawal |
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: | 10.9790/5933-0164449 |
Abstract: This paper examines the effect of foreign aid on welfare levels in Nigeria for the period 1971 to 2010. In order to capture the broad meaning of welfare as discussed in the theoretical framework, life expectancy at birth and household final consumption expenditure per capita are used as proxies for welfare. Employing a cointegration test and an error correction model, the study analyzes the effect of official development assistance plus official aid and total bilateral aid on life expectancy at birth. The results show that official development assistance plus aid and total bilateral aid have no significant effect on life expectancy at birth in the long run and short run. Household final consumption expenditure per capita is not significantly explained by official development assistance plus official aid and total bilateral aid when foreign direct investment is included in the model. However, when foreign direct investment is excluded from the model, total bilateral aid becomes negatively significant. The study concludes that factors responsible for the insignificance and negative impact of foreign aid in the results could include the lack of democracy, political and selfish interests of foreign aid negotiators, corruption and misappropriation in favour of wealthy elites and not the poor.
Keywords: Welfare, Foreign Aid, Life expectancy at Birth, Household Final Consumption Expenditure Per Capita
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Does MYTO Tariff Review Impact on the Flow of Private Investment to the Nigerian Electricity Supply Industry? |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Ado Ahmed |
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: | 10.9790/5933-0165055 |
Abstract: The Nigerian economy has been experiencing severe electricity supply crunch which has negatively impacted on the operation of the economy and the people's wellbeing. For decades the industry, dominated by the government SOE (NEPA and now renamed PHCN) provides epileptic service to the economy that has failed to meet the electricity needs of Nigerians. Government introduced industry reform captured in the 2005 EPSR ACT. The reform seeks to open the market for private investment in the generation segment and promote competition with the ultimate aim of increasing generation and supply of electricity to the national economy. To attract the private sector to the Nigerian Electricity Supply Industry (NESI) the government introduced gradual tariff review called Multi Year Tariff Order (MYTO) .The paper assesses the impact of MYTO on the flow of private investment to NESI. Questionnaires were used to generate data from sampled respondents. Simple regression analysis was used for data analysis and hypothesis testing. The result of the analysis indicates that tariff review has a positive and significant impact on the flow of private investment to NESI though it explains only about 3% of the variation in the dependent variable (FPI). This shows that investors' response to the government tariff review has been very slow. Government therefore needs to take another look at the current tariff adjustment order (MYTO) as a way of fast-tracking the flow of private investment to the industry for enhanced electricity supply to the Nigerian economy.
Key Words: Tariff review, Multi Year Tariff Order, Flow of Private Investment, Electricity Generation, Cost Reflectivity, State Owned Enterprise.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Impact of Misaligned Real Exchange Rate on Economic Performance: A case study of West African Monetary Zone |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Raji, Rahman Olanrewaju |
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: | 10.9790/5933-0165667 |
Abstract: The study assessed the impact of real exchange rate misalignment on economic performance of WAMZ economies. The study uses Generalised Method of Moment of Dynamic Panel Estimation Method, supported with Cross Country Correlation Approach which comprises Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria and Sierra Leone covering the period from 2000 commencement of the zone to 2010 from international financial statistics of international monetary fund with aid of quarterly data. The study discovered that the zone experiences asymmetrical correlations between real exchange rate misalignment and economic performance while the inclusion of equilibrium real exchange rate revealed a symmetrical relationship with economic performance. Further revelation in the study happened to be the cross country correlations which unveiled that two countries (Ghana and Nigeria) emerged to have a moderate degree of symmetrical relationship using the study macroeconomic variables of interest, real exchange rate and misaligned real exchange rate. Keywords: currency union, economic performance, misaligned real exchange rate, GMM, WAMZ
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