IOSR-JEF   Volume-11 ~ Issue-5 ~ Sep. – Oct. 2020

Abstract: This paper examines the symmetric and asymmetric effects of Nigeria's inflation on government expenditure using the linear and nonlinear ARDL frameworks and annual data from 1981 to 2018. The result showed robust evidence of symmetric and asymmetric co-integration between inflation and government expenditure. The linear ARDL model and Toda-Yamamoto causality test with structural breaks are robust, performed well and confirmed that Nigeria's inflation increased government expenditure. We observed that in Nigeria, government expenditure exerted positive impacts on economic output in both short and long run. The paper recommends solving inflation challenges, with the objective of achieving sustainable long-run growth and prosperity, since the structure of the Nigerian economy is such that about 10 per cent increase in inflation translates to higher expenditure by government.

Keywords: Symmetric, Asymmetric, Linear and nonlinear ARDL, Toda-Yamamoto, Inflation and Government Expenditure. Jel. Classification: G14, G15

Abstract: Background: The objective of this study was to estimate the total discounted financial worth of the human lives lost in Italy from Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). Materials and Methods: This study used the net output approach (or human capital approach) to estimate the total discounted financial worth of the 35,412 human lives lost in Italy from Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) as of 20 August 2020. The main data sources were the Worldometer COVID-19 database, the International Monetary Fund World Economic Outlook Database, the WHO Global Health Expenditure Database, and the Statista database. The economic model was first estimated, assuming Italy's average life expectancy at birth of 84.07 years and a 3% discount rate. Subsequently, the model was recalculated to gauge the impact of changes in (a) discount rate from 3% to 5% and 10%; and (b) assumed average life expectancy from 84.07 years to 73.2 years (world's average) and 88.17 (world's highest).......

Keywords: Coronavirus; COVID-19; Gross domestic product; Italy;Net output approach; Value of life

Abstract: Technological innovation has conceived digital financial products which has enhanced access to financial banking services. These financial innovations have altered traditional banking services and its ultimate value addition to financial services cannot be ignored. Consequently, the current study was undertaken with the general objective as establishing relationship between financial innovations adoptions and financial deepening of commercial banks in Kenya. Mainly, the study explored the relationship between mobile banking, ATM banking, online banking and internet banking and commercial banks financial deepening. In addition, moderating effect of bank size....

Keywords: Financial deepening, Financial innovations, Agency banking, ATM banking, Online banking, Mobile banking.

Abstract: This paper examines the sustainability of the Ivorian debt over the period 1984-2017. ARDL's estimates of the fiscal reaction function indicate a positive long-term response of the primary balance to the increase in the Ivorian public debt ratio. The results of Johansen's cointegration tests show the absence of a cointegrating relationship between resources and current expenditure, thus proving that the Ivorian debt is not sustainable. Hence, the need to strengthen commitments to long-term fiscal discipline..

Abstract: This paper attempts to investigate the importance of the industrial and agricultural sector in Afghanistan's GDP. For this purpose, the secondary data for three years (2016-17, 2017-18, and 2018-19) are used. It was found that industrial and agricultural sectors play fundamental role in the country's GDP. The study found that industrial sector contributes more than 21 percent, and the agriculture sector more or less 20 percent to GDP. In addition, it was found that private sector play stronger role than the public sector in the country's GDP. Moreover, fruits were major component in the foreign trade therefore; it is comprised 46 percent of the Export sector. During the study, it was found that....

Keywords: Industrial sector, Agricultural sector, GDP, exports..

Abstract: This paper examines the impact of macro-economic variables on stock market price in Nepal using monthly data over the period of 2016 January to 2019 December. Data were sourced from Nepal Rastra Bank, SEBON, NEPSE and Ministry of Finance. This study uses correlation analysis and regression model to examine such impact. The result of such test suggests that there is negative correlation between exchange rate, interest rate measured by (91 days: Treasury bill) and Stock Price indicated by NEPSE Index whereas there is positive correlation between inflation and stock price. From the regression analysis it is found that exchange rate and short term interest rate are a significant variable which means they have significant impact on stock price. But inflation is insignificant variable which means that it hasinsignificant impact on stock price in Nepal. This study helps to understand a key macro-economic variable that have major impact so that it helps to design policies to stimulate the stock market performance in Nepal.

Keywords: Exchange rate, Interest rate, Inflation, Stock price, Correlation, Regression analysis.

Abstract: This paper examined whether the monetary approach to Balance of Payment holds in Nepal. The paper used time series for data spanning between july-1975 to july-2018 on variable such as NFA, GDP, CPI, NDC, TB and ER and data were sourced from NRB and ministry of finance. The paper found that an increase in TB has a negative effect on NFA and vice-versa and other variables such as GDP, CPI, NDC and ER were found to be significant using two different tools correlation and regression analysis.. The study therefore concluded that monetary variables play the vital role to stabilize the BOP for small and open country like Nepal.

Keywords: Net foreign assets, Gross domestic product, Consumer price index, Trade balance and Exchange rate.