IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-12 ~ Issue-12 ~ December 2018

Abstract: Motivated by the high mortality and morbidity associated with diarrhea, and the increase in number of cases among children below five years, the paper analysed the environmental and hygiene factors affecting diarrhea occurrence in Enugu State and to fashion out some strategies that can be adopted to prevent and control the disease in the area. The study was to ascertain if there is a discernible pattern of environmental and hygiene factors affecting diarrhea occurrence in Enugu State from 2007 to 2016. A longitudinal survey was carried out. Data on diarrhea was collected from the seven District Hospitals in Enugu State which included Enugu Ezike District Hospital, Nsukka......

[1]. Gubai, C. C. Disposal of Children Feaces and Implication for the Control of Childhood Diarrhea. Journal of the Royal Society of Health,2008, 124(60): 276 – 9.
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[3]. Dady, A. O. An Analytical Framework for the Study of Child Survival in Developing Countries. Strategies for Research Supplements to Population and Development, 2003, 10: 25 – 45.
[4]. Kenrad, C and Carlyn, S. Common Childhood killer Diseases Associated with Climatic Conditions. A Global Review, 2008, Medical News Today (2012, September 18)
[5]. Mathew, E.F., Loannis, A .B., John, k., George , K .D. Publication of International Centre for diarrhea Disease Research, Bangladesh, 2005...

Abstract: Two biscuit samples were produced by supplementing wheat flour with 10 % orange peel and 10 % orange pulp respectively. A third sample was produced with 100 % wheat flour which served as the control. The biscuit samples were stored at ambient temperature for six months. At monthly intervals samples were analyzed for moisture and peroxide values and every two months the following sensory properties were analyzed color, flavor, taste, texture and overall acceptability on a 9 - point hedonic scale (1= dislike extremely and 9 like extremely). The temperature and relative humidity of the storage environment were determined daily. Results showed that storage did not adversely affect the sensory properties of the biscuits. At the end of the storage period the sensory attributes were still rated high. There was no sign of mould growth, peroxide value was still low and there was no off flavor.

Keywords: Biscuit, orange, peel, pulp, sample, storage

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Abstract: Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh, is one of the populous Mega Cities in the world. As the growth of urban population taking place at an exceptionally rapid rate, the city is unable to cope with changing situations due to their internal resource constraints and management limitations. In recent years Dhaka City is facing extensive water logging during the monsoon (May to October) as a common and regular problem of the city which corresponds water pollution, traffic congestion, air and noise pollution, solid waste disposal etc. Another main water related problem is the water scarcity during summer as continuous depletion rate of ground water table. This paper focuses on how the sponge city concept can help the city to overcome from this situation for better aspect.

[1]. Tong He, Wang Jianlong, Che Wu, Li Junqi, NieAihua. The Methodological Discussion on Urban Planning on the Concept of Sponge City [J]. South Architecture, 2015(4): 108-114.
[2]. Yu Jianmin, Zhou Jingzeng, KeHexin, Wang Weidong.Exploration on Model of the Spongy Body City Construction and Exploitation for Hangzhou [J]. Zhejiang Construction, 2015, 32(10): 51-53.
[3]. Han Xu, Zhao Yaqian. "Sponge" Developmenting Sponge City Construction [J]. Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment, 2016, 38(5): 708-714.
[4]. Wu Danjie, Zhan Shengze, Li Youhua, TuManzhang, ZhengJianyang, GuoYingyuan, PengHaiyang. New Trends and Practical Research on the Sponge Cities with Chinese Characteristics [J]. China Soft Science, 2016(1): 79-97.
[5]. JiaweiCai, Zhenfei Zhang, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, 473000, China, Development of "Sponge" in Sponge City Construction, Architecture and Machinery Conference(ICEAMC 2017)..

Abstract: The research is aimed to determined the financial feasibility of the dry salted fish processing industry of Tatah Mina Group, South Kalimantan. The production of dry salted fish need salt which fucntion as natural preservative and gave flavour to the product. Changes in the purchase price of salt would give an impact on production costs and affect the selling price. Result showed that the processing of dry salted fish is still feasible to continue for the next 5 years until the interest rate of 9% with absolute profit value is Rp. Rp 46,594,359.63, Net BCR of 1,64 and IRR of 31,633%. The advantages of dry salted fish processing business are not sensitive to increase of salt prices, but sensitive enough to decrease a product prices of 3%. The suggest of this research that need diversification of fish species for processing dry salted fish, efficient use of salt, and need to maintain the quality of dry salted fish to prevent a decline in selling prices.

Keywords: Dry Salted Fish, Salt, The Financial Business.

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[4]. Al-Jufaili MS and Opara LU (2006) status of fisheries postharvest industries in the sultanante of oman : part 1 handling and marketing system of fresh fish. Journal of fisheries international 1: 144-149.
[5]. Helena rocklinsberg. 2015. Fish consumption: choices in the intersection of public concern, fish welfare, food security, human health, and climate change. Journal Agric Environ Ethics 28:533-551

Abstract: Noodles, a staple food was produced from blends of orange fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) (Ipomea batatas) and Sesame (Sesamum indicum) as a composite flour and substituting with Wheat flour (Triticum aestivum) at different proportions of 100:0:0 (Wheat), 90:5:5 (Wheat, OFSP, Sesame), 80:10:10 (Wheat, OFSP, Sesame) and 80:15:5 (Wheat, OFSP, Sesame). These formulated blends were used to produce noodles and the noodles were subjected to proximate analysis and sensory evaluation. Results from the proximate analysis revealed that fat, fiber and ash were higher in the formulated blends than the control while Carbohydrate and Protein decreased with increase in OFSP. Moisture content of the control was higher and significantly different (p<0.05) from other samples. The result of the Sensory evaluation based on a nine-point hedonic scale showed that apart from the control which was the most acceptable, noodles supplemented with OFSP up to 15% and Sesame 5% were acceptable by the panelists.

Keywords: Noodles, Orange Fleshed Sweet Potato (OFSP), Physicochemical properties, Quality assessment, Sesame.

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Abstract: In recent years, research efforts in the developing countries have focused on the improvement of nutritional quality of food products due to mass malnutrition. The dietary management of diabetes recommends the use of stiff plantain dough (amala), a starchy staple food in some parts of Africa including Nigeria. This research study investigated the effect of the addition of moringa leaf powder on the proximate composition and mineral content of plantain flours and their corresponding stiff dough (amala). The sensory evaluation of the amala was determined. The stiff plantain doughs were produced using different levels of plantain flour substituted with moringa leaf powder ranging............

Keywords: Nutritional Composition, Sensory Evaluation Stiff Dough (Amala), Plantain Flour. Moringa Leaf Powder.

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Abstract: The present work was intended for collection, isolation, identification and classification of some freshwater algae. It was implemented with irregular visits during spring and summer 2017 from some sites in the City of Shahat, Libya. A total of 39 species of algae was recorded in the study area. Our results were found, sixteen species (41.03%) belongs to Chlorophyta (13 families), seven species (17.95%) owned to Cyanophyta (4 families),Fifteen species (38.46%) belong to Bacillariophyta (12 families) and one species (2.56%) belong to Charophyta. Most of the species were Chlorophyta, followed by Bacillariophyta, a few species of Cyanophyta. It was also noted the large abundance of Chara alga during the spring and summer.This may refer to climate change such as temperature and rainfall

Keywords: Chlorophyta, Bacillariophyta, Cyanophyta , isolation, freshwater

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Abstract: TA human physiologically-based biokinetic (PBBK) model for the trio mixture of mercury, lead and selenium which was developed in an earlier study has been modified into a mixture model for a pregnant mother/fetus. The modified model was capable of simultaneously simulating the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) properties of these three elements in a pregnant mother and her fetus. This model consists of three pairs (a pair for each of the elements, lead, mercury and selenium) of maternal/fetal models which were integrated into a single model. This model was adapted and employed to investigate the health risk posed to a pregnant mother............

Keywords: physiologically-based, biokinetic, interaction, pregnancy, mother, fetus.

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[5]. D. D. Maza, and J. O. Ojo. Development of human pbbk models for mixtures: Binarymixtures of mercury/selenium, and lead/selenium. Ife Journal of Science, 18(4):1019-1040, 2016...

Abstract: Evaluation of biodegradation potentials of two fungal species (Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus arrhizus) isolated from a crude oil spilled site in Rivers State. The experimental set-up was done to determine degradation rates of fungal species during an incubation period of 28days. Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon content was taken on a bi-weekly basis while the Total Viable Count and pH readings were taken on a weekly basis respectively. Four experimental set-ups were used: mineral salt broth with crude oil (Control), Aspergillus species in mineral salt broth with crude oil (Set-up 1), Rhizopus species in mineral salt broth with crude oil (Set-up 2) and Aspergillus species +Rhizopus species..........

Keywords: Biodegradation potential, Aspergillus, fungal consortium, Rhizopus, mineral salt broth, pH, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon.

[1]. Ojumu, T., Bello, O., Sonibare, J., & Solomon, B. (2004). Evaluation of microbial systems for ioremediation of petroleum refinery effulents in Nigeria. African Journal of Biotechnology, 4, 31-35.
[2]. Obire, O., & Anyanwu, E. (2009). Impacts of various concentrations of crude oil on fungal populations of soil. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech, 6(2), 211-218.
[3]. Ogbolosingha, A., Essien, E., & Ohiri, R. (2015). Variation of Lipase, Catalase and Dehydrogenase Activities during Bioremediation of Crude Oil Polluted Soil. Journal of Environmental and Health Science, Vol.5, No.14, 128-141.
[4]. Gesinde, A., Agbo, E., Agho, M., & Dike, E. (2008). Bioremediation of some Nigerian and Arabian crude oils by fungal isolates. International Journal of Pure and Applied Science, 2, 37-44.
[5]. Haritash, A., & Kaushik, C. (2009). Biodegradatiion aspects of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs): A review. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 169, 1-15. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.03.137.

Abstract: Production of dried ogi spiced with cloves using response surface methodology was studied. A central composite rotatable experimental design with two factors and five levels was used. The independent factors were maize X1 (1.00 – 3.00kg) and clove X2 (0.40 – 1.00g). The responses were moisture (Y1), protein (Y2), fat (Y3), crude fiber (Y4), ash (Y5), carbohydrate (Y6), and overall acceptability (Y7). Thirteen (13) trials including five replicates were used. The moisture, protein, fat, fiber, ash, carbohydrate and overall acceptability ranged from 6.0-11.30%, 5.40-10.60%, 0.5-1.35%, 3.01-5.23%, 0.52-1.13%, 72-79.15% and 6.2-7.40% respectively. As the quantity of ogi increases, there was increase in the moisture, protein and carbohydrate contents and decrease as cloves increases. The Fat and overall acceptability increases as the quantity of cloves increases. The sensory evaluation revealed that the ogi porridge spiced with cloves from 3.00kg maize and 0.40g clove was most preferred by the panelists.

Keywords: Dried ogi, cloves, response surface methodology

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Abstract: The present investigation has brought out the ground truth, how religious festivals, customs and rituals play a far reaching role to lead the pollution of water. The strength of water pollution of the river Ganga and other streams fluctuates seasonally. Due to further supply of water through heavy rainfall, the DO, BOD, COD, Hardness, Alkalinity, Total Nitrogen in water, Heavy Metals, Detergents, Velocity, Temperature and pHlevel slightly fluctuates during the monsoon. It becomes alarming during the festivals as huge number of pilgrims and tourists gather from different parts of the country and world. Present study concluded that there were minor differences in physico............

Keywords: Ganga River, pollution, physico-chemical parameters, DO, BOD, COD, Hardness, Alkalinity, Total Nitrogen in water, Heavy Metals, Detergents, Velocity, Temperature, Ph

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Abstract: Sorption of two divalent metal ions (zinc Zn(II) and lead Pb(II)) from aqueous solution onto the ammonium activated clay was studied in single and binary component systems. The effects of initial pH, contact time, adsorbent dose and initial metal concentration on the adsorption process were investigated. Experimental data were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models. The maximum percent removal of the metal ions was 99% for Pb(II) and 66% for Zn(II) at adsorbent dosage of 4g/l. At optimum pH of 5, the maximum adsorption capacities of the ammonium...........

Keywords: Ammonium activated clay, Heavy metals, Adsorption, Kinetics, Thermodynamic

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Abstract: Surface soils were collected two weeks before planting and two weeks after harvest and analyzed for some physico-chemical properties. The soil samples were collected from the root area of plants where the leaf samples were obtained. Leaf samples were also taken from two varieties of maize (Zea mays L.) plants during the stem development (at the 9th week of planting) and both were analyzed for Fe content. Correlation analysis between Fe contents of soil before and after planting and Fe contents of leaf during heading was performed to determine the relationship among the variables. The iron contents of the soil samples before planting ranged between 1.27 and 6.50 mg/kg, while the iron contents of soils after harvest ranged between 0.98 and 5.03mg/kg. However, iron contents of the leaf samples ranged from 14.88 to 96.01mg/kg. The correlation between iron contents of soil before planting and after harvest and iron contents of leaves showed a significant effect at the 0.01 level according to statistical analysis. This implies that there was direct relationship between iron contents of leaves and the soil samples analyzed.

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