IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-13 ~ Issue-9 ~ September 2019

Abstract: Poultry farming as an enterprise is important in this time and age of diminishing acreage in terms of landholding in sub-Saharan Africa. Marketing activities are essential in poultry farming, and they include collection, evaluation, and dissemination of marketing information and scheduling of production, thus agricultural extension education plays a major role in the marketing of poultry products. The purpose of the study was to establish the influence of agricultural extension education on the marketing of poultry products in Butere sub-county, Kakamega County, Kenya. The study was guided by the following research question;, to establish the effect of agricultural extension education on the marketing of poultry products. The respondents were; poultry farmers, extension workers, Veterinary/Agricultural...........

[1]. Abwova C G. (2015) Food marketing and rural underdevelopment: A study of an urban supply systern in Ghana. Phi) Thesis Pennsylvania State University, Dept of Geography
[2]. Adongo,D.S(2015) Dilemmas of Agricultural Extension in Pakistan: Food for Thought . Agricultural Research & Extension Network, Network Paper No. 116
[3]. Agbamu,J.O (2015). Rural Extension and Advisory Services—New Direction . Rural Strategy Background Paper No. 9, The World Bank
[4]. Agbo, M., Rousselière, D., &Salanié, J. (2015). Agricultural marketing cooperatives with direct selling: A cooperative–non-cooperative game. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 109, 56-71.
[5]. Agricultural Research Institute Biennial Scientific Conference, Nairobi, Kenya, pp. 1-9.

Abstract: Protein content is a basic and important quality indicator for rice and important for its overall quality during harvesting. Hyperspectral imaging technology(HSI)which is a fast and nondestructive detection technology was used to evaluate the rice (with chaff)protein content and quality. Partial least squares regression(PLSR) was used to build a calibration model (calibration coefficient= 0.992, root mean square error of calibration = 0.697%), across-validation model (cross-validation coefficient= 0.993, root mean square error of cross-validation = 0.624%) and a predictive model (prediction coefficient= 0.970, root mean square error of prediction = 1.03%). The characteristic wavelengths...............

Keywords: Hyperspectral imaging, Rice, Protein content, Partial least squares regression, Characteristic wavelength selection

[1]. Maraseni, Tek Narayan, et al. "An international comparison of rice consumption behaviours and greenhouse gas emissions from rice production." Journal of Cleaner Production 172 (2018): 2288-2300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.11.182

[2]. Sompong, R., et al. "Physicochemical and antioxidative properties of red and black rice varieties from Thailand, China and Sri Lanka." Food chemistry 124.1 (2011): 132-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.05.115

[3]. Lin, Kai, et al. "The arsenic contamination of rice in Guangdong Province, the most economically dynamic provinces of China: arsenic speciation and its potential health risk." Environmental geochemistry and health 37.2 (2015): 353-361. DOI 10.1007/s10653-014-9652-1

[4]. Naito, Shigehiro, et al. "Effects of polishing, cooking, and storing on total arsenic and arsenic species concentrations in rice cultivated in Japan." Food chemistry 168 (2015): 294-301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.07.060

[5]. Wattanasiritham, Ladda, et al. "Isolation and identification of antioxidant peptides from enzymatically hydrolyzed rice bran protein." Food chemistry 192 (2016): 156-162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.06.057

Abstract: Half of the world's population live in cities and towns where many poor urban dwellers are facing problems in gaining access to adequate supplies of nutritionally balanced food. For many urban populations, an important source of food is urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA). A number of people in the urban centers around the world practice urban and peri-urban farming, which offers to make food available to the urban population. Unfortunately, UPA has become a controversial debate due to uncertainties of its positive verses negative effects. As UPA is gaining popularity, its environmental implications are yet to be understood and documented. If not managed well, UPA may lead to serious degradation of the environment like any other human activity. The continued reference..............

Keywords: UPA typologies, urban agriculture, peri-urban agriculture, environment, empirical evaluation

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Abstract: The effect of heating at different temperatures and times on the microbial count and sensory properties of bottled watermelon juice (Citrullus lanatus) samples stored for 4 weeks were evaluated. Standard procedures were used for the evaluation. The results obtained after analysis and precise measurement shows that heat treatment of juice samples is important with respect to shelf stability of bottled water melon juice. Judging from the results of the analysis carried out on the microbial counts of the three samples, it was observed that watermelon juice samples heated at 750C for 15mins coded sample (WMJ1), watermelon juice heated at 600C for 30 mins coded.............

Keywords: heating, temperature, sensory properties, bacteria and fungi counts

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Abstract: International boundaries perceived by many as an ordinary lines that divide one country from another, while is more than that as some of the international boundaries are fascinating, dangerous, long and cumbersome. These makes the international boundaries study interesting. Therefore, since international boundary is important in separating independent nations so in the absence of such physical boundary on the ground, the concern nations perceptions of the boundary is inevitably diverse and without the support of sufficient, accurate knowledge and information could easily spark border skirmishes, tensions, disputes and crises especially when the process of boundary making is incomplete, and erroneous, or is prolonged over a long period of time. Thus, the process of international...........

Keywords: Perceptions, International boundaries, internal border

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Abstract: Sanitation is an unmet basic need in rural areas. Current institutional arrangement to cover the population without access to this human right does not respond to the reality of the segment of the users who are excluded of this service. Most of rural communities in Junín lack of any type of sanitation access. The implementation of standard model of intervention failed to increase the coverage of sanitation due to absence of governance system. For this reason, public-communitary partnership is positioned as an alternative for rural communities in Junín. This research paper analyze the potential of an alliance between local government and community-based associations for an improvement of sanitation services in particular conditions. CENAGRAP experience in Cañar-Ecuador reports outstanding results for widening the coverage of this service for rural communities.

Keywords: Public, communitary, partnership, sanitation, rural, Junín

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Abstract: In order to enhance the stability and utilization of proanthocyanidins, four kinds of microparticles with sustained-release ability of proanthocyanidins were prepared by using starch as the main raw material, embedding proanthocyanidins in low temperature extrusion process, adding or not adding zein and thermostable α-amylase. The optimal sustained release conditions of four kinds of microparticles were explored through the orthogonal experimental design of three factors and five levels. The release rates of proanthocyanidins reached 95.30%, 82.27%, 90.75% and 91.67%, respectively, with a pH of 9, a time of 8h and a different temperature. The results showed that the four kinds of microparticles could protect proanthocyanidins in alkaline.........

Keywords: Microparticles; Sustained-release; α-Amylase; Zein

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Abstract: Vegetables are an excellent source of most of nutrients and essential source minerals that play a vital role in ameliorating food deficit and overcoming nutritional problem. The study was carried out to assess proximate and mineral content of six edible vegetables irrigated with tin mining pond water and those planted around the vicinity during rainy season in three local government areas namely;Bokkos, Barkin – Ladi and Jos – South in North Central Nigeria. The vegetables were analyzed using standard analytical methods of AOAC (2012) and UV spectrophotometer. Vegetable samples were collected from four farms each in three Local Government Areas and analyzed for their proximate value (moisture, ash, protein, crude fibre, and carbohydrate) on dry matter basis.........

Keywords: Nutrients, Essential Minerals, Tin Mining Wastewater, Vegetables

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Abstract: Renewable energy sources are a vital area to look into in the quest for alternatives for fossil-based raw materials and energy. As such, a 14 litres capacity of a digester was designed and constructed and produced 1.2kg per batch of biogas from a mixture of pig dung and cow dung in a ratio of 60 : 40 respectively. The experiment was batch operated and the gas yield after 30 days of retention time was monitored. The digester was charged with the substrate and water forming slurry in a ratio of 1: 1.5 respectively. The mesophilic ambient temperature range attained within the testing period were 30 – 40 oC at retention time of 30days. The result obtained.........

Keywords: Anaerobic digestion, Biogas, Digester, Design, Methane production,

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Abstract: Fruit yogurt was prepared with the addition of grape juice and its effect of on the physicochemical, functional and sensory properties of yogurt was investigated. Yogurts with grape juice at a ratio of 3%, 5% and 7% were prepared and the properties were analyzed along with the control. The pH, syneresis, viscosity and firmness of yogurt were measured and the considerable changes were observed. The adhesiveness, taste, mouthfeel, color, flavor, texture and overall acceptability of grape juice added yogurt were analyzed. The pH value of yogurt was changed dramatically.......

Keywords: Grape juice, Syneresis, Viscosity, Firmness, Sensory evaluation

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