IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-1 ~ Issue-4 ~ Sep–Oct 2012

Abstract: The study was carried out to assess the well water quality in and around Niphad (Nashik District.)The quality was assessed in terms of physicochemical parameter .Well water samples were collected from eleven (11) villages in Niphad taluka, during month June 2012 to July 2012. The physicochemical parameters such as pH,Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Solids (TS), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) , Total Alkalinity (TA), Total Hardness (TH), Calcium (Ca2+), Magnesium (Mg2+) Fluorides(F-),Chloride(Cl-),Sulphate (SO4 2-), were analyzed to know the present status of the well water quality. The results were compared with standards prescribed by ISI 10500-91. It was found that the well water was contaminated at few sampling sites. The remaining sampling sites shows physicochemical parameters within the water quality standards and the quality of water is good and it is fit for drinking purpose.
Keywords:Drinking water, Physiochemical study, Pollution study, Water quality parameters.

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Abstract: Tsunami is very important phenomena in the disaster management problems. Based on the tsunami was occurred in Aceh Indonesia on December 26, 2004 was killed more than 200.000 peoples, the tsunami disaster management become very important to study. One of the studies is disaster management due to the tsunami hazard along shoreline of southern beach of East Java Province Indonesia. According to the geological data, area of east Java Ocean has high potential of earthquake. The history shows that there are many time tsunami occurred in east Java. In 1994 the tsunami was occurred in Kabupaten Banyuwangi (Banyuwangi Regency) beach and was killed 240 peoples. From this initial study, one of the area predicted as dangerous area for the tsunami is Pacitan city. To minimize the effect of tsunami hazard, the tsunami disaster management study was done for Pacitan city. In this research predicting of inundation area caused by tsunami and evacuation road to mitigate from the tsunami was studied. GIS was used as tool to predict the inundation area and evacuation route. From this research it can be shown that GIS is useful to predict the inundation area and evacuation road.
Keywords: Evacuation Road, GIS, Inundation Area, Tsunami

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Abstract:Predicting species habitat in a wildlife sanctuary is essential in management and conservation process of the species. Habitat map appear most capable of providing information on the distribution of large numbers of species in a wider variety of habitat types. Integrated GIS and Remote Sensing have already successfully been applied to map the distribution of several plant and animal species, their ecosystems, landscapes, bio-climatic conditions and factors facilitating invasions. The present study is carried out using the technologies of Remote Sensing and GIS to predict and model the habitat suitability of some herbivorous species of Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary for better management and conservation in a cost-effective way. The paper presents the habitat suitability of the various wildlife species found in the sanctuary. The sanctuary was categorized into 9 habitats - Mixed forest, Dense Forest, Open Forest, Kardhai forest, Khair- Kardhai forest, Dhawa forest, Khair forest, Dry/ Barren land and Water bodies using supervised classification. Wildlife species were surveyed using point count and distance sampling techniques while registering the coordinates with a GPS from 2008 to 2010. Geo-statistical Kriging and Co-Kriging methods were used to calculate the predictable habitat of the wild prey species encountered taking into account the proximity to water availability, habitat type, slope, aspect, distance from human habitats, etc.
Key-words:Remote Sensing, GIS, Geo-statistical Kriging, Wildlife Species, Habitat Suitability Map

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Abstract:This paper study ecological and sustainability issues in earth construction for housing purpose with a view to enlighten the people on what we need to be concern about in using earth materials. The study looked at environmental factors; strategies for sustainable ecological development and benefits of rammed earth as ecological stable material. This paper examined the effect of the usage of earth materials for constructions process in building and it sustainability, the impacts on the environment and way of preventing the possible implications that may result when used. The paper makes strategies and recommendations that could be adopted to sustain the environment.
Key-words:Earth Construction; Ecological Issues; Environmental factors; Housing Sustainability.

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Abstract:Some trace elements; nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), selenium (Se), chromium (Cr) and functional properties of meat from male and female edible frog (EF) were determined using standard methods of analysis. The male and female EF contained the following trace elements in μg/100g; Ni (14.75 ± 0.20 and 12.60 ± 0.50), Pb (8.10 ± 0.05 and 7.64 ± 0.02), Zn (20.15 ± 0.05 and 26.20 ± 0.01), Cr (4.20 ± 0.01 and 4.05 ± 0.01), Cd (0.92 ± 0.01 and 0.88 ± 0.02) and Se (2.84 ± 0.01 and 3.25 ± 0.05) respectively. The functional properties (%) were water absorption capacity WAC (118.20 ± 0.02 and 125.10 ± 0.01), fat absorption capacity FAC (235.50± 0.01 and 242.60± 0.02), fat emulsion capacity FEC (92.10± 0.02 and 95.40± 0.05), foaming capacity FC (34.15±0.05 and 37.50± 0.04) and least gelation capacity LGC (12.00±0.01 and 11.50±0.02) respectively in male and female EF. The results suggest that meat from both male and female EF are safer for consumption due to the concentrations of trace elements compared to the recommended daily allowances (RDA) and would also be useful in other industrial applications especially in food formulation.
Key-words: Trace, element, edible, frog, functional, food, formulation

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Abstract:Proximate, mineral and selected physicochemical characteristics of baobab (Adansonia digitata) seed, pulp and seed- oil were determined using standard analytical methods. The proximate composition (%) of the seed and pulp were as follows; moisture (3.8 ± 0.2 and 11.2 ± 0.2), protein (19.5 ± 0.5 and 3.5 ± 0.1), fat (13.4 ± 0.1 and 0.4 ± 0.1), ash (3.1± 0.1 and 4.5 ± 0.5), crude fibre (15.6 ± 0.5 and 6.1 ± 0.1) and carbohydrate (44.6 and 74.3). Baobab seed, pulp and seed-oil are good source of macro and micro nutrients with potassium (K) being the most predominant element with magnessiun (Mg), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) also present in appreciable quantities. The physicochemical properties also revealed slightly acidic PH for the pulp (5.6 ± 0.2) and oil (6.1 ± 0.1) while the seed was alkaline (8.2 ± 0.1). From the soluble solid content, the pulp contains more sugar than the seed while the titrable acidity of the oil with 3.51 ± 0.10 is higher than 0.65 ± 0.04 of the pulp. The saponification, iodine and acid values of the oil were 218.41 ± 0.20mgKOH/g, 92.10 ± 1.50mgI2/100g and 6.52 ± 0.02 mgKOH/g respectively while the refractive index and specific gravity were 1.498 ± 0.002 and 0.928 ± 0.001. The results presented here established the edibility of the pulp, seed and oil as well as a pointer to its industrial usage.
Key-words:Proximate, mineral, physicochemical, saponification, pulp, oil, seed, edible

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Abstract:This paper addresses the cause and effect of climate change and their various impacts. Earth's climate is determined by complex interactions among the Sun, oceans, atmosphere, cryosphere, land surface and biosphere. The Sun is the principal driving force for Earth's weather and climate. The Sun's energy is distributed unevenly on Earth's surface due to the tilt of Earth's axis of rotation. Over the course of a year, the angle of rotation results in equatorial areas receiving more solar energy than those near the poles. As a result, the tropical oceans and land masses absorb a great deal more heat than the other regions of Earth. The atmosphere and oceans act together to redistribute this heat. As the equatorial waters warm air near the ocean surface, it expands, rises and drifts towards the poles; cooler denser air from the subtropics and the poles moves toward the equator to take its place. This continual redistribution of heat is modified by the planet's west to east rotation and the Coriolis force associated with the planet's spherical shape, giving rise to the high jet streams and the prevailing westerly trade winds. The winds, in turn, along with Earth's rotation, drive large ocean currents such as the Gulf Stream in the North Atlantic, the Humboldt Current in the South Pacific, and the North and South Equatorial Currents. Ocean currents redistribute warmers waters away from the tropics towards the poles. The ocean and atmosphere exchange heat and water, carbon dioxide and other gases. By its mass and high heat capacity, the ocean moderates climate change from season to season and year to year. These complex, changing atmospheric and oceanic patterns help determine Earth's weather and climate.
Key-words:IPCC, TEC, climate change, global warming, 11 year solar cycle.

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Abstract:THyderabad is the 5th largest city in India. It has twin cities Viz., Hyderabad and Secunderabad with its suburbs extending up to 16 miles. The core cities, together with its nine surrounding municipalities are covering an area of 500 square km. The Hyderabad city discharges about 600 million liters per day untreated sewerage water into Musi River. The drinking water in entire area is brought from distant places; they were spending lots of money. There are at least 30 villages with a population of 1.00.000 that are directly affected in this region. The quality of water in Musi is beyond description. The economic impact and the problems created by the pollution is under taken with reference to sample households, the impact is studied under five sections, 1) This section purely scientific tests were conducted for four sample villages, that are Physical, Chemical and Bacteriological water quality parameters are briefly explained through the water sample reports (Institute of Preventive Medicine Hyderabad Andhra Pradesh). 2) Availability and impact of water cost of the selected sample villages. 3) Health problems caused by pollution and medical expenses incurred by sample households. 4) Water pollution affect on the cattle and fish population. 5)Water pollution effects on the traditional occupations .
Key-words:Water pollution, Industrial pollution, Biological Oxygen Demand, Chemically Oxygen Demand, health expenditure, health hazards, health problems.

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Abstract: The estimates of dominant components were greater than additive genetic components for all the traits. Over dominance was noted for all the traits. Dominant genes were more frequently distributed than the recessive genes in all the traits One major gene group was found controlling all the traits except-grain yield per plant which was controlled by more than two major groups of genes Experiment conducted comprising 10 parents and their 45 crosses generated from 10 parent diallel mating design indicated highly significant difference among the treatments for all the 10 characters. The variance component analysis indicated significant role of additive (15) dominant (Hu and H2) genetic components for all the 10 characters.

.
Key-words: Diallel, additive, dominance

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