IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-2 ~ Issue-5 ~ Jan–Feb 2013

Abstract: It is an understatement that security remains one of the principal challenges bedeviling the nation . Real estate as a matter of fact is no exemption. Hence, this paper attempts to consider security challenges as they affect residential real estate in Ado Ekiti, Ekiti-State .The systematic sampling technique was adopted on Adamolekun estate (private) and Irewolede estate (public). Results of findings showed that individual efforts were more pronounced in the area of providing adequate security. The authors concluded by recommending that government should do something substantial to compliment the private efforts, by encouraging community and neighbourhood policing in residential real estate in order to ameliorate security challenges in Nigeria.
Keywords: Ado-Ekiti , challenges, Residential, , Real estate, security,

[1] Agbola T. (1997) Architecture of Fear, Published Research Mimeograph. IFRA, Ibadan. Pp2-3, 119
[2] Azuh, M. (2012) Safeguard your home with affordable security system. Published in Punch Newspaper February 21s.
[3] Downing I. (2007) Centralized Integrated Security optimal for Residential Estate. i to i Technology,South Africa, Internet.
[4] Hannah G. (2011) Professional Home Security Monitoring. Internet.
[5] Johnson, T, Davis, K & Shapiro, E. (2000) Modern Methods of Valuation of Land, Houses and Buildings. Estate Gazette, London
Pp 295-340.
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Conference held in Akure, June 25.
[7] Newman, Oscar (1978) Defensible Space. Crime prevention through Urban Design. Macmillan, New York
[8] Onifade, F. A. (2007) Estate Security. Unpublished Lecture notes on Property Management. The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, Ogun
State, Nigeria.
[9] Olajide, S. E. (2010) Critique of Residential Property Values in a developing Economy. Lecture mimeograph on Advanced
Valuation. Fedpolyado. Pp. 7
[10] Olajide S.E. & Bello I.K (2003) Element of Property Valuation. Campus Publication Ltd Lagos. Pp. 87-90

Abstract: Present communication reports in vivo dose and duration dependent effects of a dioxin (2,3,7,8 TCDD) on few membrane bound ion dependent ATPases of mice hepatocytes. Two hypotheses were tested in this study. Separate groups of mice were exposed to two very low sublethal doses (0.004 mg/kg bw, 0.04 mg/kg bw) of TCDD by daily oral administration for 2, 4 and 6 days. Separate control groups were also maintained which received only corn oil, the vehicle. The results indicated a significant exposure duration dependent alterations in the membrane ATPases. No clear dose dependent effects were observed. The results suggested that the observed alteration in the enzyme activity was possibly due to the oxidative stress generated by TCDD on the membrane-bound ion-dependent ATPases. The results also indicated that the membrane bound hydrophilic ATPases were indeed influenced by the hydrophobic TCDD. However, the effects were possibly indirect through complex chain of reactions exhibited by the cells under in vivo conditions. ROS was suspected to have played an important role in the alterations of membrane transport systems and permeability which caused cellular injury, and thereby exhibiting exposure duration dependent effects.
Keywords: ATPases, Dose & Duration dependent effects, liver, mice ,TCDD

[1] U.S. EPA, Health Assessment Document for 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin (TCDD) and Related Compounds, Office of
Health and Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington, D.C., 1,1994,3-17.
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membranes of 2,3,7,8 tetrachloro dibenzo-p-dioxin, In: Khan MAQ, Stanton RH, editors. Toxicology of halogenated hydrocarbons:
Health and ecological effects, New York : Pergamon Press, 1979, 133-145.
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39, 1982, 215-217.
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mudskipper, Boleophthalmus dentatus. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 21, 1991, 121 – 125.
[7] Pathak S, Kundu R, Short-term PCB (Aroclor 1254) toxicity on few phosphatases in mice brain. Dose Response. 2011 :
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Abstract: Sixteen sediments samples were obtained from eleven beaches along the Cross River channel in Nigeria. The sediments were analysis for heavy metal contaminants such as Fe, Cu, Mn, Cr, Zn, Hg, Pd, Cd, Ni, Ti and V during the wet season of the year 2011 using EDXRF. Hg, Pd, Cd were not detected from all the samples. The most abundant metal detected was iron. Enrichment Factor (EF) of the heavy metal contaminants in the sediments calculated ranged from 20.000 – 0.133, indicating significant enrichment of the sediments sampled at some locations due to human activities. The geo-accumulation Index (Igeo) calculated shows no contamination to moderate contamination.
Keywords: Sediments, heavy metals, Enrichment factor, geo-accumulation index, contaminants, elements

[1] Adeyemo, O. K., Adedokun, O. A., Yusuf, R. K and Adeleye, E. A. (2008). Seasonaal changes in physio-chemical parameters
and nutrient load of river sediment in Ibadan city, Nigeria. Global Nest Journal 10(3): 326 – 336.
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Doula, Cameroon. The Journal for science and Engineering 31(2A): 147 – 158.
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Abstract: Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) was carried out around a municipal solid waste dumpsite with the objective of monitoring spatial and temporal variations of dumpsite emissions in soil and groundwater along four (4) traverse lines. Results show that the baseline exhibits less spatial and temporal variations in resistivities than the monitor data along each traverse. The study revealed that the dumpsite was in its exothermic phase of activity in the first two years of active waste dumping and endothermic at the cessation of waste dumping and final reclamation after four years of operation. The exothermic phase was characterized by the production of enormous volumes of leachate and relatively conductive waste gases, predominantly Carbon dioxide (CO2), Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and Ammonium (NH3), by infiltrating rainwater through the waste pile, groundwater inflow and aerobic decomposition of waste matter. The endothermic phase is accompanied by the production of more waste gases than leachate, especially the non-conductive methane gas (CH4) and nonmethane volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by the anaerobic decomposition of waste matter due to compaction effects resulting in the inhibition of the circulation of oxygen-rich air within the waste pile. The dump was observed to be at the peak of its methanological phase during the endothermic cycle. This is especially pronounced in the resistivity of the monitor data situated at the edge of the dumpsite, which exhibits anomalously high resistivities compared to the baseline due to increased non-conductive methane gas generation, VOCs, and reduced temperature within the dump. The reference data exhibits intermediate resistivities relative to the traverses closer to the dumpsite. The waste gases dominate at this offset, while the impact of leachate has considerably reduced.
Keywords: Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT), Baseline data, Monitor data, Dumpsite, and Solid waste

[1] C.N. Ehirim and W. Ofor, Assessing Aquifer Vulnerability to Contaminants near Solid Waste Landfill Sites in a Coastal
Environment, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Trends in Applied Sciences Research: 6(2), 2011, 165-173.
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Hydrogeological and Engineering Investigations at a former Waste Disposal Site. Geophysics, 71, 2006, 231-239.
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Using Geoelectrical Imaging Technique: A Case Study in Malaysia. Journal of Spatial Hydrology. 6(2), 2006, 13-22.
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Caglian, Italy, On October 6th -10th 2003, 2003, 1-10.
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and Vertical Electrical Sounding Methods in Port Harcourt Municipality, Rivers State, Nigeria. Pacific Journal of Science and
Technology. 10(2), 2009b, 604-613.
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Abstract: The radiological impact of a municipal solid waste dumpsite on soil and groundwater in Port Harcourt municipality was investigated by integrating 2-D resistivity imaging and gamma-ray spectroscopy. The objectives of the study were to determine the lateral and vertical limits of leachate contamination and to evaluate the radioactivity concentrations in soil and groundwater. Results show that the soil and ground water have been contaminated by dumpsite emissions and radioactive materials throughout the dumpsite area. The distribution of the contaminations is uneven and spotty, both horizontally and vertically, and has penetrated to depths exceeding 31m into the ground water aquifer. The primary contaminants found in the site were leachate, waste gases, and the radionuclides of 40K, 226Ra, and 228Ra. The mean absorbed dose rates of 31.98nGy/hr, 10.51nGy/hr and 6.98nGy/hr, and mean dose rate equivalents of 0.28mSv/yr, 0.09mSv/yr and 0.06mSv/yr were obtained for the soil, leachate and groundwater samples, respectively. The mean absorbed and equivalent dose rates in the soil and water samples were greater than their controls, suggesting that the dumpsite area is contaminated. These results are comparable to those reported for other waste sites in the area and lower than the maximum permitted limits for the general public of 1mSv/yr and 0.1mSv/yr for soil and water, respectively. These therefore, have no immediate radiological health burden on the inhabitants who depends on the soil and groundwater for their crops and potable water supply. However, with continuous consumption of crop products and intake of groundwater, increase in the activity concentration and dose rates of these radionuclides may occur over time, which will have adverse effects on humans.
Keywords: Resistivity Imaging, Leachate, Gamma-Ray Spectrometry, Radionuclides, Absorb Dose Rate and Equivalent Dose Rate.

[1] United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects and Risks of Ionizing Radiation, Source, Effects and Risks of Ionizing
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Abstract: The present communication reports the dose and exposure dependent effects of a dioxin on few ion dependent membrane bound ATPases of mice kidney. Effects of TCDD on the specific activity of few membrane bound ATPases viz., Total ATPase, Na+ K+ ATPase, Ca++ ATPase, Mg++ ATPase, Ca++ , HCO3 - ATPase, Mg++, HCO3 - ATPase were observed. Two basic hypotheses were tested viz., (a) the sublethal in vivo exposure of TCDD evokes a dose and duration dependent effects on the membrane bound ATPases of the renal cells of mice and (b) TCDD possibly has a direct effect on the membrane bound ATPase system. Two groups were exposed to two sublethal doses (0.004 mg/kg bw/d, 0.04 mg/kg bw/d) of TCDD by a daily oral administration for 2, 4 and 6 days. A separate control group received corn oil for same exposure duration. The results indicated predominant exposure duration dependent alterations in membrane bound ATPases. In conclusion, the results suggested that the membrane bound ATPases were indeed influenced by the TCDD exposure. However, the effects were possibly indirect, by complex chains of reactions exhibited by the cells when subjected to the toxic stress.
Keywords: ATPases, Dose & Duration dependent toxicity, Kidney, mice, TCDD

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Abstract: Northern white-cheeked gibbon (N. leucogenys/ Nomascus leucogenys) is one of 18 gibbon species with currently status of Endangered Threat in the world. Northern white-cheeked gibbon is mainly distributed in tropical Asia. In Vietnam, N. lecogenys is mostly concentrated in the north of the country. In recently years, Vietnam more and more is clearly confirmed distribution of the largely population of N. leucogenys. About 18 areas of northern Vietnam with less 80 groups are recognized about surviving of the gibbons, especially the largest numbers of population of N. leucogenys in Pu Mat National Park. However, Vietnam also deals with many changeless to conservation and management by mainly pet trade and degradable habitats. Thus, the research refers some suggestions in conservation and management of gibbons. In the future, Vietnam, threatened problems relating to conservation of gibbons have been solved and prevented, can become the key of the natural conservation center of N. leucogenys in the world..
Keywords: Vietnam, Northern white-cheeked gibbon (N. leucogenys), Gibbons, Conservation

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