IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-4 ~ Issue-1 ~ May–June 2013

Abstract: Hydrocarbon degrading microorganisms play a major role in the environment.. The purpose of the present study was to enumerate of Aeromanas sp from oil contaminated soil and to study degrading capacity, emulcification activity and production of biosurfactant. The hydrocarbon substrate specificity test shown that diesel is also one of the best substrate for growth and emulsification of biosurfactant by Aeromonas. Among 6 strains of Aeromonas, frist strain(A1) shows maximum degradation rate at end of 168 hrs upto19.37% followed by other strains, about 75% of diesel was degraded by Aromonas over a period of 7days. Emulsification upto 75% by A1 followed by A2(63.75%) ,A3(57.5%), Biosurfactant production by A1 strain 0.064g/1 followed by other strains it represents a new type of biosurfactant with strong emulsifying ability.

Keywords: Aeromonas, Biosurfactant ,Diesel, Emulsify, Soil

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Abstract: In artisanal and small-scale gold mine (ASGM) area of West Lombok, Indonesia, gold is recovered through a two-stage process of amalgamation and cyanidation. Tailing is discharged to land with no concern for contaminants in the tailings. Phytoremediation could cost-effectively replace traditional mercury remediation strategies. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of six wild plant species (Lindernia crustacea (L.) F., Digitaria radicosa Miq., Zingiber purpurium Roxb., Paspalum conjugatum L., Cyperus kyllingia Endl., and Caladium bicolor L.) for phytoremediation of soil contaminated with mercury of gold cyanidation tailings. This study was conducted in a shade house located nearby a cyanidation processing facility of ASGM at Sekotong Distrik of West Lombok. Samples of tailings-uncontaminated soil were mixed with samples of cyanidation tailings with the proportion of 30%: 70% (w/w). Each of the six plant seedlings was planted in a plastic pot containing 15 kg of soil-tailings mixture. At harvest (9 weeks), shoots and roots were analyzed for mercury concentration In general, the results indicated that none of the plant species were identified as hyperaccumulator. Based on BCFs, TFs, and BAC, L.crustacea, D.radicosa, P. conjugatum and C. kyllingia can be used for phytoextraction of Hg since they were efficient to take up and translocate mercury from roots to shoots. On the other hand, Z. purpureum and C. bicolor can be used for phytostabilization of mercury.

Keywords –gold mine, mercury, phytoextraction, tailings

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Abstract: The study aimed to know the effect of cement industry pollutant viz. SPM, RSPM on morphological as well as yield characteristics of groundnut plants grown at different distance from the cement industry at Kodinar, Gujrat, India. The groundnut plant near the industry showed significant deterioration in morphological characteristics. The study indicated that parameters reductions in groundnut correlated directly with particulate pollutant which led to lower yield at more polluted site. Increased concentration of cement dust pollutant causes in visible injuries like progressive decline in photosynthetic ability and closure of leaf stomata and this affect the growth and productivity of the plant.

Keywords- Cement industry, Growth parameter, Chlorophyll, Groundnut and yield.

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Abstract: Plant species used in the treatment of skin diseases among the indigenous communities of G. Madugula Mandalam, Visakhapatnam District was conducted between 2012-2013. Thirty three plant species belonging to 23 families were found to be used specifically in the treatment of various skin diseases.

KeyWords: Folklore treatment, Skin diseases, Tribal people, G.Madugula Mandalam, Visakhapatnam District

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Abstract: MandiGobindgarh in Fatehgarh Sahib District of Malwa region is the second biggest industrial town in Punjab. Its industry includes 89 induction furnaces, 38 cupola furnaces, 1 arc furnace, 247 steel rolling mills, 13 refractories and forging industry each and 3 lead extraction units. It stands the 17th most polluted industrial town in India. (The Tribune India: 9 Dec 2011) and is one among the list of 43 critically polluted industrial hubs of the country on which the ministry had imposed a moratorium. (Indian Express: 09 Dec 2012). The polluted air has affected almost all the population of MandiGobindgarhie. 155,416 persons in 2012. They are specially affected by high dust and smoke particulate pollutants through industrial units and smoke from vehicles and generators. The population showed a higher prevalence of symptoms of respiratory problems, angina and cardiovascular disease. The rural area around the city too stands polluted due to industrial smoke, dust and ‗the burning of over 20 million tons of paddy husk by Punjab's farmers' triggered smog.' (Times of India 12 Dec 2012).

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Abstract: The quality of groundwater of fifty one wells for drinking water from Alshati district was assessed for its suitability for drinking. Water samples were collected and analyzed for various physico-chemical parameters such as pH, Temperature (°C), Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Hardness (TH), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Alkalinity (Alk), Chloride (Cl-), Iron (Fe++), Manganese (Mn++), Calcium (Ca++), Magnesium (Mg++), Nitrate (NO3-), Sodium (Na+), Potassium (K+), Sulphate (SO4--) and Phosphate (PO4--). The results revealed that some parameters of water samples were out of limit according to the WHO standards and Libyan standards for drinking water. The results shows rising of Fe++ and Mn++ in most of the wells studied, rising of Ca++ in water samples of wells of Al-Mansura and Abu-gadgud, rising of SO4--, TDS and EC in water samples of wells of Idri, and rising of Cl- in water samples of Idri, Waanzarik, Taamasan, Al-Mansura and Al-kadra. NO3- was also rising in water samples of wells of Mahruga and Bergen.

Keywords - Groundwater, Alshati district, physico-chemical parameters, WHO standard

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Abstract: Fish which is an important diet of millions across the world is under severe threat caused by climate change. Changes in fish population and ecosystem from climate change are likely to have resulting impacts on fisheries sector and national economics. Climate change may also directly affect fishing operations and fishing communities independently of impacts on fish and ecosystem. Uran coast which forms the part of main land of Konkan lies along the Eastern of Bombay harbor opposite Colaba. Coastal ecosystem in and around Uran is very likely to be affected by climate change. However, illiterate fishermen community is not aware regarding causes of climate change and its terrible consequences. Therefore, a survey is being conducted, on what fishermen in Uran and around Uran think about climate change, climate change science, and schemes of State and central Government of India to fight out climate change effects. The aim of the survey was to identify whether fishermen, knows that climate change is real one and their attitude towards possible issues of climate change. Over 500 fishermen in and around Uran were surveyed during January to May 2010 for their views on climate change issues. It has been noticed that most of the fishermen were unaware about climate change and its consequences. However, they are worried about declining fisheries resources. Concerned over the depleting fish count, one of the fishermen expressed view that they used to get fresh Pomfret and prawns in the creek. But due to severe chemical emission from industries, a large number of fish have died. The emission is really bad during the monsoon, which is breeding period of the fish. Response of fishermen was divided into three groups like skeptics, acceptors and undecided. Among the problems faced by fishermen limiting fishing days, quality and quantity of harvested fish was voiced by fishermen and they are looking forward to Government to protect fish resources and help to improve their standard of life. The results of present survey also reveal importance of awareness program about climate change among the fishermen community.

Key Words: Uran, Fishermen, Fish, Climate, Ecosystem

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