IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-7 ~ Issue-1 ~ Nov–Dec 2013

Abstract: Antimony (iii)iodovanadate has been synthesized under varying ratio of antimony trichloride, sodium metavanadate and potassium iodate solutions. The synthesized material shows ion exchange capacity 2.67meq/g for Na+ ions. The material has been characterized on the bases of IR, XRD and TGA. The chemical stability of the material has been determined in acid and base solutions of different concentration. Thermal stability of this exchanger has also been determined. Distribution studies exhibit maximum Kd value for Ni ++ and minimum for Pb ++ . The utility of the exchanger is revealed from the binary seperations. The exchanger has been employed to achieve Binary seperations Ni-Zn, Ni-Pb, Pb-Zn and Pb- Mg pairs.

Keywords: Inorganic cation exchanger, Ion exchange capacity, Chemical stability, Thermal stability, Distribution coefficient, Biary Seperation..

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Abstract: Suspended particulate matter is considered to be a major air pollutant which is deteriorating plant and animal life. The Particulate matter, particularly less than 10 micron in size can pass through the natural protective mechanism of human respiratory system and play very important role in genesis augmentation of health problems .Ambient air quality was monitored along with the seasonal variations and results are discussed. For the mitigation of air pollution problem in the city, the different control strategies have been discussed.

Keywords:Suspended Particulate Matter, Vehicular Emissions and High Volume Air Sampler

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Abstract: This article was the object of a practical work of physics applied with the first-year students in renewable energy, within the framework of the works a part is dedicated to the technique of weld, metallic construction and the other one to the education to the environment and sustainable development. It becomes integrated perfectly into the current program of this sector (thermal source, efficiency, been of characteristics, modeling). The objective is to model a solar cooker then to see how we can design it by means of accessible material. We compare the results obtained under miscellaneous slopes and period of the year.

Keywords: solar cooker, Niger cooker, renewable energy Niger, solar cooking, sabo murfu

[1] Methods of calculation of the renewable energies; VISSARIONOV Vladimir Ivanovitch and Deriojina J. V., H.K. Malinin, Burmisov A.A ., Kusnesov V.A.

[2] Duffie, Has. And John Beckman, William A. 2006: engineering of solar thermal processes, Wiley.

[3] Henning, HM on 2003: assisted solar air conditioning of buildings - A manual worker for the planners.

[4] Peuser, Has. Felix, Remmers, Karl-Heinz and Schnauss, Martin, on 2002: thermal solar systems, a good planning and of construction,

[5] THERMAL SOLAR ENGINEERING OF PROCESSED: Jon Duffie, WilliamA Beckman; John Wiley and Sounds: New-York

[6] FUNDAMENTAL OF HEAT TRANSFER: Frank Incropera, David p. Dewitt; John Wiley and Sounds, New- York

[7] Electric Conversion of the renewable energies ( CEER); MAHER Chaabene, Lecturer in the ISEC of SFAX

Abstract: Listeria monocytogenes is a pathogenic bacteria of great concern in the food industry due to its wide distribution in the environment, its ability to grow at low temperatures and relatively high salt levels, and the potential severity of the infection with high mortality, mainly in pregnant women, the elderly and immunocompromised patients. Food-borne listeriosis remains a public health threat. One hundred forty two minced raw meat samples were collected from various points (processing plants, hotels, restaurants, retail outlets, caterers and wholesalers) and were analyzed for the detection of L. monocytogenes by conventional culture and Real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR). Our results showed frequent contamination of raw minced meats (21%). Our statistical analysis showed a relatively correlation (R2 = 0.637, p <0.01) between the two methods, while the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative PCR method predictive values were respectively 30, 92, 37 and 97%. Continuous environmental monitoring schemes for L. monocytogenes are of major importance to identify potential contamination sources and as an early warning system for meat business operators. Hence, the detection of L. monocytogenes by Real-time PCR method allows good control of the health risk.

Keywords: Control, Health risk, Listeria monocytogenes, Minced raw meat, Real-time PCR

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[3] A Leclercq, V. Chenal-Francisque, H. Dieye, T. Cantinelli, R. Drali, S. Brisse, M. Lecuit, Characterization of the novel Listeria monocytogenes PCR serogrouping profile IVb-v1, International Journal of Food Microbiology, 147(1), 2011, 74–77.
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[8] M Arevalos-Sánchez, C. Regalado, S.E. Martin, J. Domínguez-Domínguez and B.E. García-Almendárez, Effect of neutral electrolyzed water and nisin on Listeria monocytogenes biofilms, and on listeriolysin O activity. Food Control, 24,(1-2), 2012, 116-122
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Abstract: IORS ENVIRONMENT Roselle, moringa, ginger and 'ugwu' are food plants eaten as vegetables or spices in most communities in Nigeria. The protective efficacy of the extracts of these plants was evaluated in the livers and kidneys of albino rats exposed to cement dust around a polluted environment. Six groups of rats comprising 18 rats each were exposed to cement dust at 200 m from a cement factory in Southwest, Nigeria. The control group was administered distilled water, while the test groups were fed with 400 mg kg-1 ethanol extracts of roselle, moringa, ginger, 'ugwu' and a mixture of the extracts of the plants for 180 days. They were subsequently sacrificed for the histopathological studies of the harvested livers and kidneys. The organs of the control rats presented abnormal cellular architecture, vascular congestion and inflammation whereas normal cellular pattern, slight inflammation and no vascular congestion were evident in the group that received the mixture. However, the organs of the rats administered the extracts of roselle, moringa, ginger and 'ugwu' respectively, presented normal and moderate to severe conditions of the histopathological abnormalities observed in the control group. These results suggest that these food plants could play a role in healthcare delivery, through bioprotection of the livers and kidneys of inhabitants of polluted environments, and may also be useful in ameliorating the effects of occupational hazards.

Keywords: Cement dust, Extract, Bio-protective, Histopathological, Ameliorate.

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Abstract: In this study the effluent from General Cotton Mill Limited was analysed with respect to the dyestuff. The General Cotton Mill Ltd is an industry involved in textile manufacture which involves a lot of use of dyestuff and since some dyestuff can be environmental hazards, it became necessary to investigate the effluent to ascertain the safety of the effluent. The effluent was extracted with acetone, hexane and petroleum spirit (400 C- 600 C).Petroleum spirit was the best extracting solvent. The extract was chromatographically separated and subjected to UV visible, infrared and LD50 determination. There were two major dye components in the extract, blue and purple coloured dyes. The UV corresponding to the blue dye is 500nm while that of the purple dye is 520nm. The functional groups obtained from the IR are primary amide (RCONH2), sulphonic group (HSO3), vinyl group (-CH=CH2), alkyl chloride (C-Cl), aromatic amine group. These IR frequencies are in consonant with that found in most fiber reactive dyes. At an LD50 test of 500mg/kg, no death or sign from experimental animal (mice) was observed, which suggest that the extract dye is non toxic. Keywords: Dyestuff, Effluent, Environmental Hazards, LD50, Fiber Reactive Dyes

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Abstract: Pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel is a nutritive, antioxidant rich byproduct, easily available after production of pomegranate juice and ready to eat arils. The present study is undertaken to know the nutritional importance of fresh and detanninated pomegranate peel powder. Fresh pomegranate peel collected after juice extraction from Bhagwa variety of pomegranate. Fresh peels were crushed fine through grinder and passed through 2 mm sieve to collect homogeneous and uniform sized pomegranate peel. The crushed peels were divided in to two equal parts in which one part used for detannination and other part used as fresh pomegranate peel. One part of fresh pomegranate peel percolated in equal amount of water for 12 hour. The whole material squeezed through a muslin cloth and find out the detanninated solid peel portion. The fresh and detanninated pomegranate peel were dried in hot air oven and crushed it to get fine powder. Both fresh and detanninated pomegranate peel powder were evaluated for its nutritional value (eg. ash, ether extract, crude protein, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, lignin, nitrogen free extract, metabolized energy, vitamins and minerals) including total tannin content as tannic acid. The fresh pomegranate peel powder showed good nutritional composition with high tannin content but detanninated peel powder showed double benefit i.e. separated hydrolysable tannin/ellagitannin and detanninated pomegranate peel powder containing good amount of nutritional components with appropriate amount of tannin which can be recommended as novel cattle feed supplement.

Keywords: Pomegranate, peel powder, detannination, nutritional value, cattle feed

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Abstract: Flowering plants and insects dominate the flora and fauna of earth's land surface and interactions between them are dominant elements of the terrestrial ecosystems. This study, determined the insect fruit utilizers of the plants Carissa and Jasmine. The study further compared the two plant species in terms of the diversity of insect fruit utilizers and their frequency of visits. Data was collected in the Amurum Forest Reserve, north central Nigeria, between June and July 2011 through video recordings to identify the insect species and their frequency and duration of visits on the two plants. A total of 322 individual insects spread across 20 species were recorded during the study. C. edulis had the highest diversity and abundance of insect species as compared to J. dichotomum. Thirteen insect species were observed exclusively on C. edulis while 3 insect species were exclusive to J. dichotomum. Insect species diversity and frequency of visits differed significantly between the two study plants in favour of C. edulis. The insect family Formicidae was the most common on both plant species. 99.7% of individuals were observed foraging on the fruits of the two plants while only one individual insect (i.e. 0.31%) exhibited perching behaviour.

Keywords : Insects, Carissa edulis, Jasminum dichotomum, Insect diversity, Frequency of visits

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Abstract: The aims of this experiment was to study the effect of pine leaf as allelophaty on growth of pigweed. The experiment was conducted at screen house Department of Biology Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Brawijaya University. The research arranged by Randomized Simple Blok Design, with three replication, consisted of eleven levels, i.e : A0: Control, A1: Extract of leaf Pinus merkusii 400 ppm, A2: Extract of leaf Pinus merkusii 800 ppm, A3: Extract of leaf Pinus merkusii 1.200 ppm, A4 : Extract of leaf Pinus merkusii 1.600 ppm, A5: Extract of leaf Pinus merkusii 2.000 ppm, A6: Extract of leaf Pinus longaeva 400 ppm, A7: Extract of leaf Pinus longaeva 800 ppm, A8: Extract of leaf Pinus longaeva 1.200 ppm, A9: Extract of leaf Pinus longaeva 1.600 ppm, A10: Extract of leaf Pinus longaeva 2.000 ppm. The results showed significant reduction by extract of leaf Pinus merkusii and Pinus longaeva 2000 ppm in plant height, leaf number, leaf area and dry weight of pigweed on observation 63 DAP. Extract of leaf Pinus merkusii and Pinus longaeva 2000 ppm affected plant height of pigweed 48% and 49% and affected leaf area 49% and 67% compared to control. Extract of leaf Pinus merkusii and Pinus longaeva 2000 ppm reduced dry weight of pigweed 38 % and 37% compared to control.

Keywords: Allelophaty, Bioherbicide, Pinus merkusii, Pinus longaeva and Portulaca oleracea

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Abstract: The present research was subjected to screen invitro antioxidant activity of the seed and leaf extract of Syzygium cumini. The antioxidant activity was determined by in vitro methods such as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay, ABTS Assay, Total antioxidant activity (Phosphomolybdic acid method), Nitric oxide radical scavenging, Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, Total Reducing antioxidant potential, Reducing power. The extract showed significant antioxidant activity in all antioxidant assays when compared to ascorbic acid. The results of this research work are promising thus indicating the utilisation of the seed and leaf of Syzygium cumini as a significant source of natural antioxidants

Keywords: Antioxidant activity, ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, NOS, TRAP, Total antioxidant activity, Reducing power, Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, Syzygium cumini.

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Abstract: Millet is a minor cereal possessing high nutritional value but its consumption is limited which is mainly due to the lack of ready-to-cook or ready-to-eat millet products. It is suggested that processing of millet to prepare RTC foods may increase its economic and nutritional value. The present study clearly focuses on the utilization of under exploited millets which are good source of energy, proteins and minerals responsible for maintaining healthy blood sugar levels. It is also high in starch content which is a desirable property for extrusion cooking. Composite millets milk powder prepared with the combination of finger millet (Eleusine coracana) and pearl millet (Pennisatum glaucum) were utilized for preparation of RTC extruded product. The techniques used for processing the millet milk powder are soaking and extraction of milk from millets, dehydration and milling. The physical and functional properties of the composite millet powder were analyzed. The result of the composite millet powder and maida (control) indicated that the bulk density was ranging from 1.02 to 0.68g cm-3 while swelling index varied between 3.46 and 3.87 and the water holding capacity of the maida (control) and millet milk powder varied from 0.9% to 0.93% which was suitable for quality extrusion. The mean scores of organoleptic evaluation showed that the extruded products prepared with the ratio of 50:50 of composite millet powder and maida (7.18) were within the acceptable range in all parameters which produced the most acceptable RTC extruded product in terms of nutrient content, color, texture and cooking quality and sensory characteristics. Therefore the results suggest that the investigated cereal processing technologies could be successfully applied to millets to prepare RTC or use products, and thereby increasing its availability, utilization and thereby consumption.

Keywords: Ready-to-cook; extrusion; cooking quality; finger millet; pearl millet.

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Abstract: The anti-nutritional contents of Coptotermes gestroi were determined using various standard methods. The results show that this insect has low cyanide (2.04±0.09), phytate (25.05±1.51) and oxalate content (13.46±0.64) mg/100g. The phytochemical screening obtained in this work revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids,cardiac glycosides, tannins, saponins, reducing sugars, sterols and terpenoids in the aqueous crude extracts whileanthraquinones was in active in three extracts. The physicochemical parameters of the insect determined are; acid value (3.94±0.06), free fatty acids (1.98±0.03), peroxide value (17.59±0.95) mEqvO2/kg, Saponification content (174.66±0.61) mg/KOH/g and iodine value (92.62±0.33) mg/100g as well as specific gravity and refractive index, however these values fell within the nutritionally accepted values. The presence of both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in the C. gestroi could be an advantage since both may complement the function of one another. Thus this oil is expected to be suitable for the manufacture of soaps, lubricating oil, candles thereby making them attractive options for commercial purpose and also in pharmaceutical industries. Keywords: Phytochemical constituent, Coptotermes gestroi, Fatty acid profile, Anti-nutritional and Physicochemical properties

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Abstract: A comprehensive survey was conducted to assess the incidence of insect pests within the Basmati rice ecosystem in Northeastern Uttar Pradesh, India. This region primarily cultivates several Basmati rice varieties, including Pusa Basmati-1121, Pusa Basmati-1 (Todal), Pusa Basmati-2 (Sugandh-2), Pusa Basmati-3, RS-10, Dehradun-1, Hbc-19 Safidon, Pusa Basmati-6, Pusa Basmati-1509, HBR-92 Pusa Basmati (Kasturi), Basmati-370, 385, and HUBR2-1 Malviaya Basmati, with PB-1121 covering approximately 60% of the cultivated area. The crop faces significant.....

KEYWORDS: Basmati rice, Survey, Insect-Pests, Residue and Pesticides. North Eastern Uttar Pradesh

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