iosr-JNHS   Volume-2 ~ Issue-4

Abstract: Background: The menopause is a time in a woman's life when it is recognized that biological and social changes can influence upon their quality of life. While most women traverse the menopausal transition (MT) with little difficulty, others may undergo significant stress. Purpose: The purpose of this review was to assess the literature concerning the menopausal symptoms experienced by women in various countries of the world. Review Methods: A database search was conducted in CINAHL, Pub Med, Google Scholar, and Medline for the period of 2007- 2013 using specific term "menopause", "perimenopause", "menopause symptoms", "midlife and quality of life". A total of 15 studies were identified which met the inclusion criteria. Results: The results of the 15 studies reveals that the burden of menopausal symptoms on the life of midlife women in different parts of the world. From this review, it is evident that there is great diversity in symptom frequencies across the cultures and ways of coping adopted by these women. Conclusion: With appropriate counseling, health information and an understanding of the menopause and its dimensions, menopause can become a time of beginning, rather than an end.

Keywords - Menopause, Menopausal symptoms, Menopausal Transition, Quality of life

[1]. Avis, N. E., Assmann, S. F., Kravitz, H. M., Ganz, P. A., & Ory, M. (2004). Quality of life in diverse groups of midlife women: Assessing the influence of menopause, health status, and psychosocial and demographic factors. Quality of Life, 13, 933-946.
[2]. Barton, D., & Loprinzi, C. (2004). Making sense of the evidence regarding non-hormonal treatment for hot flashes. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, 8, 39-42.
[3]. Brown, J. P., Gallicchio, L., Flaws, J. A., & Tracy, J. K. (2009). Relations among menopausal symptoms, sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms in midlife. Maturitas, 62, 184- 189.
[4]. Dennerstein L, Randolph J, Taffe J, Dudley E, Burger H. Hormones, mood, sexuality, and the menopausal transition. Fertil Steril 2002;77(Suppl. 4):S42–8.
[5]. Dhillon HK, Singh HJ, Rashidah S, Abdul Manaf H, Nik and Mohd Zaki NM (2006): Prevalence of menopausal symptoms in women in Kelantan, Malaysia. Maturitas, 54:213-221.
[6]. Eman Elsayed Mohammed Elsabagh, and Eman Shokry Abd Allah(2012): Menopausal symptoms and the quality of life among pre/post menopausal women from rural area in Zagazig city. Life Science Journal, 2012;9(2):283-91.
[7]. El Shafie K, Al Farsi Y, Al Zadjali N, Al Adawi S, Al Busaidi Z, Al Shafaee M. Menopausal symptoms among healthy, middle-aged Omani women as assessed with the Menopause Rating Scale. Menopause. 2011;18(10):1113-9.
[8]. Elavsky, S. (2009). Physical activity, menopause, and quality of life: The role of affect and self-worth across time. Menopause, 16, 265-271.
[9]. Files, J., Ko, M., & Pruthi, S. (2011). Bioidentical hormone therapy. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 86, 673-680.
[10]. Gita D Mishra, Diana Kuh (2012): Health symptoms during midlife in relation to menopausal transition: British prospective cohort study, BMJ 2012;344:e402

Abstract: Background: Ischemic heart disease among is the most common causes of death and disability in the world. The Indian subcontinent (including India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Nepal) has among the highest rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) globally. Previous reports have highlighted the high CVD rates among South Asian immigrants living in Western countries, but the enormous CVD burden within the Indian subcontinent itself has been underemphasized.

Keywords - Ischemic Heart Disease, Risk factors, Awareness.

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Abstract: Concerns about infection with Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV) among the young people have renewed interest in developing countries, where they represent a large proportion of population and are at high risk. The study examined the influence of the HIV/AIDS education on behavioural change among tertiary students in Ondo State, Nigeria.

Keywords -Influence, HIV/AIDS, Education, Behavioural change, Tertiary Institution, Coitus.

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[4]. Gulure M., (2003) A study of HIVS education programmes and activities of secondary schools. The case of selected schools in Zomba, Malawi. African Journal of Psychology 6: 928-931.
[5]. Irin (2009) Southern Africa: Focus on sex Education; An Antidote to HIV and AIDS (htt:www.Irinnews.org/report.aspx (14/09/2009).
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[8]. Ogundana, F. (2002) Attitude to death on obstacle to sexual behavioural change among men in urban Ekiti, Nigeria. Journal of counseling and Applied Psychology. 1(1) 56-67.
[9]. Olawale S.G. (2001) International to behaviours modification for undergraduates and helping professionals (Revised Edition) Ogbomoso, Nigeria. Adebayo Calvary press.
[10]. Anyamene, A., Nwokolo, C, Anyachebelu E., & Okeke I.O. (2011) Influence of knowledge of HIV/AIDS on behaviour among adolescents, International Journal of Psychology & counseling 3(8) pp 154-158.

Abstract: A thin bony plate between coronoid fossa and olecranon fossa of humerus is sometimes perforated to form a foramen named as supra trochlear foramen (STF).It was present between two epicondyles also called intercondylar foramen .The Study was conducted in 74 dried humerus specimens from the Department of Anatomy, Sivaraj institute of medical sciences. Among those 39 are of left side; 35 are of right side. Supratrochlear foramen was seen in 14 (19.17%) bones, 9 were left side and 5 were right side. Mean transverse diameter of STF was 7.94mm and vertical diameter was 6.01.The presence of STF is associated with narrow intramedullary canal. In this study it was observed that the mean diameter of the intramedullary canal was less (4.48 mm) for the specimens with such foramen, but in the normal humeri it was 6.36 mm. Knowledge of this variation of Supratrochlear foramen in the distal end of humerus is essential in diagnostic orthopaedics, in intramedullary nailing of humerus and STF is a radiolucent area in radiographs and this may be misinterpreted for osteolytic or cystic lesion.

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Abstract: A research study is carried out to test the premise that poor ability of reading comprehension of study material in English affects academic performance. The sample used was seventy six fresh second year B.Sc. nursing students. The findings showed positive correlation between English reading comprehension ability and academic achievement obtained r values range from 0.48 to 0.65 are significantly greater than p -value .30 at 1% level of significance of a student implying that the students with better ability of English reading comprehension are expected to perform well in academics as far as nursing education is considered.

Keywords: Reading comprehension, Academic performance, Statistical correlation

[1] K. Kapur, Language Education in India: Dialoging English and Vernacular Languages and Literatures. Sino-US English Teaching, 8(5), 2011, 307-321.

[2] J. Kruidenier, Research-based principles for adult basic education reading instruction (USA, The National Institute for Literacy, 2002).

[3] A.P.Sweet, C. E. Snow, (Ed.),Rethinking reading comprehension,(New York, NY: Guilford Press. London. 2003).

[4] P.J. Worrell, Metacognition: Implications for instruction in nursing education, Journal of Nursing Education, 29(4), 1990, 170-175.

[5] H. L. White, Nursing instructors must also teach reading and study skills. Reading Improvement, 41(1), 2004, 38-50.

[6] Y. Fang, C.Tsai, C. Huang, Needs and barriers in ESP education: Exploring the preference in ESL nursing students, Proc. International Symposium on ESP and Its Application in Nursing & Medical English education, Taiwan. 2011.

[7] M.A. Olson, English-as-a-Second Language (ESL) nursing student success: a critical review of the literature, Journal of Cultural Diversity, 19(1), 2012, 26-32.
[8] E.Hammett-Zelanko, Psychosocial Competency of the English as a Second Language Nursing Student: A Comparative Study, doctoral diss.,Texas Woman's University, 2007. http://www.proquest.com.

[9] S .Sanner, W. Astrid, The experiences of students with English as a second language in a baccalaureate nursing program, Nurse Education Today, 28(7), 2008, 807-813.

[10] A .Shakya, J.M. Horsfall, ESL undergraduate nursing students in Australia: Some experiences. Nursing & Health Science, 2(3), 2000, 163-171.

Abstract: the objective of this study is to determine the effect of nurse-led education and counseling of heart failure self-care model "PrOMiSe"todecreasere-admission and/or mortality inheart failure patients. We used a three-model integrated approach, the Transtheoretical, Orem and Motivational interviewing model, or simply termed "PrOmiSe".Quasi-experimental with control group design was used in this study. One hundredparticipants with heart failure were enrolled during their hospitalization. The intervention group received 5 education sessions during hospitalization, 3 education and counseling sessions during outpatient clinic visits and 2 telephone calls over a three month period from a trained nurse. Meanwhile, the control group received usual care. Statistical analysis was performed using independentt-test, ChiSquare,Mann-Whitney test,KaplanMeierandCoxregression test. Results: Nurse-ledmodel"PrOmiSe"revealed that there aresignificantdifferences in the reduction of the re-admission and/or mortality rates after 6 months of the patients were given intervention. Conclusion: The education and counseling of heart failure self-care model "PrOmiSe" is effective in reducing the rates of re-admission and/or mortality in heart failure patients. This method is applicable to be used as one of the education and counseling models for heart failure self-care in other hospitals.

Keywords: heart failure patient, nurse,PrOMiSe model, re-admission and/ ormortality, self-care

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[4] Artinian, Nancy.T., Magnan Morris., Christian Willecia., et al. What Do Patients Know About Their Heart Failure?.Applied Nursing Research, Vol. 15, No 4 (November), 2002, 200-208.

[5] Data Devisi Rekam Medik tahun 2008-2009 tentang kejadian Gagal Jantung yang dirawat di Rumah Sakit Jantung dan PembuluhDarah Harapan Kita.

[6] De Geest Sabina. Another Perspective in Understanding Adherence. Qualitative Research in Unraveling The Behavioural Dimention of Heart Failure Management. Journal of Cardiopulmonar Rehabilitation, 25, 2005, 164-165.

[7] Blue Lynda., Lang Elanor., McMurray John JV., et al. Randomised Controlled Trial of Specialist Nurse Intervention in Heart Failure, BMJ, Vol. 323, 2001.

[8] Boyde, Mary., Turner Catherine., GradDipEd., et al. Educational Interventions for Patients With Heart Failure; A Systematic Review of Randamized Controlled Trials. Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing,Vol. 26, No. 4, 2011, pp E27-e35.

[9] Brandon Amy F., Schuessler Jenny B., Ellison Kathy Jo., et al. The effect of an advanced practise nurse led telephone intervention on outcomes of patients with heart failure. Applied Nursing Research. 22, 2009.

[10] Caldwell Mary A., Peter Kathryn J., Dracup Kathleen. A Simplified Education Program Improves Knowledge, Self-Care Behavior, And Diseases Severity in Heart Failure Patients in Rural Settings. American Heart Journal, November, 2005.

Abstract: The primary goals of physical exercise in the management of chronic low back pain are to gain the muscle strength, flexibility and endurance, to restore injured tissues and to contribute to the ability to sustain normal life activities.5Core serves as a muscular corset that works as a unit to stabilize the body and spine hence its strengthening helps to prevent and rehabilitate various lumbar spine and musculoskeletal disorders6.PNF is very effective in improving flexibility, strength and range of motion in a damaged or stiff muscle1. This study compared the effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation program versus core stabilization exercises for decreasing pain, improving flexibility and functional ability of the patients with chronic low back pain..

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Abstract: Humor is a powerful antidote to stress, pain, and conflict. Nothing works faster or more dependably to bring your mind and body back into balance than good humor. With a view to determine the effectiveness of humor therapy on the psychological wellbeing of the nursing students, a Pre-Experimental study with quantitative approach was undertaken on 31 nursing students. Convenient sampling technique was used in selecting the nursing students. The results showed in mean and standard deviation of Positive Effect score for the 1st and 7th day were 6.32±6.22 and 6.77±6.36 and Negative Effect score for the 1st and 7th day were 4.74±3.95 and 6.25±5.0 respectively. The findings provide evidence that Positive Effect increases and Negative Effect decreases after humor therapy. Thus it reveals that humor therapy improves the psychological wellbeing.

Keyword: Humor Therapy, Negative Effect, Positive Effect, Psychological Wellbeing, Student Nurses.

[1] Melinda Smith, M.A., and Jeanne Segal, "Laugher is the Best Medicine" May 2013.
[2] Cyndi. Laughter surely is the best medicine. [online]. Available from: URL:www.dailystrength.org.
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[4] David S. Good Humour Good Health. Journal of Prisms Nursing Practice. 2008; 2(4): 22-27.
[5] Cindi L .Laughter therapy. [online] Available from: URL:http://www.naturalnews.com/0263//.htm (Accessed on 01.12.2009)
[6] Kanji N. Autogenic training to reduce anxiety in nursing students. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2006; 53(6):729-35.

Abstract: Breast feeding and complementary feeding are two most important child rearing practices which have a direct weaningon the health of the infants. One hundred (100) mothers and their children below the age of two years were selected from Hathras city through multistage stratified random investigation aimed at studying prevalent weaning practices in Hathras city. The main findings of the present study were in the age group of 25-40 Years followed by 41% in the age group of 30-35 years and the minimum (1%) were in the age group of 35-40 years. 55%. were having the child in the age group of 12-18 months, 43% of the age group of 6-12 months and the minimum......

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