Volume-2 ~ Issue-3
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Multiparity and Childbirth Complications in Rural Women of Northeastern Nigerian Origin |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Ukwuma, Michael Chijioke |
 |
: | 10.9790/3008-0230104  |
Abstract:This study sought to evaluate the rate of childbirth associated complications and to determine if multiparity constitutes a danger to mother and child. The cross-sectional study included women of childbearing age (15-45 years) who had attended health care facilities during pregnancies within the past two years (2009-2011). 384 women who fall into different para groups were picked at random. Data on subjects were abstracted from their medical records. Events such as abruptio placentae, uterine rupture, hemorrhage, malpresentations and mortality were observed and their rates of occurrence in the different para groups wereanalyzed. The research findings showed that complications occurred in all groups with the highest rates occurring in grand multiparas (para 6-9) such that uterine rupture occurred in 24% of the grand multiparous group, abruptio placentae was observed 17.97%, malpresentations [20.05%] and death [4.17%]. The grand multipara appears to have the highest risks of all groups of child bearing womenin the study population. Based on the high rates of childbirth complications that increased with parity, and due to poor perinatal care obtainable in the general population; multiparity is seen as dangerous and predisposes women to have childbirth complications. Thus, health workers and public health educators have the responsibility to enlighten the communities on the dangers of multiparity; husbands should value the health of their wives as a family and c
[1]. Shamshad Begum. Age and parity related problems affecting outcome of labor in grand multiparous .Pakistan J Med , 2004; 42(4):179-184.
[2]. Kadija H. Asaf .Grand multiparous –still on obstetrical challenge?Pak J ObstetGynecol , 1997;10(1-2):24-28.
[3]. BuggGJ ,Atwal GS, Maresh M. Grandmultipara in a modern setting.Br J ObstetGynaecol 2002;109:249-253.
[4]. Sara M .Ellis Simonsen , Joseph L . Lyon ,Stephen C .Alder ,Michael.Varner.Am J ObstetGynaecol 2005;106(3):454-460.
[5]. Rozina y., fauzia p., lubna a., shaista p., subhana t. Grandmultiparity – still an obstetric risk for developing countries.. Gynaecology& obstetrics. 2010. Vol. 16, no. 2. 264-267
[6]. Babinszki A, Kerenyi T, Torok O, Grazi V, Lapinski RH, Berkowitz RL. Perinatal outcome in grand and great-grandmultiparity: effects of parity on obstetric risk factors. Am J ObstetGynecol 1999;181:669–74.
[7]. Solomons B. The dangerous multipara. Lancet 1934;2:8–11.
[8]. Tanbo TG, Bungum L. The grand multipara: maternal and neonatal complications. ActaObstetGynecolScand 1987;66: 53–6.
[9]. Fuchs K, Peretz BA, Marcovici R, Paldi E, Timor-Tritsh I. The ‗‗grand multipara''–is it a problem? A review of 5785 cases. Int J GynaecolObstet 1985;23:321–6.
[10]. Mayman E, Ghezzi F, Shoham – vardi I, Hershkowrtz R, Fanchi M, Katzn M, Mazor M, [1998]. peripatumcomication in grand multiparous women: 6 – 9 verses poe} or = 10. Eur J Obstetgynecolreprod biol. 81(1): 21 – 5
[2]. Kadija H. Asaf .Grand multiparous –still on obstetrical challenge?Pak J ObstetGynecol , 1997;10(1-2):24-28.
[3]. BuggGJ ,Atwal GS, Maresh M. Grandmultipara in a modern setting.Br J ObstetGynaecol 2002;109:249-253.
[4]. Sara M .Ellis Simonsen , Joseph L . Lyon ,Stephen C .Alder ,Michael.Varner.Am J ObstetGynaecol 2005;106(3):454-460.
[5]. Rozina y., fauzia p., lubna a., shaista p., subhana t. Grandmultiparity – still an obstetric risk for developing countries.. Gynaecology& obstetrics. 2010. Vol. 16, no. 2. 264-267
[6]. Babinszki A, Kerenyi T, Torok O, Grazi V, Lapinski RH, Berkowitz RL. Perinatal outcome in grand and great-grandmultiparity: effects of parity on obstetric risk factors. Am J ObstetGynecol 1999;181:669–74.
[7]. Solomons B. The dangerous multipara. Lancet 1934;2:8–11.
[8]. Tanbo TG, Bungum L. The grand multipara: maternal and neonatal complications. ActaObstetGynecolScand 1987;66: 53–6.
[9]. Fuchs K, Peretz BA, Marcovici R, Paldi E, Timor-Tritsh I. The ‗‗grand multipara''–is it a problem? A review of 5785 cases. Int J GynaecolObstet 1985;23:321–6.
[10]. Mayman E, Ghezzi F, Shoham – vardi I, Hershkowrtz R, Fanchi M, Katzn M, Mazor M, [1998]. peripatumcomication in grand multiparous women: 6 – 9 verses poe} or = 10. Eur J Obstetgynecolreprod biol. 81(1): 21 – 5
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Critical Study of Gandhashastra with Special Reference to Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Dr. Raman S. Belge, Archana R. Belge |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-0230509 |
Abstract: Gandhashastra, a Science of Cosmetology and perfumery was contemporary to ancient Ayurveda. The modern day herbal cosmetology has its roots in the Gandhashastra. It deals with the formulations meant for Face care, Body care, Oral care, Hair care and the perfumery products like Fragrant water, Fragrant fabric, Armpit deodorants and the Room-fresheners. The Gandhashastra, while preparing the gandhakalpanas have utilized most of the basic principles of Rasashastra & Bhaishajya Kalpana. The present paper deals with the Critical study of Gandhashastra with special reference to Rasashastra & Bhaishajya Kalpana.
Keywords: Gandhashastra, Gandhakalpanas, Rasashastra, Bhaishajya Kalpana.
Keywords: Gandhashastra, Gandhakalpanas, Rasashastra, Bhaishajya Kalpana.
[1] Sushruta; Sushruta Samhita; Sharma P.V. Chaukhamba Visvabharati, Varanasi; 1st ed; 2004; pp. 57.
[2] Vyas R.T; Gandhasara and Gandhavada; Oriental Institute; Vadodara; 1st ed.; 1989; pp. 76.
[3] Ras Vagbhata; Rasaratna sammucchaya; Sharma ShreeDharmananda; Motilal Banarasidas; Delhi; 2nd ed.; 1996; pp. 135.
[4] Charaka , Charaka Samhita In Vimanasthana I/22; Sharma P.V.; Chaukhamba Orientalia, Varanasi, 80th ed., 2005; pp.
[2] Vyas R.T; Gandhasara and Gandhavada; Oriental Institute; Vadodara; 1st ed.; 1989; pp. 76.
[3] Ras Vagbhata; Rasaratna sammucchaya; Sharma ShreeDharmananda; Motilal Banarasidas; Delhi; 2nd ed.; 1996; pp. 135.
[4] Charaka , Charaka Samhita In Vimanasthana I/22; Sharma P.V.; Chaukhamba Orientalia, Varanasi, 80th ed., 2005; pp.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Clinical Evaluation of the Efficacy of Gomutra Aasava in Shvitra Vis-A-Vis Vitiligo |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Raman S. Belge , Archana R. Belge |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-0231013 |
Abstract: Vitiligo is an acquired depigmenting skin condition that results from the destruction of melanocytes. It is a progressive, idiopathic pigmentation skin disorder, characterized by hypopigmented patches. The Vedic texts have even mentioned the term 'Kilasa' or Shvitra to describe hypopigmented patches. According to Ayurveda, Shvitra is caused by improper diet and behavioral factors. Certain other factors like Daivakrita nidana, beejadushti nidana and nidana-arthakar vyadhis are known to induce Shvitra. Many Ayurvedic medicines are known ro regenerate melanocytes among which Gomutra Aasava is the one. The present paper deals with the clinical evaluation of the efficacy of Gomutra Aasava in Shvitra.
Keywords: Shvitra, Vitiligo, Gomutra, Aasava.
Keywords: Shvitra, Vitiligo, Gomutra, Aasava.
[1]. Braunwald, Karper, et al. Part-7, Section 54, 17th ed, Vol.1, New York: McGraw Hill; 2008. Harrisons Principles of Internal Medicine; pp. 324-326.
[2]. Jopling & McDougall, Handbook of Leprosy; 1st ed; Heinemann Publishing Ltd. Oxford:1988; pp. 113.
[3]. D. Murray, Scientific Skin Care; 1st ed. Arlington Books Ltd. London; 1983; pp. 107.
[4]. Vagbhata, Ashtanga Hridayam,Vaidya Lalchanda Shastri, Chikitasasthana, 1st ed, Motilal Banarasidas,1977. pp. 519.
[5]. Vagbhata, Ashtang Sangraha, Chhangani Govandhan Sharma, Chikitsasthana, 1st ed, Chowkhamba Sanskrit Sansthana, 1979. pp. 617.
[6]. Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita, Shastri Ambikadatta, Chikitsasthana, 1st ed, Chowkhamba Sanskrit Sansthan, 1997. pp. 249.
[7]. Raman Belge; Gomutra Aasav Nirman evam Shvitrarogpar uske Prabhav Ka Aturalayin Adhyayan; M.D.(Ayu.)Thesis; Submitted to Nagpur Univ. Nagpur 2001.
[2]. Jopling & McDougall, Handbook of Leprosy; 1st ed; Heinemann Publishing Ltd. Oxford:1988; pp. 113.
[3]. D. Murray, Scientific Skin Care; 1st ed. Arlington Books Ltd. London; 1983; pp. 107.
[4]. Vagbhata, Ashtanga Hridayam,Vaidya Lalchanda Shastri, Chikitasasthana, 1st ed, Motilal Banarasidas,1977. pp. 519.
[5]. Vagbhata, Ashtang Sangraha, Chhangani Govandhan Sharma, Chikitsasthana, 1st ed, Chowkhamba Sanskrit Sansthana, 1979. pp. 617.
[6]. Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita, Shastri Ambikadatta, Chikitsasthana, 1st ed, Chowkhamba Sanskrit Sansthan, 1997. pp. 249.
[7]. Raman Belge; Gomutra Aasav Nirman evam Shvitrarogpar uske Prabhav Ka Aturalayin Adhyayan; M.D.(Ayu.)Thesis; Submitted to Nagpur Univ. Nagpur 2001.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | A Morphological Study of Dorsalis Pedis Artery and Its Clinical Correlation |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Dr.Vasudha Kulkarni, Dr.B.R.Ramesh |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-0231419 |
Abstract : Dorsalis Pedis artery is the artery for peripheral vascular disease. It is the direct continuation of anterior tibial artery. Evaluation of Dorsalis pedis artery pulsations is an useful clinical tool for assessing peripheral arterial perfusion. The present study aims at determining branching pattern of Dorsalis pedis artery. The objective is to provide data on thediameter of Dorsalis pedis artery and its branching pattern. A study of Dorsalis pedis artery was done in thirty three lower limbs at Dr.B.R.Ambedkar medical college by dissection method. The diameter of Dorsalis pedis artery at its origin varied from 1.5 to 5mm. Maximum diameter is 5mm, minimum is 1.5mm. Average is 3.31mm. Arterial branching pattern is categorised into A, B, C, D and E. The study infers correlation between diameter of Dorsalis pedis Artery and its branching pattern. This study also provides data for vascular mapping of foot prior to certain surgeries like free flap transplantation.
Keywords: Artery of dorsum of foot, Arteria dorsalis pedis, Ankle brachial index, Dorsalis pedis artery, Dorsal artery of foot, Pedal artery, Peripheral pulse
Keywords: Artery of dorsum of foot, Arteria dorsalis pedis, Ankle brachial index, Dorsalis pedis artery, Dorsal artery of foot, Pedal artery, Peripheral pulse
[1] Vijayalakshmi S, Gunapriya Raghunath and Varsha Shenoy, Anatomical study of Dorsalis pedis artery and its clinical correlations, Journal of clinical and diagnostic research, 5 (2), 2011, 287- 290.
[2] Kennedy Legel, Maxime Savard, Christopher J Blanco and Chaminda Jayanetti, Dorsalis pedis aneurysm: A case report and review of the literature, The foot and ankle Journal, 1 (11), 2008, 1.
[3] Rudolph S Reich,The pulses of the foot; Their value in the diagnosis of peripheral circulatory disease,Annals of surgery, 99(4),1934,613-622.
[4] Maria Atanasova, Georgi P Georgiev and Lazar Jelev, Intriguing variations of the tibial arteries and their clinical implications, International journal of Anatomical variations, 4,2011, 45 – 47.
[5] Peter L.Williams and Roger Warwick, Gray's Anatomy(New york, Churchill Livingston, 36th edn 1980), 732, 733, 734.
[6] Cronenwett, Gloviczki, Johnston, Krupski and Orriel et al, Rutherford Vascular surgery,1(Phladelphia,Elsevier Saunders,2005), 6th edn, 8,9,208,210t, 212,1258, 1259, 1260, 1187.
[7] Demetrios Chavatzas, Revision of the incidence of congenital absence of dorsalis pedis artery by an ultrasonic technique, Anatomical record, 178 (2), 2005, 289- 290.
[8] Stefen F Lange, Hans – Joachi Tramp.David Pittrow, Harald Darius and Mathias Malan, Profound influence of different methods for determination of the ankle brachial index on the prevalence estimate of peripheral arterial disease, BMC public health, 7,2007,147.
[9] Ertugrul Mavili, Halil Donmez, Guven Kahriman, Aysel Ozaslamaci, Nevzat Ozcan and Kutay Tasdemir, Popliteal artery branching patterns detected by digital subtraction angiography, Diagonostic Intervention Radiology , 2010, 3141-09.1
[10] G.L Mulfinger, Pasadena and J. Trueta , The blood supply of the talus, The Journal of bone and Joint surgery, 52 B (1), 1970, 160- 167.
[2] Kennedy Legel, Maxime Savard, Christopher J Blanco and Chaminda Jayanetti, Dorsalis pedis aneurysm: A case report and review of the literature, The foot and ankle Journal, 1 (11), 2008, 1.
[3] Rudolph S Reich,The pulses of the foot; Their value in the diagnosis of peripheral circulatory disease,Annals of surgery, 99(4),1934,613-622.
[4] Maria Atanasova, Georgi P Georgiev and Lazar Jelev, Intriguing variations of the tibial arteries and their clinical implications, International journal of Anatomical variations, 4,2011, 45 – 47.
[5] Peter L.Williams and Roger Warwick, Gray's Anatomy(New york, Churchill Livingston, 36th edn 1980), 732, 733, 734.
[6] Cronenwett, Gloviczki, Johnston, Krupski and Orriel et al, Rutherford Vascular surgery,1(Phladelphia,Elsevier Saunders,2005), 6th edn, 8,9,208,210t, 212,1258, 1259, 1260, 1187.
[7] Demetrios Chavatzas, Revision of the incidence of congenital absence of dorsalis pedis artery by an ultrasonic technique, Anatomical record, 178 (2), 2005, 289- 290.
[8] Stefen F Lange, Hans – Joachi Tramp.David Pittrow, Harald Darius and Mathias Malan, Profound influence of different methods for determination of the ankle brachial index on the prevalence estimate of peripheral arterial disease, BMC public health, 7,2007,147.
[9] Ertugrul Mavili, Halil Donmez, Guven Kahriman, Aysel Ozaslamaci, Nevzat Ozcan and Kutay Tasdemir, Popliteal artery branching patterns detected by digital subtraction angiography, Diagonostic Intervention Radiology , 2010, 3141-09.1
[10] G.L Mulfinger, Pasadena and J. Trueta , The blood supply of the talus, The Journal of bone and Joint surgery, 52 B (1), 1970, 160- 167.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Antimicrobial Activity of Antibiotic Producing Streptomyces macrosporus |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | E. Jennifer Emelda, N.Vijayalakshmi, T.Santhanakrishnan |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-0232023 |
Abstract : The aim of the present study was to isolate and to identify the actinomycetes having antimicrobial activity. Actinomycetes strain isolated from soil samples collected at the Coimbatore region, Tamilnadu, India. Actinomycetes were isolated by spread plate technique and screening was done by parallel streak & agar well diffusion method. Upon primary screening by parallel streak method out of 180 actinomycetes isolates around 25 isolates showed antimicrobial activity against test organisms. On secondary screening out of 25 isolates, 9 isolates showed activity. According to antimicrobial activity and spectrum broadness strain 7 was selected for further study. Based on the morphological, physiological, biochemical and phylogenetic characterization the strain 7 was identified as Streptomyces macrosporus. In conclusion the isolated strain has broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against the test organisms.
[1]. Dancer., 2004. How antibiotics can make us sick: the less obvious adverse effects of antimicrobial chemotherapy. The lancet infectious diseases. 4 : 611-619.
[2]. Das,s P.s lyla 2008.Charecterization and identification of actinomycetes existing systems,complexities and future directions.Natl.Acad.sci.lett.,31:149-160.
[3]. Egorov. N., 1995. Isolation of microorganisms producing antibiotics and their biological activity. Antibiotics a scientific approach. 1st (edn). 132-137.
[4]. Sambrook J., Fritsch E.F., Maniatis T. (1989) Molecular cloning: A laboratory manual (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY), 2nd ed
[5]. Liu, C.M ., J.W. Westley, TE. Herman, B.L.T. prasser N. palleroni, R.H evans and P.H miller 1986. Novel polyether antibiotics. X- 14873 A,G and H produced by streptomyces. Taxonomy of the producing culture, fermentation, biological and inosphores properties of antibiotics. Journal of antibiotics 39 (12): 1712 – 1718.
[6]. Magarvey,N.a 2004.Isolation and characterization of novel marine derived actinomycetes taxa rich in bioactive metabolites.Appl.Environ.Microbiol.,70:7520-7529.
[7]. Mincer T.J., 2002.widwspread and persistant populations of a major new marine actinomycetes taxon in ocean sediments.Appled environ.
[8]. Petti, C. A. (2007). Detection and identification of microorganism gene amplification and sequencing. Clin Infect Dis 44: 1108–1114.
[9]. Smith.JE., 1989. Perspective in biotechnology and applied microbiology. Murray Moo Young, 105-134
[10]. Shirling, E. and D. Gottlieb, 1966. Methods for characterization of Streptomyces species. Intl. j. syst. Bacterial. 16: 313-340.
[2]. Das,s P.s lyla 2008.Charecterization and identification of actinomycetes existing systems,complexities and future directions.Natl.Acad.sci.lett.,31:149-160.
[3]. Egorov. N., 1995. Isolation of microorganisms producing antibiotics and their biological activity. Antibiotics a scientific approach. 1st (edn). 132-137.
[4]. Sambrook J., Fritsch E.F., Maniatis T. (1989) Molecular cloning: A laboratory manual (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY), 2nd ed
[5]. Liu, C.M ., J.W. Westley, TE. Herman, B.L.T. prasser N. palleroni, R.H evans and P.H miller 1986. Novel polyether antibiotics. X- 14873 A,G and H produced by streptomyces. Taxonomy of the producing culture, fermentation, biological and inosphores properties of antibiotics. Journal of antibiotics 39 (12): 1712 – 1718.
[6]. Magarvey,N.a 2004.Isolation and characterization of novel marine derived actinomycetes taxa rich in bioactive metabolites.Appl.Environ.Microbiol.,70:7520-7529.
[7]. Mincer T.J., 2002.widwspread and persistant populations of a major new marine actinomycetes taxon in ocean sediments.Appled environ.
[8]. Petti, C. A. (2007). Detection and identification of microorganism gene amplification and sequencing. Clin Infect Dis 44: 1108–1114.
[9]. Smith.JE., 1989. Perspective in biotechnology and applied microbiology. Murray Moo Young, 105-134
[10]. Shirling, E. and D. Gottlieb, 1966. Methods for characterization of Streptomyces species. Intl. j. syst. Bacterial. 16: 313-340.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Comparative Analysis of Haematological Indices of Haemoglobin Genotypes Aa, Ac, As, Sc And Ss – A Retrospective Study. |
| Country | : | Ado Ekiti |
| Authors | : | Sanya Joseph Olurotimi |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-0232428 |
Abstract: Objective: The study was conducted to simultaneously display and compare the basic haematological indices (packed cell volume, total and differential white blood count) of subjects with different haemoglobin genotypes. The objective was to highlight the differences which may help in planning interventions and predicting outcomes.
Study Design: An outpatient population-based retrospective study was performed. The study covered the period between 1987 and 2011 (25 years). The packed cell volume, haemoglobin genotype, total and differential white blood counts of three hundred and sixty subjects (180 males and 180 females) aged between 1 and 25 years were scrutinized. Only outpatients presenting for malaria were included for comparable morbidity. Patients with co-existing persistent HbF were excluded to avoid misinterpretation of the generated data.
Results: There were significant differences between the haematological indices of the haemoglobin genotypes reviewed in the study.
Conclusion: The Hb genotype should be routinely ordered alongside the other tests and the results interpreted with reference to the Hb Genotype.
key words: Haematological Indices; Haemoglobin Genotype;
Study Design: An outpatient population-based retrospective study was performed. The study covered the period between 1987 and 2011 (25 years). The packed cell volume, haemoglobin genotype, total and differential white blood counts of three hundred and sixty subjects (180 males and 180 females) aged between 1 and 25 years were scrutinized. Only outpatients presenting for malaria were included for comparable morbidity. Patients with co-existing persistent HbF were excluded to avoid misinterpretation of the generated data.
Results: There were significant differences between the haematological indices of the haemoglobin genotypes reviewed in the study.
Conclusion: The Hb genotype should be routinely ordered alongside the other tests and the results interpreted with reference to the Hb Genotype.
key words: Haematological Indices; Haemoglobin Genotype;
[1]. El – Hazim MAF and Warsy AS. (2001). Normal reference values for haematological parameters, red cell indices, Hb A2 and Hb F from early childhood through adolescence in Saudi. Annals of Saudi Medicine. 21: 165 – 169.
[2]. Imoru Momodu, Kabiru Suleiman, Shehu Abdullahi, Umar A. Shehu. (2011). Haematological values in Nigerian children with steady state homozygous sickle cell disease. International Journal of Academic Research.
[3]. Vol. 3. No.1.
[4]. Wild BJ and Bain BJ. (2001). Investigation of abnormal heamoglobins and thalassaemia. In: Dacie and Lewis Practical Haematology. Lewis SM, Bain BJ and Bates I (eds).9th edition. Churchill Livingstone, London. Pp 231 – 266.
[5]. Lewis SM, Bain BJ and Bates I (eds). (2001).Haematology. 9th edition. Churchill Livingstone,London. pp 19 –42. El – Hazim MAF and Warsy AS. (2001). Normal reference values for haematological parameters, red cell indices, A2 and Hb F from early childhood through adolescence in Saudi. Annals of Saudi Medicine 21: 165 – 169 .
[6]. Dapper DV, Nwauche CA and Siminialayi IM. (2000).Some haematological refrence values for pre –primary and primary school aged children in Port–Harcourt, Nigeria. Niger J Clin Pract 12: 262 –267. (2009).
[7]. Awogu AU. (2000). Leucocyte counts in children with sickle cell anaemia: usefulness of stable state values during infections. Wesr Afr J Med 19: 55 – 58
[2]. Imoru Momodu, Kabiru Suleiman, Shehu Abdullahi, Umar A. Shehu. (2011). Haematological values in Nigerian children with steady state homozygous sickle cell disease. International Journal of Academic Research.
[3]. Vol. 3. No.1.
[4]. Wild BJ and Bain BJ. (2001). Investigation of abnormal heamoglobins and thalassaemia. In: Dacie and Lewis Practical Haematology. Lewis SM, Bain BJ and Bates I (eds).9th edition. Churchill Livingstone, London. Pp 231 – 266.
[5]. Lewis SM, Bain BJ and Bates I (eds). (2001).Haematology. 9th edition. Churchill Livingstone,London. pp 19 –42. El – Hazim MAF and Warsy AS. (2001). Normal reference values for haematological parameters, red cell indices, A2 and Hb F from early childhood through adolescence in Saudi. Annals of Saudi Medicine 21: 165 – 169 .
[6]. Dapper DV, Nwauche CA and Siminialayi IM. (2000).Some haematological refrence values for pre –primary and primary school aged children in Port–Harcourt, Nigeria. Niger J Clin Pract 12: 262 –267. (2009).
[7]. Awogu AU. (2000). Leucocyte counts in children with sickle cell anaemia: usefulness of stable state values during infections. Wesr Afr J Med 19: 55 – 58
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Aquatic Medicinal Plants in Ponds of Palakkad, Kerala, India |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Bhagyaleena.P, R.Gopalan |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-0232935 |
Abstract : Palakkad is a district which contain more number of ponds in kerala. Most of them are covered by means of weeds and plants, and becames useless.The present study is to analyse the medicinal use of such weeds and plants and make aware the public about the importance of pond plants.
Key words: Aquatic plants, medicinal, ponds, Palakkad, Kerala, India.
Key words: Aquatic plants, medicinal, ponds, Palakkad, Kerala, India.
[1] Kamble SY, Patil SR, Sawant PS, Sawanth S, Pawar SG, Singh EA (2010). Studies on Plants used in traditional medicine by Bhilla tribes of Maharashtra. Ind. J. Trad. Know., 9(3): 591- 598.
[2] Madhusoodanan PV, Kumar KGA (1993). Alternanthera philoxeroides Griseb. – Alligator weed - A fast spreading aquatic weed in Kerala, South India. J. Econ. Taxon. Bot., 17: 651-654.
[3] Hong SS, Kim JH, Shim CK (2005). Advanced formulation and pharmacological activity of hydrogel of titrated extract of C. asiatica. Arch. Pharm. Res., 28: 502-508.
[4] Maya S, Menon SV, Nair SG (2003). Economic importance of river vegetation of Kerala – A case study. J. Econ. Taxon. Bot., 27(4): 796- 803.
[5] Panda A, Misra MK (2011). Ethnomedicinal survey of some wetland plants of South Orissa and their conservation. Ind. J. Trad. Knowl., 10(2): 296–303.
[6] Santhoshkumar B, Satyanarain S (2010) Herbal remedies of wetlands macrophytes in India. Int. J. Pharm. Biosci., 2: 1-12.
[7] Shanmugasundaram P, Venkataraman S (2005). Anti-nociceptive activity of Hygrophila auriculata (Schum.) Heine. Afr. J. Trad. C.A.M., 2(1): 62- 69.
[8] Ravikanth V, Ramesh P, Diwan PV, Venkateswarlu Y (2000). Halleridone and Hallerone from Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene. Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 28: 905-906.
[9] Shetty BS, Udupa SL, Udupa AL, Somayaji SN (2006). Effect of C. asiatica Linn. on normal and dexamethasone-suppressed woundhealing in Wistar Albino rats. Int. J. Low Extrem. Wounds, 5: 137-143.
[10] Grosvenor PW, Suptino A, Gray DO (1995). Medicinal plants from Rian province, Sumatra, Indonesia, Part 2; antibacterial and antifungal activity. J. Ethnopharmacol., 45: 97-111.
[2] Madhusoodanan PV, Kumar KGA (1993). Alternanthera philoxeroides Griseb. – Alligator weed - A fast spreading aquatic weed in Kerala, South India. J. Econ. Taxon. Bot., 17: 651-654.
[3] Hong SS, Kim JH, Shim CK (2005). Advanced formulation and pharmacological activity of hydrogel of titrated extract of C. asiatica. Arch. Pharm. Res., 28: 502-508.
[4] Maya S, Menon SV, Nair SG (2003). Economic importance of river vegetation of Kerala – A case study. J. Econ. Taxon. Bot., 27(4): 796- 803.
[5] Panda A, Misra MK (2011). Ethnomedicinal survey of some wetland plants of South Orissa and their conservation. Ind. J. Trad. Knowl., 10(2): 296–303.
[6] Santhoshkumar B, Satyanarain S (2010) Herbal remedies of wetlands macrophytes in India. Int. J. Pharm. Biosci., 2: 1-12.
[7] Shanmugasundaram P, Venkataraman S (2005). Anti-nociceptive activity of Hygrophila auriculata (Schum.) Heine. Afr. J. Trad. C.A.M., 2(1): 62- 69.
[8] Ravikanth V, Ramesh P, Diwan PV, Venkateswarlu Y (2000). Halleridone and Hallerone from Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene. Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 28: 905-906.
[9] Shetty BS, Udupa SL, Udupa AL, Somayaji SN (2006). Effect of C. asiatica Linn. on normal and dexamethasone-suppressed woundhealing in Wistar Albino rats. Int. J. Low Extrem. Wounds, 5: 137-143.
[10] Grosvenor PW, Suptino A, Gray DO (1995). Medicinal plants from Rian province, Sumatra, Indonesia, Part 2; antibacterial and antifungal activity. J. Ethnopharmacol., 45: 97-111.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Sp, a Novel Member of Phosphate Solubilising Bacteria from Rhizospheric Tea Soil of Darjeeling Hills, India |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Binod Chandra Sharma, Rashi Subba, Aniruddha Saha |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-0233639 |
Abstract: Rhizospheric soil from tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze] bushes of Darjeeling hills was screened for the presence of phosphate solubilising bacterial populations on Pikovskayas agar. One of the potent strains was identified as Kurthia sp. In vitro tricalcium phosphate solubilising ability of this strain was determined as 40.62±1.1 mg/l with a drop in pH from 7.0 to 5.60 indicating the importance of acid production in the solubilisation process. This strain also produced growth regulating substance (IAA) under in-vitro conditions in the presence of precursor tryptophan. The amount of IAA released was 17.5 mg/l. This genus is considered as new novel member as phosphate solubilisers which may be developed as phosphatic biofertilizers after further characterisation in field conditions.
Key-Words: Darjeeling tea, rhizosphere, Kurthia sp., phosphate solubilisation
Key-Words: Darjeeling tea, rhizosphere, Kurthia sp., phosphate solubilisation
[1] P. Gyaneshwar, G.N. Kumar, L.J. Paresh and P.S. Pole, Role of soil micro-organisms in improving P nutritions of plants. Plant Soil,2002, 245, 83-93.
[2] F.J. Stevenson, Cycles of Sol Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulphur, Micronutrients (Wiley and Sons Inc, New York 1986)
[3] J.L. Smith, E.A. Paul , The significance of soil microbial biomass estimations. In Bollag, J.M., Stozky, G., Eds. Soil Biochemistry, (Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 1990) 6: 359-396.
[4] E.A. Curl, D.F. Bonner and B.R. Sabey, The Rhizosphere. (Berlin, Spinger-Verlag, 1986), 167-175.
[5] R.M.N. Kucey, Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and fungi in various cultivated and virgin Alberta soils. Canadian Journal Soil Science, 1986, 63, 671-678
[6] Q.M. Lin, X.R. Zhao and Y. Sun, Community characters of soil phosphobacteria in four ecosystem. Soil and Environmental Sciences, 9(1), 2000, 34-37 (in Chinese, with English abstract).
[7] Y. Ruling , Phosphate solubilizing microorganisms in upland of China. Chinese Journal of Soil, 1988, 20(5), 243-246 (in Chinese).
[8] H.M. Chung, M. Park, S. Madhaiyan, J. Seshadri, H. Song Cho and T. Sa, Isolation and characteirzation of phosphate solunbilizing bacteria from the rhizosphere of crop plants of Korea, Soil BIol. Biochem, 2005, 37, 1970-1974.
[9] J. Gonzalez, V. Salmeron , J. Moreno and A.R. Cornmenzana , Amino acids and vitamins produced by Azotobacter vinelandii ATCC 12837 in chemically-defined media and dialyzed soil media. Soil Biol Biochem, 1983, 15, 711-713.
[10] W. Zimmer, K. Roeben and H. Bothe, An alternative explanation for plant promotion by bacteria of the genus Azospirillum, Plant and Soil, 1988, 176, 333-342.
[2] F.J. Stevenson, Cycles of Sol Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulphur, Micronutrients (Wiley and Sons Inc, New York 1986)
[3] J.L. Smith, E.A. Paul , The significance of soil microbial biomass estimations. In Bollag, J.M., Stozky, G., Eds. Soil Biochemistry, (Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 1990) 6: 359-396.
[4] E.A. Curl, D.F. Bonner and B.R. Sabey, The Rhizosphere. (Berlin, Spinger-Verlag, 1986), 167-175.
[5] R.M.N. Kucey, Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and fungi in various cultivated and virgin Alberta soils. Canadian Journal Soil Science, 1986, 63, 671-678
[6] Q.M. Lin, X.R. Zhao and Y. Sun, Community characters of soil phosphobacteria in four ecosystem. Soil and Environmental Sciences, 9(1), 2000, 34-37 (in Chinese, with English abstract).
[7] Y. Ruling , Phosphate solubilizing microorganisms in upland of China. Chinese Journal of Soil, 1988, 20(5), 243-246 (in Chinese).
[8] H.M. Chung, M. Park, S. Madhaiyan, J. Seshadri, H. Song Cho and T. Sa, Isolation and characteirzation of phosphate solunbilizing bacteria from the rhizosphere of crop plants of Korea, Soil BIol. Biochem, 2005, 37, 1970-1974.
[9] J. Gonzalez, V. Salmeron , J. Moreno and A.R. Cornmenzana , Amino acids and vitamins produced by Azotobacter vinelandii ATCC 12837 in chemically-defined media and dialyzed soil media. Soil Biol Biochem, 1983, 15, 711-713.
[10] W. Zimmer, K. Roeben and H. Bothe, An alternative explanation for plant promotion by bacteria of the genus Azospirillum, Plant and Soil, 1988, 176, 333-342.
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- Abstract
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Agewise Variation of Intraocular Pressure, Pachymetryand Keratometry in the Urban Areas of Assam |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Juri Pathak |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-0234043 |
Abstract: Purpose:The study is undertaken keeping in mind the following objectives by considering 7 age groups between the age of 5 to 40 years:
To determine the Normal Frequency Distribution of Intraocular Pressure (IOP), Axial Length and Pachymetry for both eyes.
To find the Distribution of Pachymetry, IOP and Axial lengthwith Age for each age group.
To analyze the variance between Pachymetry, Intraocular Pressure and Axial Length for both eyes independently.
To study the multiple regression between Pachymetry, Intraocular Pressure and Axial Length.
Methods:Apopulation of 100 subjects, 200 eyes were enrolled in this study. All patients were selected from the outpatient clinic of a Private Nursing home.Patient age ranged from 5 to 40 years. Records of those patients who have gone under ophthalmic examination to measure IOP, central Pachymetry, Kerotometry and Axial length are collected.Analysis is done with the help of statistical software SPSS V.15 for windows operating system.
Results:Study found a statistically significant relation between the IOP and the corneal curvature both in the correlation test and in the multivariate study.From the correlation table it is seen thatPachymetry and I.O.P. for the Right eye is highest for the age group of 31-35 years. Again for the Age group 26-30 years Correlation value between Pachymetry and IOP for the Right eye shows that there is very insignificant relation between them. For the Age group of 36-40 yrs, correlation value between IOP and Axial Length for the Left eye have the highest negative trend. It implies that with increase in IOP, Axial length goes on decreasing and vice versa. Pachymetry significantly affectsIOP. A relation was found between corneal thickness and age by groups.
Conclusion: It is seen thattreatments of Axial Length, I.O.P. and Pachymetry are not alike.The highest treatment mean effects are 23.78 & 23.82 due to the feedstuff Axial Length.Hence if a choice is to be made among the three treatments Axial Length, I.O.P. and Pachymetry, treatment Axial Length is most effective.
To determine the Normal Frequency Distribution of Intraocular Pressure (IOP), Axial Length and Pachymetry for both eyes.
To find the Distribution of Pachymetry, IOP and Axial lengthwith Age for each age group.
To analyze the variance between Pachymetry, Intraocular Pressure and Axial Length for both eyes independently.
To study the multiple regression between Pachymetry, Intraocular Pressure and Axial Length.
Methods:Apopulation of 100 subjects, 200 eyes were enrolled in this study. All patients were selected from the outpatient clinic of a Private Nursing home.Patient age ranged from 5 to 40 years. Records of those patients who have gone under ophthalmic examination to measure IOP, central Pachymetry, Kerotometry and Axial length are collected.Analysis is done with the help of statistical software SPSS V.15 for windows operating system.
Results:Study found a statistically significant relation between the IOP and the corneal curvature both in the correlation test and in the multivariate study.From the correlation table it is seen thatPachymetry and I.O.P. for the Right eye is highest for the age group of 31-35 years. Again for the Age group 26-30 years Correlation value between Pachymetry and IOP for the Right eye shows that there is very insignificant relation between them. For the Age group of 36-40 yrs, correlation value between IOP and Axial Length for the Left eye have the highest negative trend. It implies that with increase in IOP, Axial length goes on decreasing and vice versa. Pachymetry significantly affectsIOP. A relation was found between corneal thickness and age by groups.
Conclusion: It is seen thattreatments of Axial Length, I.O.P. and Pachymetry are not alike.The highest treatment mean effects are 23.78 & 23.82 due to the feedstuff Axial Length.Hence if a choice is to be made among the three treatments Axial Length, I.O.P. and Pachymetry, treatment Axial Length is most effective.
[1] Edward A. H. Mallen, PritiKashyap; "Technical Note: Measurement of retinal contour and supine axial length using the Zeiss IOLMaster"; Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics.
[2] Francesco Bandello, Alessandra Tavola, Luisa Pierro, GiulioModorati, Claudio Azzolini, Rosario Brancato; "Axial Length and Refraction in Retinal Vein Occlusions";Ophthalmologica 1998; V(212); p(133–135).
[3] George Tomais; GerasimosGeorgopoulos; ChryssanthiKoutsandrea; MichalisMoschos; "Correlation of central corneal thickness and axial length to the optic disc and peripapillary atrophy among healthy individuals, glaucoma and ocular hypertension patients"; Clinical Ophthalmology 2008:2(4)p(981–988).
[4] Gillis A, ZeyenT;"Comparison of Optical Coherence Reflectometry and Ultrasound Central Corneal Pachymetry"; Bull. Soc. belgeOphtalmol., 292, 2004, p(71-75).
[5] Jacob Cohen ; "Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences"; Edition: 2.
[6] Jose Luis Olivares Jimenez, Juan Jose Serrano Perez, Daniel Serrano Laborday, Enrique HitaVillaverde;"Statistical study of the ocular parameters of the human eye"; Opt. Pur. Apl. (1997), Vol (30)-n 2.
[7] Julie Pallant; "SPSS Survival Manual: A Step by Step Guide to Data Analysis Using SPSS"; Edition: 3, revised; Published by Allen &Unwin, 2007.
[8] Jens F. Jordan,Silke Joergens, Sven Dinslage, Thomas S. Dietlein and Gunter K. Krieglstein; "Central and paracentral corneal pachymetry in patients with normal tension glaucoma and ocular hypertension" ; Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology; Volume 244, 2006; p(177-182).
[9] Kohlhaas M, Boehm AG, Spoerl E, Pursten A, GreinHJ,Pillunat LE. Effect of central corneal thickness, corneal curvature, and axial length on applanationtonometr; Arch Ophthalmol 2006; 124: p(471-476). K. A. Brownlee (1960); "Statistical Theory and Methodology in Science and Engineering", John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, p (236).
[10] Kothari, C. R. (1995); "Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques "; Wishwa Prakashan , 2nd ed. , New Delhi; p(166-169).
[2] Francesco Bandello, Alessandra Tavola, Luisa Pierro, GiulioModorati, Claudio Azzolini, Rosario Brancato; "Axial Length and Refraction in Retinal Vein Occlusions";Ophthalmologica 1998; V(212); p(133–135).
[3] George Tomais; GerasimosGeorgopoulos; ChryssanthiKoutsandrea; MichalisMoschos; "Correlation of central corneal thickness and axial length to the optic disc and peripapillary atrophy among healthy individuals, glaucoma and ocular hypertension patients"; Clinical Ophthalmology 2008:2(4)p(981–988).
[4] Gillis A, ZeyenT;"Comparison of Optical Coherence Reflectometry and Ultrasound Central Corneal Pachymetry"; Bull. Soc. belgeOphtalmol., 292, 2004, p(71-75).
[5] Jacob Cohen ; "Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences"; Edition: 2.
[6] Jose Luis Olivares Jimenez, Juan Jose Serrano Perez, Daniel Serrano Laborday, Enrique HitaVillaverde;"Statistical study of the ocular parameters of the human eye"; Opt. Pur. Apl. (1997), Vol (30)-n 2.
[7] Julie Pallant; "SPSS Survival Manual: A Step by Step Guide to Data Analysis Using SPSS"; Edition: 3, revised; Published by Allen &Unwin, 2007.
[8] Jens F. Jordan,Silke Joergens, Sven Dinslage, Thomas S. Dietlein and Gunter K. Krieglstein; "Central and paracentral corneal pachymetry in patients with normal tension glaucoma and ocular hypertension" ; Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology; Volume 244, 2006; p(177-182).
[9] Kohlhaas M, Boehm AG, Spoerl E, Pursten A, GreinHJ,Pillunat LE. Effect of central corneal thickness, corneal curvature, and axial length on applanationtonometr; Arch Ophthalmol 2006; 124: p(471-476). K. A. Brownlee (1960); "Statistical Theory and Methodology in Science and Engineering", John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, p (236).
[10] Kothari, C. R. (1995); "Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques "; Wishwa Prakashan , 2nd ed. , New Delhi; p(166-169).
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Oxidative Stress by Tartrazine in the Testis of Wistar Rats |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | B. Visweswaran and G. Krishnamoorthy |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-0234447 |
Abstract : The aim is to study the effect of Tartrazine (E102) – synthetic food colour – on the antioxidant status of testis of Wistar rats. Twelve male Wistar rats were grouped into 2 groups of six each – Control and Tartrazine-treated groups. Control group was orally administered with water alone while the experimental group was orally administered with tartrazine dissolved in water. The treatment was carried out for 60 days and the activities of antioxidant enzymes - superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) and the levels of their cofactors were subsequently determined in the testis, along with histological studies. Activities of the 4 enzymes showed a common decrease with corresponding alterations in their cofactor levels. The colour orally administered to the experimental animals probably would have generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and H2O2, thereby disrupting the enzymatic antioxidant defense of their testes. Tartrazine is capable of producing free radicals, which in turn cause damage to the cellular compartment system of rat testis.
Keywords: Antioxidant enzymes, oxidative stress, tartrazine, testes
Keywords: Antioxidant enzymes, oxidative stress, tartrazine, testes
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[3] P Rao, RV Bhat, RV Sudershan and TP Krishna, Consumption of synthetic food colours during festivals in Hyderabad, India, British Food Journal, Vol 107, No 5, 2006, pp 276-284.
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Nutrition and Public Health, Vol 1, No 1, pages 68-87.
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[7] AK Bansal, Modulation of N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced oxidative stress by vitamin E in rat erythrocytes Human Exp Toxicol,24, 2005, 297-302.
[8] I Himri, S Bellachen, F Souna, F Belmekki, A Mohammed, B Mohamed, J Zoheir, Z Berkia, H Mekhfi and E Saalaoui, A 90-day Oral Toxicity Study of Tartrazine, a Synthetic Food Dye, in Wistar Rats, Int J Pharm Pharm Sci, Vol 3, Suppl 3, 2011, 159-169.
[9] AE Morales, A Pe´rez-Jime´nez, MC Hidalgo, E Abella and G Cardenete, Oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses after prolonged starvation in Dentex dentex liver, Comparative Biochem Physiology, Part C, 2004, 139: 153 - 156.
[10] IM Mourad and NA Noor, Aspartame (a widely used artificial sweetener) and oxidative stress in the rat cerebral cortex, Int J Biomed Sci, 2011, 2(1), 4-10.
[2] K Walton, R Walker,JJM Sandt and JV Castell, The application of in vitro data in the derivation of the acceptable daily intake of food additives, Food Chem Toxicol, 37 (12), 1999, 1175-1197.
[3] P Rao, RV Bhat, RV Sudershan and TP Krishna, Consumption of synthetic food colours during festivals in Hyderabad, India, British Food Journal, Vol 107, No 5, 2006, pp 276-284.
[4] KS Rowe and KJ Rowe, Synthetic food coloring and behavior: a dose response effect in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, repeated-measures study, J Pediatr, 125, 1994, 691-8.
[5] P Rao and RV Sudershan, Risk assessment of synthetic food colours: a case study in Hyderabad, India, Int.J.Food Safety
Nutrition and Public Health, Vol 1, No 1, pages 68-87.
[6] YF Sasaki, S Kawaguchi, A Kamaya, M Ohshita, K Kabasawa, K Iwama, K Taniguchi and Tsuda S, The comet assay with 8 mouse organs: results with 39 currently used food additives, Mutat. Res. 519 (1-2), 2002, 103-119.
[7] AK Bansal, Modulation of N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced oxidative stress by vitamin E in rat erythrocytes Human Exp Toxicol,24, 2005, 297-302.
[8] I Himri, S Bellachen, F Souna, F Belmekki, A Mohammed, B Mohamed, J Zoheir, Z Berkia, H Mekhfi and E Saalaoui, A 90-day Oral Toxicity Study of Tartrazine, a Synthetic Food Dye, in Wistar Rats, Int J Pharm Pharm Sci, Vol 3, Suppl 3, 2011, 159-169.
[9] AE Morales, A Pe´rez-Jime´nez, MC Hidalgo, E Abella and G Cardenete, Oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses after prolonged starvation in Dentex dentex liver, Comparative Biochem Physiology, Part C, 2004, 139: 153 - 156.
[10] IM Mourad and NA Noor, Aspartame (a widely used artificial sweetener) and oxidative stress in the rat cerebral cortex, Int J Biomed Sci, 2011, 2(1), 4-10.