Volume-7 ~ Issue-1
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Analysis of Cow's Urine for Detection of Lipase Activity and Anti-Microbial Properties |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Saneesh Kumar |
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: | 10.9790/3008-0710108  |
Abstract: There is enormous amount of literature in Ayurveda stating the importance of cow's urine for all purposes, including its importance in our daily life. This research targets on the antimicrobial activity of urine and its biochemical content that can be the key potential factor for its usage as a medicine. A detailed biochemical analysis of cow's urine was done to understand its antibacterial/antifungal properties along with lipase activity which could make it a potentially effective anti-cancer agent. Various micro-organismal plating techniques were applied using Nutrient and Potato Dextrose Agar as the medium for bacterial and fungal growth, to study the inhibitory activity of cow's urine on these organisms. Thin layer chromatography, Volumetric analysis, Spectrophotometric analysis and Tributyrintests were conducted on cow's urine sample to analyze the lipase activity present within the urine content. Statistical comparisons, of the spectra obtained from the Spectrophotometric analysis of urine sample, were made with those already analyzedon various types of lipase activity detectionsfrom previous researches,and similarities were observed in both studies to ascertain the lipase factor potential within cow's urine sample. The tests proved that cow's urine was highly effective in inhibiting bacterial and fungal growth and also a potential natural source of lipase enzyme.
Keywords: Anti-fungal, Ayurveda, Cow's urine, Lipase, Skin-disease.
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[3]. J. Edwin, E. Sheej,T. Vaibhav,G. Rajesh,T. Emmanuel. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of cow urine, Global journal of pharmacology2008; 2:20-22.
Analysis ofCow's Urine for Detection of Lipase Activity and Anti-Microbial Properties.
www.iosrjournals.org 8 | Page
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[9]. R.S. Chauhan. Panchagavya Therapy (Cowpathy)– Current status and future directions. Indian Cow2004; 1:3-7.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Comparative study of sympathetic cardiovascular parameters in overweight, normal and underweight school children in southern Odisha basing on BMI criteria |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Dr. Debasish Das, Dr. Bipin Bihari Pradhan, Dr. Minati Patnaik |
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: | 10.9790/3008-0710911 |
Abstract: This study was undertaken to investigate and compare the sympathetic cardio vascular parameters in age matched overweight, underweight and normal weight school going boys in southern Odisha. 75 Boys between age group of 12-16 were subjected to study out of which 25 were overweight (BMI>25), next 25 were underweight(BMI<18.5),rest 25 were control group having normal BMI. Cold pressure test and hand grip dynamometer test were performed and blood pressure was measured during and after the tests as measures of cardiovascular parameter. Baseline SBP and MAP were significantly higher in overweight boys & lower in underweight boys. Maximum rise of SBP, DBP & MAP during hand grip dynamometer test were significantly higher in overweight boys & lower in underweight boys. Increase in SBP & MAP from their basal value during cold pressure test were significantly lower in overweight boys & higher in underweight boys. Thus it is concluded that both overweight & underweight boys have derangement of sympathetic cardiovascular function. SBP- Systolic blood pressure, DBP- Diastolic blood pressure , MAP- Mean arterial pressure
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Potential Biodeteriogens of Indoor and Outdoor Surfaces (Coated With Gloss, Emulsion and Textcoat Paints) |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | L. O. Odokuma, D. P. Berebon, C. B. Ogbonna |
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: | 10.9790/3008-0711219 |
Abstract: Potential Biodeteriogens of indoor and outdoor surfaces (coated with gloss, emulsion and text coat paints) within the University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria were investigated. Potential Biodeteriogens implicated in deterioration of painted surfaces were bacteria, fungi, microalgae and cyanobacteria. The total heterotrophic bacteria counts and total fungal counts for outdoor and indoor painted surfaces ranged from 2.8 x 106 to 9.00 x 106 cfu/g paint scrape, 1.56 x 104 to 6.6 x 104 cfu/g paint scrape; and 1.1 x 106 to 6.5 x 106 cfu/g paint scrapes, 1.31 x 104 to 9.8 x 104 cfu/g paint scrapes respectively. The result of THB and TF count expressed graphically showed surfaces with increasing order of microbial load: Gloss paints < Text coat paint < Emulsion paints. Predominant bacterial genera isolated from the surfaces include Bacillus (29.0%), Pseudomonas (22.6%), Proteus (19.4%), Serratia (16.1%), Citrobacter (6.5%), Enterobacter (3.2%) and Klebsiella (3.2%). Fungal genera isolated include: Alternaria, Aspergillus , Cladosporium , Fusarium ,Geotrichum , Gleosporium , Penicillum , Rhizopus , Saccharomyces and Stachybotrys . Fungi were the predominant biodeteriogens. Predominant microalgae isolated from the wet painted surfaces include Chorella , Characium , Closterium , Geminella , Oscillatoria , Totrogonnidium and Triceratium . Physicochemistry of various paint surfaces revealed the following: TOC (1.30 – 3.49%), Phosphate (0.39-8.82mg/100g), nitrate (4.64-187.58mg/100g), sulphate (99.78-285.00mg/100g), pH (8.55-9.59), oil and Grease (125.00-285.00mg/100g).Result showed that different consortia of biodeteriogens implicated in indoor and outdoor painted surfaces are dependent on the chemical compositions of the various paints, nature of the coating surfaces and physicochemical parameters influencing the microbial processes. Emulsion surfaces habour most potential biodeteriogens on their surfaces than the other surfaces. There were significant differences (P < 0.05) in the various potential biodeteriogens, categories of painted surfaces, indoor and outdoor surfaces.
Keywords: Biodeteriogens, indoor, outdoor, painted surfaces
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Estimation of Anti Hbs antibody titer in adults during 5-10 years period following three doses of vaccine |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Dr. B. S. Mahawal, Dr. N. Bhai, Dr. V. K. Kataria, Dr. N. Gulati, Dr. I. Chandola |
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: | 10.9790/3008-0712023 |
Abstract: Health care professional are a high risk group for Hepatitis B and are advised vaccination against hepatitis B. The protective antibodies induced by Hepatitis B vaccination wane gradually over period of time and may reach very low or even undetectable levels. A cross sectional prospective study was undertaken to investigate the persistence of anti-HBs levels in health care professionals who had been immunized with HBV vaccine and the need for booster doses of the vaccine. In this cross-sectional study, health care professionals (18 -55 yrs of age) who had received full course of HBV vaccination were sampled and tested for anti-HBs from May 2010 to June 2011. Plasma samples were tested for anti-HBs using ELISA. Titer >=10 mIU/mL was considered to be seroprotective. Individuals with titre <10 mIU/mL were advised full three doses of vaccine. A total of 112 samples were collected. Protective antibody levels were detected in 99.9% of subjects one year after vaccination. It decreased to 80.96% by 5 years after vaccination, and further decreased to 46.16% in 10 years after vaccination. Sero protection rates decreased significantly with increasing time from last vaccination due to waning anti-HBs titer (P<0.001).According to the above mentioned results, for a high risk group population such as medical students and residents, who are at continuous exposure to HBV, it is reasonable to determine the anti HBsAb response at one month post vaccination However, in order to confirm the persistence of immune protection, we strongly suggest detection of the anti-HBsAb titer at 5 – 10 years after the last inoculation.
Key words: Anti HBs, ELISA, vaccination, seroprotection rates
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Antibacterial Activity of Stem Bark Extracts of Oroxylum Indicum an Endangered Ethnomedicinal Forest Tree |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Samatha Talari, Sampath A, Sujatha K., Rama Swamy Nanna |
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: | 10.9790/3008-0712428 |
Abstract: The present work has been under taken to study the antibacterial activity of stem bark extracts of O. indicum against disease causing gram negative and gram positive bacteria. Antimicrobial activity of solvent extracts of stem bark of Oroxylum indicum has been studied to find out its activity against four important bacterial strains Bacillus subtilis, B. cereus, Staphylococcus albus and S. aureus . The antimicrobial activity of the stem bark extracts was done through well diffusion method and by measuring the inhibition zone around the disc. The results revealed that the aqueous extracts of O. indicum exhibited antimicrobial activity against all the microbes under study. The results provided evidence that the species O. indicum can be used as a potential source of antimicrobial agent. Keywords: Antimicrobial activity, Oroxylum indicum, Stem bark extract, Zone of inhibition
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Ethnobotanical Euphorbian plants of North Maharashtra Region |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Yuvraj D. Adsul, Raghunath T. Mahajan, Shamkant B. Badgujar |
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: | 10.9790/3008-0712935 |
Abstract: Euphorbiaceae is among the large flowering plant families consisting of a wide variety of vegetative forms. Some of which plants are of great importance, It is need to explore traditional medicinal knowledge of plant materials belonging to various genera of Euphorbiaceae available in North Maharashtra State. Plants have always been the source of food, medicine and other necessities of life since the origin of human being. Plant containing ethnomedicinal properties have been known and used in some forms or other tribal communities of Satpuda region. These tribal have their own system of Ethnomedicine for the treatment of different ailments. In the course of survey useful Euphorbian plants of Satpuda, 34 medicinal plants belonging to 18 genus is documented. This article reports their botanical identity, family name, local language name part used preparations and doses, if any. It is observed that tribes of this region uses various Euphorbian plant in the form of decoction, infusion, extract, paste, powder etc. Thus the knowledge area of this region with respect to ethnomedicine would be useful for botanist, pharmacologist and phytochemist for further explorations. It is concluded that the family is a good starting point for the search for plant-based medicines.
Keywords: Ethnomedicine, Tribals, Satpuda region, Euphorbian medicinal plant.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Effect of Antioxidant status on liver following Atrazine exposure and its protection by Andrographis paniculata |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Shirisha K., Mastan M. |
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: | 10.9790/3008-0713641 |
Abstract: The efficacy of Andrographis paniculata (AP) extract was studied on atrazine induced hepatic damage in rats. Ethanolic extract of AP (150mg/kg body weight) was found to protect the male wistar rats from hepato toxic action of atrazine as evidence by significant reduction in the level of lipid peroxidation and increased the antioxidant defense system activity in the atrazine intoxicated rats. However, AP treatment ameliorated the effects of atrazine suggesting it as potential antioxidant against atrazine induced oxidative stress.
Key words: Andrographis paniculata, Atrazine, Hepatoprotective, Antioxidant enzymes.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Effect of astaxanthin on ethylene glycol induced nephrolithiasis |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Manju Alex, Mathews V. Varghese, M. Abhilash, M. V. Sauganth Paul, R. Harikumaran Nair |
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: | 10.9790/3008-0714247 |
Abstract: Nephrolithiasis is one of the most common and painful of urological disorders with a high prevalence rate. The role of calcium oxalate crystals, which are the predominant component of kidney stones in generating oxidative stress, have been clearly demonstrated in previous studies. Astaxanthin, found in marine organisms is a dietary xanthophyll carotenoid with enhanced antioxidative properties and pharmacological effects. In the present study, we have investigated the effect of this natural antioxidant, at a daily dose of 25mg/kg in experimental calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis in male Wistar rats. Liver function markers, hepatic antioxidants, albumin creatinine ratios, renal calcium content and changes in body and kidney weight have been studied to evaluate the effect of this carotenoid in vivo. The effect of citrate, a component of most pharmaceutical drugs for management of nephrolithiasis has also been evaluated for the purpose of comparison with astaxanthin treatment. Astaxanthin is seen to exert a protective effect on the liver and kidney tissues in ethylene glycol treated rats by improving the liver function, restoring the activity of the hepatic antioxidant enzymes, decreasing the albumin creatinine ratios and calcium levels and maintaining the organ to body weight ratio. Our results also indicate that astaxanthin administration is more beneficial than citrate treatment.
Keywords: astaxanthin, calcium oxalate, citrate, nephrolithiasis, nephroprotective.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | "Comparitive Study of Prevalence of Hyperlactatemia in HIV / AIDS Patients receiving two Antiretroviral Regimens (AZT+3TC+NVP Vs d4T+3TC+NVP)" |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Rajasulochana Pisipati, Sankar Kurli, Chandrakala Kambar |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-0714855 |
Abstract: Hyperlactatemia is one of the important metabolic abnormalities in HIV infected patients. The prevalence of hyperlactatemia in natural course of HIV disease is approximately about 2%. Aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of hyperlactatemia in HIV patients receiving two antiretroviral regimens, advocated by NACO by monitoring the plasma lactate levels. This study was taken up with 200 patients to compare the prevalence of hyperlactatemia of two commonly used NACO regimens (zidovudine+ lamivudine+ nevirapine) Vs (stavudine+ lamivudine+ nevirapine). The plasma lactate levels were estimated between 9th to 18thmonth after initiation of antiretroviral therapy. The comparision and correlation between plasma lactate levels, CD4 counts and haemoglobin percentage in both regimens was done. There was statistically significant rise in the plasma lactate levels (p<0.05) in both regimens. The increase in plasma lactate levels is more in stavudine group compared to zidovudine group. There was low degree of positive correlation between plasma lactate and haemoglobin in Stavudine group but negative correlation between Plasma lactate and CD4 counts in both groups. More focus is needed on Pharmacovigilance of NRTIs induced hyperlactatemia especially Stavudine.
Key words: Hyperlactatemia, Stavudine, Zidovudine, HIV, NACO regimen.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Bryophyllum Pinnatum: A Potential Attenuator of Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rabbits |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Apiamu Augustine, Ugbebor Gilbert, Evuen Uduenevwo Francis |
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: | 10.9790/3008-0715661 |
Abstract: Cadmium has been famously implicated in the stimulation of free radical production in biosystems resulting in oxidative deterioration of lipids, proteins and DNA, and initiating various pathological conditions in humans and animals. This study therefore, examined the antidotal and ameliorative capacity of crude ethanolic extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum on cadmium-induced oxidative stress using rabbit models. A total of fifteen rabbits (1.30±0.05kg) were used for the study. After two weeks of acclimatization, the rabbits were randomly rifted into three experimental groups- (N, CD & CB) with five animals per group. The control group (N) was injected normal saline intraperitoneally (3mg/kg body weight) and the test groups (CD & CB) were administered cadmium once daily by subcutaneous injection (3mg/kg body weight). The ethanolic extract of the plant was orally administered once daily at a dose of 100mg/kg body weight. The oxidative and antioxidative stress parameters were assessed in tissues. The results showed significant difference (p˂ 0.05)in treated groups relative to the control group with the exception of glutathione peroxidase activity in leg muscles. Therefore, the results obtained in this study confirmed the potency of the plant to annihilate cadmium toxicity in animals.
Keywords: antioxidative stress parameters, Bryophyllum pinnatum, cadmium toxicity, oxidative stress
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