Volume-8 ~ Issue-3
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Effects of NaCl and Lime water on the Hypoglycemic and Antioxidant activities of Ocimum gratissimum in Alloxan-induced Diabetic rats |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Makinwa T.T., Adiele H., Oyebiyi O.O., Alabi T.D., Sodeinde K. O. |
 |
: | 10.9790/3008-0830105  |
Abstract: The antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of Ocimum gratissimum (O.G) are well documented. This study was designed to investigate the effects of adding NaCl or lime water to aqueous leaves extract of O.G in alloxan (100mg/kg)-induced diabetic rats. 25 male wistar rats of average weight 180 were divided into 5 groups as; control, diabetic, diabetic treated with O.G (400 mg/kg), diabetic treated with O.G+ NaCl and diabetic treated with O.G + lime water for six weeks. At the end of the experiment, plasma glucose level, Total protein, Albumin and liver ALT, AST, MDA and GSH were determined. The results showed that the aqueous extract of O.G, significantly (P<0.05) reduced the plasma glucose, liver MDA and significantly (P<0.05) increased the liver GSH and ALT of the treated diabetic rats. However these values were found to be significantly (P<0.05) reduced by the addition of NaCl and limewater. While there were no significant (P<0.05) differences in the plasma albumin, total proteins and liver AST in the treated groups as compared with the control. This study showed that the addition of NaCl or lime water to the extracts of O. gratissimum may reduce the hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities associated with O. gratissimum.
Keywords: Antidiabetic, Antioxidant, Lime water, NaCl and Ocimum gratissimum.
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[10] I.A. Abdel Barry, J.A. Abdel-Hassan and T.S. Mohammed, The hypoglycaemic and antihyperglycaemic effect of Citrullus colocynthis fruit aqueous extract in normal and alloxan diabetic rabbits. J. Ethnopharmacol.,71, 2000, 325-330.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | In vitro cancer chemopreventive properties of polysaccharide extract from the brown alga, sargassum wightii |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Manoj Kumar K., Seema |
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: | 10.9790/3008-0830611 |
Abstract: Polysaccharides of edible algae attracted extensive interest due to their numerous biological activities. Sargassum wightii C. Agardh, belongs to Sargassaceae, is a brown algae in sea shores in Mandapam Rameshwaram and in and aroud areas. The cancer chemopreventive activity of different fractionsof water-soluble polysaccharide extract derived from S.wightii. Estimation of cancer chemopreventive activity, specifically anti-initiation, including the modulation of carcinogen metabolism and the antioxidant capacity,.poly sacharides from Sargassum wightii have a broad spectrum of novel cancer chemopreventive agents. cell-and enzyme- based in vitro assays with markers relevant for measuring inhibition of carcinogenesis during the initiation, promotion, and progression stage. These bioassay systems offer effective identification and evaluation of lead compounds for the development of effective chemopreventive agents and the elucidation of their mechanism of action.
Keywords: Apoptosis, Anti-promoting, Cancer chemo prevention, MTT assay, Sargassum wightii.
[1] Asker, M.S., Mohamed, S.M., Ali, F.M., El-Sayed, O.H., 2007. Chemical structure and antiviral activity of water-soluble sulfated
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[2] Josephine, A., Veena, C.K., Amudha, G., Preetha, S.P., Sundarapandian, R.,Varalakshmi, P., 2007. Sulphated polysaccharides: new
insight in theprevention of cyclosporine A-induced glomerular injury. Basic Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 101, 9–15.
[3] Raghavendran, H.B., Sathivel, A., Yogeeta, R.S., Devaki, T., 2007. Efficacy of Sargassumpolycystum Phaeophyceae sulphated polysaccharide against paracetamolinduced DNA fragmentation and modulation of membrane-bound phosphatases during toxic hepatitis. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 34, 142–147.
[4] Jung, M., Jang, K.H., Kim, B., Lee, B.H., Choi, B.W., Oh, K.B., Shin, J., 2008.Meroditerpenoids from the brown alga Sargassum siliquastrum. J. Nat. Prod. 71, 1714–1719.
[5] Zhu, W., Chiu, L.C., Ooi, V.E., Chan, P.K., Ang Jr., P.O., 2006. Antiviral property and mechanisms of a sulphated polysaccharide from the brown alga Sargassum patens against Herpes simplex virus type 1. Phytomedicine 13, 695–701.
[6] Dias, P.F., Siqueira Jr., J.M., Maraschin, M., Ferreira, A.G., Gagliardi, A.R., Ribeiro-do- Valle, R.M., 2008. A polysaccharide isolated from the brown seaweed Sargassum stenophyllum exerts antivasculogenic effects evidenced by modified morphogenesis. Microvasc. Res. 751 (January), 34–44.
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[8] Athukorala, Y., Lee, K.W., Kim, S.K., Jeon, Y.J., 2007. Anticoagulant activity of marine green and brown algae collected from Jeju Island in Korea. Bioresour. Technol. 98, 1711–1716.
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[10] Dias, P.F., Siqueira Jr., J.M., Maraschin, M., Ferreira, A.G., Gagliardi, A.R., Ribeiro-do- Valle, R.M., 2008. A polysaccharide isolated from the brown seaweed Sargassum stenophyllum exerts antivasculogenic effects evidenced by modified morphogenesis. Microvasc. Res. 751 (January), 34–44.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Parental Attitude towards the use of Contraceptives by Adolescents in Osogbo, Osun State |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Oyediran O. Olufemi, Faronbi Joel, Ajibade B. L. |
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: | 10.9790/3008-0831218 |
Abstract: Teenage pregnancy is an issue of concern in the world all over and it results from indiscriminate sex among the adolescents, this may not be unconnected to non usage of contraceptives by this age group due to the attitude of parents about it. Contraceptives are methods of preventing unwanted pregnancy among sexually active couples or adolescents and when effectively utilized, it promotes the health of family member and indirectly improving the health of the nation. The study assessed the parental knowledge about contraceptives, attitude of parents toward provision of contraceptives to adolescents and also found out the appropriate method that parents prefer for adolescents in Osogbo. The study adopted a descriptive design, 400 respondents were selected through a multi stage sampling technique from the two local governments in Osogbo. Data was collected using a validated structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential Statistical Package for Social Sciences.
Keywords: Attitude, Parental, Adolescents, Contraceptives and Use.
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[2] Aronson, E. (1991) "The cognitive Dissonance theory". Journal of Abnormal and social Psychology.Vol 30, No 21
[3] Awodele, K. (2008) "Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of premarital sexual intercourse among school Adolescents in Osogbo Local Government Area, Osun State." African Journal of Reproductive Health 2009 ; 12 : 150- 165.
[4] Caparalo. F.K. (2005): "Sexual Health, Needs of the mentally retarded adolescent Female". Issues health care. Vol. 3 35 – 46.
[5] Caroline, C (2004), "Adolescent Contraception'' Journal of Adolescent health.Vol.22, No 6 May/June
[6] David, M. (2006):"Adolescent sexual Awareness, knowledge, Attitudes and behavior studies". Family Planning Journal Vol. 5, No. 3 May/June.
[7] Douglas, N.L & Otolorin E. (2006), "Sexual behavior contraceptive practice and Reproductive health among Nigeria Adolescents" "Studies in Family Planning Vol. 19, No. 2. March/April.
[8] Foege, W.H (2003): "Family Planning methods and Practice: Atlanta Georgia US.A ; Africa Center for disease control for health promotion and education.
[9] Kathleen, A. C. (2010) Parental influence on Adolescent Decision making and Contraceptive use. Journal of Paediatric Nursing. Vol 4 June/July.
[10] Olawuni P.O (2007) Journal of land use and development studies. vol no 1,pg 149.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Shoot tip cryopreservation by vitrification in Kaempferia galanga L. An endangered, overexploited medicinal plant in Tropical Asia |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | T. S. Preetha, A. S. Hemantha Kumar, P. N. Krishnan |
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: | 10.9790/3008-0831923 |
Abstract: Shoot tips from the established in vitro shoot cultures of Kaempferia galanga L., an endangered medicinal plant were successfully cryopreserved using the vitrification procedure. Effect of concentration of sucrose for preculture, vitrification treatment with PVS2(Plant vitrification solution 2) and recovery medium on cryopreservation of shoot tip meristems has been analyzed. Overnight preculturing of the dissected shoot tips in MS medium containing 0.4 M sucrose, osmoprotection with loading solution for 20 minutes, dehydration with PVS2 for 20 minutes at 0 oC were found to be optimum among the various treatments tested. The cryoprotected shoot tips upon rapid freezing in LN (liquid nitrogen) followed by rapid thawing produced 50-60% survival and 30-40% regeneration rates. Incorporation of GA3 (giberellic acid) in the post-thaw culture medium was essential to induce shoot emergence in the initial phase. Subculturing of the recovered shoot tips in MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mgl-1 BA (6-benzyl adenine) and 0.5 mgl-1 NAA (ƒ¿-naphthaleneacetic acid) resulted plantlet production. The regenerated shoots grew to mature plants were free of any morphogenetic variation upon field transfer.
Keywords: cryopreservation, endangered medicinal plant, long - term conservation, shoot tips, vitrification.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Strawberry Dioxygenase: Vorapaxar A model for Antiplatelet Therapy |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Alok Jha, Ramasare Prasad |
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: | 10.9790/3008-0832432 |
Abstract: A Dioxygenase is an enzyme which incorporates both the atoms of molecular oxygen into kinds of substrate, undergoing various types of mechanisms. One of the most important functions of Dioxygenases could be the cleavage of aromatic ring compounds, which play key roles in the degradation of aromatic compounds. Tissue factor (TF) is the membrane receptor that initiates coagulation pathway and it promotes developmental and tumor angiogenesis. The gut microbiota promotes TF-glycosylation and activation of coagulation protease. The anti-TF therapy reduces microbiota induced vascular remodeling and expression of the proangiogenic factor angiopoietin 1 (Ang-1) in the small intestine. Here, we report the Protease activated receptor PAR-1 antagonist Vorapaxar binding with the dioxygenase. The structure model suggests that how a highly lipophilic substrate can interact with the membrane integrated protein such as dioxygenase. Dioxygenase can be an important target for drug development for combinatorial drug therapy. The structure model reported here will aid the development of improved PAR-1 antagonist and also improve the understanding of Vorapaxar mode of actions and will justify its use for treatments of intracranial hemorrhages, coronary vascularization and peripheral arterial disease (PAD). We anticipate the structure model will also aid to the structure aided drug designing.
Keywords: Dioxygenase, Gut microbiota, Protease activated receptor, PAR1, Tissue factor, TF, Vorapaxar
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Prevalence of Thyroid Disorders in Patients in Two Tertiary Care Hospitals at Palakkad: A Prospective Study |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Deepthi GovindanKutty, Dhanya.C. S., C. I. Sajeeth |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-0833337 |
Abstract: Introduction: In the present study, the prevalence and pattern of thyroid disorders in patients attending two tertiary care hospitals with different co morbidities were assessed. Aim: The aim was to find the prevalence of different types of thyroid disorders and prevalence of different comorbidities in patients with hypothyroidism. Methods: The study was a prospective observational study by verifying patient's data records, using pre-designed questionnaire and direct patient interview. 120 cases were collected during a 4 months study period from both the tertiary care hospitals. The biochemical parameters were glycemic control (fasting and post prandial blood glucose levels, total cholesterol, blood pressure, thyroid profile (TSH, free T3, and free T4) and other routine laboratory investigations. These parameters were verified and assessed. Results: Prevalence of thyroid disorders were seen more in female population and no. of patients with hypothyroidism was high. Type 2 Diabetes mellitus was the most common comorbidty presenting with hypothyroidism. Among the diabetic population with hypothyroidism, females were more prevalent. Conclusion: This study suggests that in the female population, T2DM and Hypothyroidism are prevalent both individually and jointly.
Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Hypothyroidism, Thyroid dysfunction, TSH.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | The Protective Efficacy of Selected Phytonutrients on Liver Enzymes of Albino Rats Exposed To Cement Dust |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Yahaya, .T, J. Okpuzor, T. Ajayi |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-0833844 |
Abstract: The efficacy of roselle, moringa, ginger and 'ugwu' in protecting the levels of some liver enzymes of albino rats exposed to cement dust was evaluated. The rats were grouped into six containing 15 rats each. The rats in the test groups were treated with 400 mg kg-1 ethanol extracts of roselle, moringa, ginger, 'ugwu' and a mixture of the plant extracts, respectively. The control rats received only distilled water (10 ml per day). The activities of Alanine amino Transferase (ALT), Aspartate Amino Transferase (AST), and Alkaline Phosphates activity (ALP) were monitored for a period of 180 days. Significant differences (p<0.05) exist between the control and test rats in all the tested liver enzymes. The elevated liver enzymes of the control rats released into the blood stream may be due to liver damage. The fairly-normal levels of the liver enzymes of the test rats may be credited to the protective effects of the plant extracts. The results of the study underscored the efficacy of phytonutrients in reducing the effects of environmental pollutants on rats.
Keywords: cement dust, liver enzymes, albino rat, phytonutrient, pollutant.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Cosmeceuticals: current trends and market preparations |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Sangeeta Kumari, SM Paul Khurana |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-0834548 |
Abstract: In the cosmetic arena, many materials are used commercially and claim to provide skin effects (eg, antiaging effects) when used topically. Cosmeceuticals encompass a wide range of compounds of various biochemical functions. Clinically, several natural products have already been accepted to treat hyperpigmentation, wrinkles, ageing, toning and texture of the skin. In recent years various natural product have been introduced in various cosmetics for safe dermal applications with minimum side effects. The aim of this short contribution is to educate aesthetically oriented people about the basic science behind the natural products that are in use as herbals and their clinical implications. Their use needs judicious discretion on the part of user as per their skin type.
Keywords: Antiaging, antioxidants, antibacterial, skin toning,Cosmeceuticals
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Bioprocess Development for High Cell Mass Production of the Probiotic Yeast-Kluyveromyces lactis |
| Country | : | Malaysia |
| Authors | : | Hun C.H, Mohd Sueb M.S., Abd Malek R., Othman Z., Elsayed E.A., Ramili, S., Elmarzugi N.A., Sarmidi M.R., Aziz R., El Enshasy H.A. |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-0834959 |
Abstract: In the present study, the key industrial strain of Kluyveromyces lactis NRRL Y-110 was used to develop an industrial process for probiotic cell mass production. Therefore, the biomass production process of K. lactis was developed via the optimization of different medium and process parameters in shake flask and bioreactor levels. In the first part of the work, the effect of medium composition on the production of biomass was investigated in shake flask culture. Among different production media studied, the medium composed of lactose, ammonium sulphate, magnesium sulphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and yeast extract yielded the highest volumetric high cell mass production of 4.34 g.L-1 after 24 hours cultivation. Furthermore, the optimization involved different key nutrients (carbon sources, nitrogen sources and mineral sources). The results obtained are helpful for the overproduction of highest cell mass by submerged culture of K. lactis on a semi-industrial scale. During bioreactor cultivation under controlled and uncontrolled pH, results showed that, high cell biomass yield of 15.1 g.L-1 was produced under controlled pH conditions compared to uncontrolled pH. This value was almost 48.30% higher than those obtained in controlled pH submerged shake flask culture. Keywords: Kluyveromyces lactis, Probiotic, Biomass Production, Bioprocess optimization
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[2]. N. El Marzugi, H.A. El Enshasy, R. Abd Malek, Z. Othman, M.R. Sarmidi and R. Abdel Aziz, Optimization of cell mass production of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus lactis in batch and fed-batch culture in pilot scale levels, in A. Médez-Vilas (Ed.), Current Research, Technology and Education Topics in Applied Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Vol. 2 (Formatex Research Centre, Badajoz, Spain, 2010) 873-879.
[3]. R.A. Malek, S. Hamdan, H. El Enshasy, N.Z. Othman, N.A. Zainol, M.R. Sarmidi, and R. Aziz, (2010). Production of Lactobacillus salivarius, a new probiotic strain isolated from human breast milk, in semi-industrial scale and studies on its functional characterization, in A. Médez-Vilas (Ed.), Current Research, Technology and Education Topics in Applied Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Vol. 2 (Formatex Research Centre, Badajoz, Spain, 2010) 1196-1204.
[4]. N.Z. Othman, H.A. El Enshasy, R. Abdel Malek, M.R. Sarmidi, and R.A. Aziz, Kinetics of cell growth and functional characterization of probiotic strains Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Lactobacillus paracasei isolated from breast milk. Deutsche Lebensmittel Rundschau, 105, 2009, 444-450.
[5]. N.Z. Othman, Y.S. Chan, R.A. Malek, S. Ramli, N.S. Ismail, M.R. Sarmidi, R. Aziz and H.A. El Enshasy, Bioprocess optimization for cell mass production and functional characterization of Lactobacillus plantarum. Paper No. 594e. 2012 AIChE annual meeting conference, Pittsburgh, USA. ISBN: 978-0-8169-1073-1.
[6]. H.A. El Enshasy, and A.A. El Shereef, Optimization of high cell density cultivation of (Probiotic/Biotherapeutic) yeast Saccharomyces boulardii adapted to dryness stress. Deutsche Lebensmittel Rundschau. 104, 2008, 389-394.
[7]. R.A. Malek, A.F. Ishak, S. El Sayed, I. El Badry, N.Z. Othman, M.R. Sarmidi, R.A. Aziz and H.A. El Enshasy, Semi-industrial production of probiotic/biotherapeutic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii in high cell density culture using different cultivation strategies. Paper No. 594d. 2012 AIChE annual meeting conference, Pittsburgh, USA. ISBN: 978-0-8169-1073-1.
[8]. H. El Enshasy, Industrial platform design for large scale production of probiotic yeast. Paper No. 531c. 2012 AIChE annual meeting conference, Pittsburgh, USA. ISBN: 978-0-8169-1073-1.
[9]. A.J.J. Van Ooyen, D. Peter, M. Huang, M.M.A. Olsthoorn, D.I. Jacobs, P.A. Colussi and C.H. Taron, Heterologous protein production in the yeast Kluyveromyces lactis. Federation of European Microbiological Societies, 6, 2006, 381-392
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Effect of different agro-waste substrates and their combinations on the yield and biological efficiency of Pleurotus sajor- caju |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Poonam Dehariya , Deepak Vyas |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-0836064 |
Abstract: Pleurotus sajor-caju Singer (Fr.) was cultivated on different agro-wastes viz. soybean straw, wheat straw, paddy straw, sugarcane bagasses, sun flower stalks, maize stalks, domestic waste, used tea leaves, fruit waste, semal flowers, news paper, bamboo leaves, saw dust and their combinations in 1:1 proportion to determine the effect of these agro waste on yield, growth and biological efficiency. Soybean straw showed significantly highest yield (with 93.3% B.E.). Semal flowers required lesser time for spawn run (14.33 days) and pin head appearance (18.33 days). Among all the combinations soybean straw + wheat straw showed significantly highest yield (with 87.3% B.E.) and soybean straw + saw dust showed significantly lesser yield (with 43.8% B.E.). Except Saw dust and News paper other test substrates were found suitable for the growth of Pleurotus sajor-caju.
Key words: Waste, Agro-wastes, straw, biological efficiency.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Detection of PLC- From Testis of Rattus Argentiventer(Rice-Field Rat) Using RT-PCR and qRT-PCR |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | A.S.Fadzlina, A.M.N. Nasyriq, M.N. Noor Faezah, L.H. Lee, Y.K. Cheah and S. Sukardi |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-0836574 |
Abstract: Rattus argentiventer (Rice Field Rat) is responsible for destruction of paddy. The mammal is known for its rapid reproductive potential which can be a target for biological control of this species. Phospholipase C-zeta (PLC ζ) is a specific enzyme found in sperm of mammals responsible for triggering calcium oscillationsleading to egg activation during fertilization. It facilitates the first step of egg activation causing egg division and subsequent development into an embryo. The method used in this study was to identify PLC gene fragments from the testis of Rattus argentiventer using two-step Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and quantified with Real Time Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). Following that, sequencing of PLC was performed. The identified sequence was then keyed in into the BLAST portal in NCBI (National Centre of Bioinformatics) for comparison with a standard PLC sequence from Rattus norvegicus for sequence alignment. The result showed that PLCζ was present in Rattus argentiventer and qRT-PCR could quantify the amount of PLCζ available.As such this would give additional information of detection and quantification techniques for rapid identification and detection of PLCζ to be carried out in the approach of controlling the rapid growth of Rattus argentiventer population.
Keywords: Phospholipase C-zeta (PLCζ),Rattus argentiventer, testes, RT-PCR, qRT-PCR
[1.] Aghajanpour, S., Ghaedi, K., Salamian, A., Deemeh, M. R., Tavalaee, M., Moshtaghian, J., and Nasr-Esfahani, M. H. (2011). Quantitative expression of phospholipase C zeta, as an index to assess fertilization potential of a semen sample. Human Reproduction, 26(11), 2950-2956. doi: 10.1093/humrep/der285
[2.] Biorad Real-Time PCR Applications Guide Manual. Retrieved 23 August 2012 from http://www.genequantification.de/real-time-pcr-guide-bio-rad.pdf , 2006).
[3.] Buckle, A. P., Rowe, F. P., & Husin, A. R. (1984). Field trials of warfarin and brodifacoum wax block baits for the control of the rice field rat, rattus argentiventer in peninsular malaysia∗. Tropical Pest Management, 30(1), 51-58. doi: 10.1080/09670878409370851 [4.] Bustin, S. A., Benes, V., Garson, J. A., Hellemans, J., Huggett, J., Kubista, M.,Wittwer, C. T. (2009). The MIQE guidelines: Minimum information for publication of quantitative real-time PCR experiments. Clinical Chemistry, 55(4), 611-622. doi: 10.1373/clinchem.2008.112797
[5.] Carmosino, M., Mazzone, A., Laforenza, U., Gastaldi, G., Svelto, M., & Valenti, G. (2005). Altered expression of aquaporin 4 and H+/K+-ATPase in the stomachs of peptide YY (PYY) transgenic mice. Biology of the Cell, 97(9), 735-742. doi: 10.1042/BC20040138 [6.] Christensen, T., Lassen, P., & Elmeros, M. (2012). High Exposure Rates of Anticoagulant Rodenticides in Predatory Bird Species in Intensively Managed Landscapes in Denmark. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 63(3), 437-444.
[7.] Deng, M. Y., Wang, H., Ward, G. B., Beckham, T. R., & McKenna, T. S. (2005). Comparison of six RNA extraction methods for the detection of classical swine fever virus by real-time and conventional reverse Transcription–PCR. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 17(6), 574-578. doi: 10.1177/104063870501700609
[8.] Fujimoto, S., Yoshida, N., Fukui, T., Amanai, M., Isobe, T., Itagaki, C. and Perry, A. C. F. (2004). Mammalian phospholipase Cζ induces oocyte activation from the sperm perinuclear matrix. Developmental Biology, 274(2), 370-383. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2004.07.025
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Studies on Age and Growth of African Pike Hepsetus odoe in Ado Ekiti Reservoir |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Idowu E. O. |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-0837582 |
Abstract: Age and growth pattern of African pike Hepsetus odoe from Ado-Ekiti Reservoir, Nigeria, were studied from May 2002 – May 2005. Samples were collected from the landing centres of fishermen in the reservoir. Age and growth were determined from length frequency distribution using Pauly's Integrated Method. Regression coefficient (3.61) showed positive allometric growth of the species. Condition factor significantly correlated with fish weight (P ≤ 0.05, r = 0.60) and varied with season. Four distinct modes indicating the presence of four year classes at length 17.0cm, 21.8cm, 24.9cm and 27.3cm corresponding to age 0+, 1+, 2+sand 3+ respectively were observed. The asymptotic length (L) was 35.30cm with growth coefficient of 0.36 per year.
Keywords: Age, growth, Hepsetus odoe, Ado-Ekiti Reservoir
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[9]. E.O. Idowu and A.A.A. Ugwumba, Using Annuli on the Opercula Bones and Scales of African Pike (Hepsetus odoe) for Age Determination in Ado- Ekiti Reservior, Nigeria. Journal of Life Science 4, 7 (32) 2010, 34-38 (USA).
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Microbiological study of Candida sp in HIV-seropositive patients with a subclinical diagnosis of oral candid |
| Country | : | Brazil |
| Authors | : | Ana Laura Remédio Zeni Beretta*, Miriam de Magalhães Oliveira Levada, Celso Luis Levada, Lindsay Felippe Baltel, Florence Zumbaio Mistro |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-0838386 |
Abstract: Oral candidiasis is one of the opportunistic diseases most strongly associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Several epidemiological surveys have demonstrated the prevalence of candidiasis in HIV-positive patients and have emphasized its importance as a marker of disease progression and as a predictor of the increase in immunodepression. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the frequency of Candida sp in the oral cavity of HIV-positive patients with low CD4 T lymphocyte count and a subclinical diagnosis of oral candidiasis. Sixty patients routinely seen at the Dental Clinic between August and November 2006 participated in the study. C. albicans was the species most frequently isolated, followed by C. krusei and C. tropicalis. In conclusion, since candidiasis is a highly frequent oral disease in HIV-infected patients, the diagnosis of this infection is of the utmost importance for early treatment, improving the quality of life of these patients.
Key words: oral candidiasis; Candida albicans; AIDS, HIV infection
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Environmental health Effect and Air Pollution from cigarette smokers in Cross River State, Nigeria |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Obi, E. O., Osang, J. E., Ewona, I. O., Udoimuk A. B., Kamgba, F. A |
|
: | 10.9790/3008-0838794 |
Abstract: This study is aimed at assessing the cause of air pollution and Environmental health effect on people living in Cross River State using cigarette smokers as a case study. Data was gathered through a well designed and articulated oral and written questionnaires, direct and first-hand observation of the environment, and comprehensive interview sessions were carried out with community Heads (Royal Authorities where possible), patients and youths. A total of one hundred and seventeen thousand (117,000) questionnaires were randomly distributed evenly to men of about 20-75years old in all the Eighteen (18) Local Government Area in Cross River State. Eighty seven thousand, five hundred and thirty three (87,533) valid questionnaire were received back. Nine hundred (900) of the people reported that they do not smoke any cigarette. Table 1 shows the total number of people who smoke cigarette. Table 2a,b show the total number of patients with smoking related diseases. Most of these patients with smoking related diseases such as decrease in lung function, increase of heart attack, Respiratory diseases, cancer, asthma, and other health effects are having those disease conditions as a result of their smoking habits.
Keyword: Cross River State, Cigarette smokers,Air Pollution, and Environmental health effect.
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