iosr-jpte   Volume-10 ~ Issue-6 ~ Nov. – Dec. 2023

Abstract: Indonesia is one of the most important rice producers in the world with 15 million tons of rice husks that have not been optimized for use. Generally, rice husk has a silica content of up to 90-98%. Silica is a halogen-free material that acts as a barrier to prevent heat and mass transfer in the combustion zone. Silica is a compound that has non-toxic and formaldehyde-free flame retardant properties, making it more environmentally friendly. This study aims to develop a flame retardant improvement method using nanobiosilica from rice husk waste and to obtain flame retardant ramie fabric because ramie fiber is a sustainable fiber because of its ecological cultivation process. In this study, ramie fabric was modified using nanobiosilica from rice husk waste with a variation of concentration of 10% and 20% and the amount........

Keywords: Flame retardant, Layer-by-layer, Nanobiosilica, Ramie fabric

Abstract: One of the most dangerous threats to the environment is the increasing use of polythene bags. These polythene bags have become a thread to the environment. In the study a comparison has been made between polythene bags and environmentally friendly in terms of their physical, chemical and decomposition properties, their advantages and disadvantages and their price. The result shows that polythene bags have good resistance against water, acid, alkali, sunlight. They are cheaper and more durable then the environmentally friendly bags but are non-biodegradable. On the other hand, environmental friendly bags are biodegradable and reusable but show limitation for liquid material carriage.

Keywords: Ecofriendly, Packaging bags, Ploythene, Testing, Process