Version-1 (Jan. – Feb. 2015)
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Self-Cleaning Finish on Cotton Textile Using Sol-Gel Derived Tio2 Nano Finish |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Dr.B.Senthil kumar |
Abstract:TiO2 Nano Particles have been synthesized using titanium tetrachloride as precursor through Sol-gel technique. The characterization of synthesized particles was done in XRD and FTIR analysis. It is revealed from XRD and FTIT spectroscopy that the TiO2 nano particle formation. Subsequently the synthesized particles were applied on the Cotton textile plan woven fabrics using pad patch method using 1 wt% of acrylic binder. While coating three different contraction of TiO2 Nano particles were maintained. The self cleaning action of nano coated fabric has been quantified by measuring photo catalytic degradation of stain due to visible light irradiation. %of Decrease in K/S value is increased with respect to increase in TiO2 concentration as well as duration of visible light irradiation.
Keywords: TiO2 Nano particls, Self-cleaning property, Nano-Sol, Photocatalysis
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[2]. A.P.S.Sawhney1 and B. Condon, K.V. Singh, S.S. Pang and G. Li ,"Application of nano technology in Textiles", Textile Research Journal,2008, Vol 78(8) 731-739 DOt 10.1177/0040517508091066.
[3]. Beringer, J., and Hofer, D.(2004), Melliand Jut., 10, 295.
[4]. Chen Xiaobo and Mao Samuel S., 2007, Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, Modifications, and Applications, Chem. Rev., 107 (7), pp.2891-2959
[5]. Coleman HM; Marquis CP; Scott JA; Chin S-S; Amal R, (2005), ' Bactericidal effects of titanium dioxide-based photocatalysts', Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 113, no. 1, 55 – 63.
[6]. Daoud and J.H. Xin, (2004).Nucleation and Growth of Anatase Crystallites on Cotton Fabrics at Low Temperatures", J. Amer. Ceram. Soc., 87 (5), 953-955.
[7]. DastjerdiRoya and MontazerMajid, (2010), A review on the application of inorganic nano-structured materials in the modification of textiles: Focus on anti-microbial properties, Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces,79, pp. 5-18.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | In-vivo anthelmintic evaluation of a processed herbal drug from Entada leptostachya (Harms) and Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) (DC) against gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep |
| Country | : | Kenya |
| Authors | : | Jackson Mutembei || Patrick Kareru || Francis Njonge || Githira Peter || Hellen Kutima || Joseph Karanja || David Kimani |
Abstract:In vivo anthelmintic activity of a herbal drug processed through spray-drying from Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC) and Entada leptostachya (Harms) against gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep is described and reported for the first time in this work. Maximum percent egg count reduction (%ECR) of 80.95% in egg per gram of faeces (EPG) on day 11 post-treatment (PT) was recorded in sheep treated with a dose of 250 mg/kg b.w. of the herbal drug mixture. This was followed by a reduction (P≤0.05) of the same dose treatment (59.80%) on day 8 PT. The positive control exhibited the highest egg count reduction (P˂0.01) with an EPG of 88.31% on day 14 PT (P≤0.05).
[1]. C. T. C. Costa, C. M. L. Bevilaqua, M. V. Maciel, A. L. F. Camurca-Vasconcelos, S. M. Morais, M.V. B. Monteiro, V. M.Farias, M. V. da Silva, and M. M. C. Souza, Anthelmintic activity of Azadirachta indica A. Juss against sheep gastrointestinal nematodes, Veterinary Parasitology, 137, 2006, 306–310.
[2]. A. Jabbar, A. M. Zamana, Z.,Iqbal, M. Yaseen, and A. Shamima, Anthelmintic activity of Chenopodium album (L.) and Caesalpinia crista (L.) against trichostrongylid nematodes of sheep, Journal of Ethno pharmacology 114, 2007, 86–91.
[3]. R. Artho, M. Schnyder, L. Kohler, P. R. Torgerson, and H. Hertzberg, Avermectin resistance in gastrointestinal nematodes of Boer goats and Dorper sheep in Switzerland, Veterinary Parasitology 144, 2007, 64–73.
[4]. M. J. Behnke, J. D. Buttle, G. Stepek, A.Lowe, and R. I. Duce, Developing novel anthelmintics from plant cysteine proteinases, Parasites and Vectors, 1, 2008, 29.
[5]. E. S. Bizimenyera, J. B. Githiori, J. N. Eloff, and G. E. Swan, In vitro activity of Peltophorum africanum Sond (Fabaceae) extracts on the egg hatching and larval development of the parasitic nematode Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Veterinary Parasitolology, 142, 2006, 336–343.
[6]. J. B. Githiori, Evaluation of anthelmintic properties of ethno-veterinary plants preparations used as livestock dewormers by pastoralists and small holder farmers in Kenya, doctoral diss.,Thesis, Swedish University of Agriculture Science, Uppsala, Sweden, 2004.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Studies of transition metal ion - 5- Sulphosalicylic acid doped Polyanilines |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | N. Muneeswaran |
Abstract: Metal ion-5-sulphosalicylic acid (5-SSA) complexes were used as dopant for Emeraldine base to prepare high spin polyaniline metal composites.The so prepared emeraldine salts were characterized by FT-IR, magnetic susceptibility, conductivity, X-ray diffraction(XRD) and Surface electron microscopy (SEM) studies in order to understand the influence of functionalized dopants on the physico-chemical properties of polyaniline. The conductivity was increased on increasing the concentration of metal ion complexes. Magnetic measurements showed a negative magnetic susceptibility (χg) value for 5-sulphosalicylic acid doped polyaniline while positive magnetic susceptibility (χg) values were found for the transition metal ion doped polyanilines. XRD study showed that the polymers are in amorphous state and it contained metal ions. Surface electron microscope analysis showed that the morphological structure of the doped polyaniline had small grain particles with particle sizes varied from 10 – 500μms.
Key words: polyaniline;metal ions; 5- Suphosalicylic acid; d.c-magnetic susceptibility; d.c-conductivity;FT-IR; SEM studies.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Effect of High Temperature Curative and Moulding Temperatures on Tensile and Thermal Properties of Engineering Thermoplastic Abs/Modified Kenaf Fibre (Kf) Composites |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Saliu, Hafsat R. || Ishiaku, U.S. || Yakubu, M.K. || Kolawole, E.G. || Adefila, S.S. || Abu Bakar, M.B. || Moh‟d Ishak, Z.A. |
Abstract: This work is aimed at incorporating natural bast fibre, kenaf into engineering thermoplastic ABS at its high melting temperature of 230oC, without degradation of the fibre. The idea was carried out by pre-coating the fibre with 40% thermoset which was later cured at high temperature in Haake internal mixer where compounding took place with ABS. Poly (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) (ABS) is a known popular engineering thermoplastic for its unique properties which include its excellent mechanical response, good processing characteristics, chemical resistance and fine surface appearance. ABS composites reinforced with modified kenaf fibres have resulted into increased tensile properties up to the optimum level of the curative loading as it improved the thermal stabilities of the fibres in the composites. The moulding temperatures have also affected the tensile properties significantly.
Keywords: ABS; Thermoset; Kenaf fibre; Curative; Moulding temperature.
[1]. Abdullah, A.H.; Khalina, A. & Ali, A. (2011). Effects of fibre volume fraction on unidirectional kenaf/epoxy composites: The transition region. Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng. 50 (1), 1362–1366.
[2]. Aji, I. S.; Sapuan, S.M.; Zainuddin, E.S. & Abdan K. (2009) "Kenaf fibres as reinforcement for polymeric composites: a review". International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering (IJMME), 4 (3): 239-248.
[3]. Ashori, A. & Raverty, A. (2007). Printability of sized kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) papers. Polym.-Plast. Technol. Eng. 46 (7): 683–687.
[4]. Bisanda E. and Ansell M. (1992). Properties of sisal–CNSL composites. J Mater Sci 27; 690–700.
[5]. Bledzki, A.K. and Gassan, J. (1999). Composites reinforced with cellulose based fibres. Progress in Polymer Science, 24; 221 – 274.
[6]. Bogoeva-Gaceva, G.; Avella, M.; Malinconico, M.; Buzarovska, A.; Grozdannov, A.; Gentile, G. & Errico, M.E. (2007). Natural Fibre Eco-composites, Polymer Composites 28(1), 98 – 107.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Use of Polyvinylindene Fluoride (PVDF) and Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) In Structural Health Monitoring |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | B M Dauda || P K Onoja |
Abstract: Smart composite systems have been developed to sense and actuate vibration of braided composite cantilever beams using surface laminated and embedded Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) and Polyvinylindene fluoride (PVDF). Three test specimens of the cantilevered beams were constructed with surface mounted PZT coupons have discreet, distributed and edge delaminations. A fourth set of composite samples were produced having PVDF films integrally woven into the preform. Results obtained showed the effectiveness of the PZT structures in measurement and actuation of vibration of the host structure. The nature of delamination between the PZT and host structure also affects vibration sensing and actuation. The PVDF composites were very effective in vibration sensing, however, they could actuate vibration within the host structure.
[1]. Bailey T and Hubbard J E, (1985). Distributed piezoelectric polymer active vibration control of a cantilevered beam, AIAA J. of Guidance, Control and Dynamics, 5: 605-611.
[2]. Baz A and Poh S (1988). Performance of an active control system with piezoelectric actuators, J of Sound and Vibration, 2: 126-137.
[3]. Bent AA (1997) "Active Fiber Composites for Structural Actuation" PhD dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, U S A.
[4]. Cannon B J and Brei D (2000). "Feasibility Study of Microfabrication by Co-extrusion (MFCX) Hollow fibres for Active Composites", Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 11: 659-670.
[5]. Chattopadhyay A, Dragomir-Daescu D and Gu H (1999). Dynamics of delaminated smart composite cross-ply beams, Smart Materials & Structure J. 8: 92-99.
[6]. Crawley E F and de-Luis J (1987). Use of piezoelectric actuators as elements of intelligent structures, AIAA Journal, 25: 10-21.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Scope for Artificial Neural Network in Textiles |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | C. S. Sentthil Kumar || Dr. M. Dhinakaran |
Abstract: The artificial neural network (ANN) is increasingly used as a powerful tool for many real world problems. ANN has proved its usefulness for resolving many problems in textiles such as prediction of yarn properties, analysis of fabric defects, process optimization etc. The power of neural networks lies in their ability to represent complex relationships and learn them directly from the data being modeled. The prediction of properties or performance of a process in advance is required to minimize the setup cost and time. The ability to predict these properties accurately has become a challenge due to highly non-linear and interactive behaviour of textile materials. This paper presents basics of ANN and its applications in different textile domains.
Keywords: Back propagation, Cotton grading, Fabric engineering, Image processing, Multilayer feed forward network
[1]. Haykin Simon, "Neural Networks- A comprehensive Foundation", 2nd edition, Prentice Hall Of India Pvt. Ltd., (2006), pg 2, 21.
[2]. B. Yegnanarayana, "Artificial neural networks", 5th edition, Prentice hall of India Pvt. Ltd., Sep. (2007), pg 24,118.
[3]. M. Ananda Rao and J. Srinivas, "Neural networks- algorithms and applications", 2nd edition, Narosa Publishing House, (2005), pg 17-31.
[4]. S. Mukhopadhay and Q. Siddiquae, "Artificial neural networks and their use in textile technology", Asian Textile Journal, Vol. 56, March, (2003), pg 72-77.
[5]. She F. H., Kong L. X., Nahavandi S. and Kouzani A. Z., "Intelligent animal fibre classification with artificial neural network", Textile Research Journal, Vol. 72, (7), (2002), 594-600.
[6]. Xu B., Su J., Dale D. S. and Watson M. D., "Cotton colour grading with neuron networks", Textile Research Journal, Vol. 70, (2000), 430-436.
[7]. Y. C. Zeng, K. T. Wang and C. W. Yu, "Predicting the tensile properties of air-jet spun yarns", Textile Research Journal, Vol. 74, (6), Aug. (2004), 689-694.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Study of Effect of Rotor Speed, Combing-Roll Speed and Type of Recycled Waste on Rotor Yarn Quality Using Response Surface Methodology |
| Country | : | Bangladesh |
| Authors | : | Md. Khalilur Rahman Khan || Habibur Rahman |
Abstract: A three factors, three level for two factors, i.e. combing roll speed and rotor speed and pneumafil percentage as a categorical factor, face centered central composite design (CCD) was used and response surface methodology was applied to determine the interactions of selected independent variables on rotor spun yarn quality prepared by using 100% recycled spinning waste. The influence of these three independent variables on the four dependent responses, i.e. total imperfections, yarn CSP value, elongation% and end breakage rate was evaluated. Results indicate that rotor speed 85000 rpm and combing roll speed 8500 rpm gives best result in terms of yarn CSP value and elongation% of 16 Ne rotor spun yarn produced from 100% recycled spinning waste. Ends breakage increased drastically at increasing rotor speed and combing roll speed but it can be minimized by using pneumafil in recycled fiber mixing. In addition, yarn quality can be improved up to 5-25% by using 15% pneumafil instead of comber noil for any level of rotor speed and combing-roll speed.
Keywords: combing-roll speed, recycled waste, response surface methodology, rotor speed, rotor spun yarn.
[1]. A. R. Nityanand, "Waste investigation and control for a spinning mill", The Indian Textile Journal, September (1984) Pp.79-86.
[2]. Halimi Mohamed Taher, Ph.D., AzzouzBechir, Ph.D., "Ben Hassen Mohamed, Sakli Faouzi, Influence of Spinning Parameters and Recovered Fibers from Cotton Waste on the Uniformity and Hairiness of Rotor Spun Yarn", Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics, Volume 4, Issue 3 – 2009,pp-36-44 [3]. I. Hanafy, "Fabric from cotton waste", The Indian Textile Journal, pp. 16–18, 1997. [4]. Mohsen Shanbeh, Hossein Hasani, and Somayeh Akhavan Tabatabaei, "Modeling and Predicting the Breaking Strength and Mass Irregularity of Cotton Rotor-Spun Yarns Containing Cotton Fiber Recovered from Ginning Process by Using Artificial Neural Network Algorithm", Modeling and Simulation in Engineering, Volume 2011 (2011), Article ID 591905, Hindawi Publishing Corporation.
[5]. Youjiang Wang (Ed.), Recycling in textile, Page: 07 (Published by Woodhead Publishing Limited in association with the Textile Institute, CRC press, LLC.)