iosr-JEEE   Volume-11 ~ Issue-3 ~ May-June 2016

Abstract: As human is progressing various technological changes are being adopted in societies resulting in rapid industrialization. People are moving towards cities leaving behind countryside resulting in higher population there by large number of vehicles and hence number of theft and accidents is increasing. This project revolves around five main parameters. This project helps in detection of accident of the vehicle using accelerometer. It tracks the location of the place where accident took place. Location parameters such as longitude and latitude are obtained using GPS and sent via SMS using GSM.. It also deals with alcohol detection using an alcohol sensor...............
Key Words: GPS(Global Positioning System), GSM(Global System for Mobile communication),Microcontroller, Motor driver IC, 7805 voltage regulator Ic.

[1]. R. Monisha and Jessen Leo "Car authentication and accident intimation system using GPS and GSM", International journal of innovative research in computer and communication engineering. (An ISO 3297 : 2007 Certified organization) Vol.2, Special issue 1, March 2014.
[2]. Montaser N. Ramadan and M.A.AlKhedher "Intelligent Anti-Theft for Automobiles", International journal of Machine learning and computing, Vol.2, No.1, Feb 2012. www.ijmlc.org/papers/94-T043.pdf
[3]. KuldeepDasadiya and R. Nirmal "Vehicle Tracking and Locking System", International journal of engineering research and advanced development.Volume 1, Issue 2, Paper ID: A00101V1I22015| May 2015. http://www.ijerad.in
[4]. Jacob Millman& Christos C. Halkias, "Integrated Electronics: Analog and Digital Circuits and System", by TMH ,2nd Edition ,46th reprint 2008.

Abstract: The accuracy in fault detection and location is always a challenge for a power system engineer. The current differential protection has the highest reliability among all types of protection scheme, but it is not being used for transmission line protection because of certain problems such as CT ratio mismatch, pilot wire length, tap changing transformer etc. This paper describes the details about the synchrophasor technology which uses the GPS based time synchronization having the accuracy of the order of 1μs.............
Key Words: current differential protection, charging current compensation,synchrophasor.

[1]. Yuan R., Chen D., Yin X., Zhang Z., Ma T., Chen W.: "Principle and property investigation of the transient current differential protection based on correlation analysis‟. Presented at the IEEE Int. Conf. Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting, 2000, pp. 1945–1949
[2]. Ito H., Shuto I., Ayakawa H., Beaumont P., Okuno K.: "Development of an improved multifunction high speed operating current differential relay for transmission line protection‟. Presented at the 7th IEE Int. Conf. Developments in Power System Protection, April 2001, pp. 511–514
[3]. Z. Yining S. Jiale, "Phaselet-based current differential protection scheme based on transient Capacitive current compensation" IET Generation, Transmission, Distribution, 2008, Vol. 2, No. 4, pp. 469–477/469 doi: 10.1049/iet-gtd: 2007.0494.
[4]. Jiale S., Xiaoning K., Guobing S., Zaibin J., Baoji Y.: "Survey on relay protection using parameter identification‟, Proc. CSUEPSA, 2007, 19, (1), pp. 14–20
[5]. Book: P. Kundur, "Power System Stability and Control", Tata McGraw-Hill Publication, 5th reprint 2008.

Abstract: : In the field of medical resonance image processing the image segmentation is an important and challenging problem in an image analysis. The main purpose is to diagnose the problems in the normal brain anatomy and to find the location of tumour. Many of the algorithms have been found in recent years which aid to segment the medical images and identify the diseases. This paper aims to compare previous algorithms for image segmentation and also identifies the better algorithm to extract the MRI brain image for further processing. Three types of MRI images are produced for brains which are based on proton density (PD), longitudinal relaxation time (T1) and transverse relaxation time (T2)...............
Key Words: segmentation; clustering; k-means clustering; fuzzy c means clustering; mean shift; canny edge detection; BEA; brain extraction algorithm.

[1]. Ajala Funmilola A, Oke O.A, Adedeji T.O, Alade O.M, Adewusi E.A, ― Fuzzy k-c-means Clustering Algorithm for Medical Image Segmentation‖, Journal of Information Engineering and Applications, ISSN 2224-5782 (print) ISSN 2225-0506 (online) Vol 2, No.6, 2012.
[2]. Benjamin James Bush, ― Fuzzy Clustering Techniques: Fuzzy C-Means and Fuzzy Min-Max Clustering Neural Networks‖, SSIE 617 Term Paper, Fall 2012.
[3]. Badredine Sayah, Bornia Tighiouart, ―Brain tumour segmentation in MRI: knowledge-based system and region growing approach, ‖, Internatinal journal of signal and imaging systems engineering, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 65-74, 2014.
[4]. Comaniciu, D.; Meer, P., "Mean shift: a robust approach toward feature space analysis," Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, IEEE Transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence, vol.24, no.5, pp.603-619, May 2002.
[5]. Cedric Wemmert, Anne Puissant, Germain Forestier, and Pierre Gancarski, "Multiresolution Remote Sensing Image Clustering," IEEE Geoscience And Remote Sensing Letters, vol. 6, no. 3,pp. 533-537, July 2009.

Abstract: : The main objective of this paper is to calculate the electric field and the magnetic field under high voltage transmission lines. The magnetic fields are produced whenever there is flow of electrons or whenever the electrical equipment is in use. The electric field is produced due to the presence of voltage. The electric field will exist no matter whether the equipment is in use or not. The transmission lines are considered as one of the primary source of these fields in the environment...............
Key Words: Electric field, High voltage transmission line, Magnetic field, Matlab, Safer operating practices. .

[1]. Induced voltage and current report – Review of public hazards associated with high voltage transmission lines by Golder Associates
Inc.9 Monroe Parkway, Suite 270 Lake Oswego, OR 97035 USA.
[2]. Abdel-Salam H.A. Hamza, Shaher A. Mohmoud, Samy M. Ghania, Environmental pollution by magnetic field associated with
power transmission lines, Energy Conversion and Management 43 (2002) 2443–2452.
[3]. Adel Z. El Dein, Calculation of the Electric field around the tower of the overhead transmission Lines, IEEE Transactions on Power
Delivery, Vol. 29, No. 2, April 2014.
[4]. J. R. Stewart, et al., Magnetic Fields from Electric Power Lines: Theory and Comparison to Measurement, IEEE Transactions on
Power Delivery, Vol. 3, pp. 2127-2136, April 1993.
[5]. Haubrich H-J, Magnetic field in the vicinity of three phase power lines. Elektrizita¨tswirtschaft 1974; 73:511–517 (in German).

Abstract: : The present study examined a Bandgap voltage references (BGRs) with CMOS 0.18 μm technology by using Cadence software. Bandgap voltage references (BGRs) are essential blocks in most analog systems. BGRs are independent of process, independent of supply voltage and independent of temperature. Dependent temperature is the important challenge in BGRs. There are different approaches for design BGRs. One efficient method is using opamp in configuration of BGRs. In this work we utilized an opamp in configuration of BGR by using CMOS 0.18 μm with low supply voltage 1.1v. The results indicated temperature coefficient 540 PPM in range 0 to 100 Co.
Key Words: Bandgap Reference; CMOS 0.18; Opamp; Cadence software

[1] A. Boni, "Op-Amps and Startup Circuits for CMOS Bandgap References with Near 1-V Supply," IEEE J. of Solid-State Circ., vol. 37, pp. 1339-1343, Oct. 2002.
[2] H. Banba et al., "A CMOS Bandgap Reference Circuit with Sub-1-V Operation," IEEE J. of Solid-State Circ., vol. 34, pp. 670-674, May, 1999.
[3] A. Annema, "Low-Power Bandgap References Featuring DTMOSTs," IEEE J. of Solid-State Circ., vol. 34, pp. 949-955, Jul. 1999.
[4] H. Hung et al., "A 1V 16.9ppm/oC 250nA Switched-Capacitor CMOS Voltage Reference," ISSCC 2008 Dig. of Tech. Papers, pp. 438-439.
[5] K. Leung and P. Mok, "A Sub-1-V 15-ppm/oC CMOS Bandgap Voltage Reference without Requiring Low Threshold Voltage Device," IEEE J. of Solid-State Circ., vol. 37, pp. 526-530, Apr. 2002.

Abstract: : In applications of grid connected power converter, phase tracking is vital. An enhanced phase locked loop can be used to obtain magnitude and phase information of a positive sequence fundamental component of grid voltage. This paper presents the design; simulation and analysis of first and second order adaptive notch filter enhanced phase locked loop. The analysis of the phase tracking of enhanced phase locked loop has been done when the input signal is under normal operation condition or has disturbances..............
Key Words: adaptive notch filter, enhanced phase looked loop, nonlinear filter, phase locked loop, second order ANF .

[1] F. Blaabjerg, Z. Chen and S. B. Kjaer, Power Electronics as Efficient Interface in Dispersed Power Generation Systems, Transactions on Power Electronics 19(5), 2004,1184-1194
[2] K. T. Tan, P. L. So and Y. C. Chu, Control of parallel inverter-interfaced distributed generation systems in microgrid for islanded operation, 2010 IEEE 11th International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems (PMAPS), Singapore, 2010,1-5
[3] M. Karimi-Ghatemani and M. R.Iravani, A Method for Synchronization of Power Electronic Converters in Polluted and Variable-Frequency Environments, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 19(3), 2004, 1263-1270
[4] J. W. Choi, Y. K. Kim and H. G. Kim, Digital PLL control for single-phase photovoltaic system, IEE Proceedings - Electric Power Applications 153(1), 2006, 40 – 46

Abstract: : Energy is required for a wide range of applications such as transportation, industrial, residential, agricultural and office applications. The energy requirement of the world is ever increasing. The increasing energy demands pose a lot of demand on the conventional energy sources like oil, gas, and coal. But the energy sources are limited in quantity and cause environmental pollution. Therefore, there is a need for alternative energy sources which can supply us energy in a sustainable manner.............
Key Words: Solar radiation( global , beam and diffuse radiation), horizontal and tilted surface ,monthly average.

[1]. Appelbaum, J., "Photovoltaics: Present and Future, a seminar Series", Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium, November 2001.
[2]. Collares - Pereia, M, and Rabl, A., "The Average Distribution of Solar Radiation: Correlations between Diffuse and Hemispherical and between Daily and Hourly Insolation-values", Solar Energy, vol.22, p.155, 1979.
[3]. Modi, V. and Sukhatme, S.P.,"Estimation of Daily Total and Diffuse Insolation in India from Weather Data", Solar Energy, vol.22, p .407, 1979.
[4]. Solar Photovoltaics 2nd edition by Chetan Singh Solanki, IIT Bombay, PHI Publications.
[5]. M.Chikh1*, A. Mahrane1, M. Haddadi2 "Modeling the diffuse part of the global solar Radiation" in Algeria. Energy Procedia 18 (2012) 1068 – 1075

Abstract: : Among the various Pulse Width Modulation techniques(PWM),Hysteresis Current Control (HCC)is widely used due to its simplicity in implementation ,excellent dynamic response and low cost. But ,the variable switching frequency of this technique leads to switching losses and switching noise .To overcome this problem,Adaptive Hysteresis Current Control(AHCC) can be implemented which builds a variable hysteresis band width which is calculated instantaneously..............
Key Words: HCC, FBHCC,AHCC, (P-Q)theorem

[1]. W.M. Grady, M.J. Samotyj, A.H. Noyola, Survey Of Active Power Line Conditioning Methodologies, IEEE Trans. Power Delivery 5 (3) (1990) 1536–1542.
[2]. H. Akagi, New Trends In Active Filter For Improving Power Quality, In: Proceedings Of The 1996 International Conference On Power Electronics, Drives And Energy System For Industrial Growth.
[3]. J. Holtz, PulsewidthModulation For Electronic Power Conversion, Proc. IEEE 82 (8) (1994) 1194–1214.
[4]. Buso, S. Et. Al. "A Dead-Beat Adaptive Hysteresis Current Control, " IEEE Transaction On Industry Appliances, Vol. 36, Pp.1174-1180, July- Aug. 2000
[5]. Anita Choudhary1 .A Study Of Hysteresis Band Current Control Scheme For Shunt Active Power Filter Used For Harmonics Mitigation , (IJARCET), Volume 4 Issue 6, June 2015

Abstract: :Since the combustion system of coal-fired boiler in thermal power plant is characterized as time varying, strongly coupled, and nonlinear, it is hard to achieve a satisfactory performance by the conventional proportional integral derivative (PID) control scheme. For the characteristics of the main steam pressure in coal-fired power plant boiler, the sliding mode control system with Smith predictive structure is proposed to look for performance and robustness improvement............
Key Words: coal fired power plant boiler, combustion system, main steam pressure, sliding mode control, Smith predictor, internal model control

[1]. Havlena, V.R., Findejs, J., "Application of model predictive control to advanced combustion control", Control Engineering Practice., 13 (6), 671-680 (2005).
[2]. Flynn, D., Thermal Power Plant Simulation and Control, IEE, London (2003).
[3]. Zhang, J., Wu, X., "Predictive functional control simulation of boiler combustion control system", In:Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Mechanic Automation and Control Engineering, Lu,
X.P., Wang, Z.H., eds., IEEE, Hohhot, China, 529-532 (2011).
[4]. Chen, H.G., Xie, K.C., "Combustion and NOX emission behavior of Chinese coals", Chin. J. Chem Eng., 10 (3), 333-338 (2002).
[5]. Chen, J.H., Huang, T.C, "Applying neural networks to on-line updated PID controller for nonlinear process control", Journal of Process Control, 14 (2), 211-230 (2004).

Abstract: : The disturbance of the sensitive measurement and the control equipment by Electromagnetic field is a central problem in electromagnetic compatibility, removal or reduction of such a disturbance is achieved by Electromagnetic Shielding sheets. Electromagnetic shields play a very significant role in the modern power and electrical industry. Efficient shields are also used in medicine, physics, and when making high-sensitivity electric and magnetic measurements to shield them from electromagnetic interference. In this paper an optimization method based on improved Particle Swarm Optimization (IPSO) algorithm for design of Bi layer perforated Electromagnetic Shield has been proposed..............
Key Words: EMI/EMC; Electromagnetic Shield; Shielding effectiveness (SE); Improved Particle Swarm optimization Algorithm (IPSO),

[1]. L.H. Hemming, Architectural Electromagnetic Shielding Hand book: A Design and Specification Guide, IEEE Press, New
York,1992.
[2]. DDL. Chung, "Materials for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding ,"Journal of Materials Engineering and performance, Vol. 9(3),
June 2000, pp.350- 354.
[3]. Bernhard Kieser, "Principle of Electromagnetic compatibility Artech House, 1987.

[4]. Oren Hartal, "Electromagnetic Compatibility by design" https://books.google.co.in/books? id=eYVStwAACAAJ , 2002.
[5]. G. Antonini and A. Orlandi, "Optimal electromagnetic shielding design considering multiple constraints," Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2000. IEEE International Symposium on, Washington, DC, 2000, pp. 711-716 vol.2.

Abstract: : The present day metropolitan areas have seen a burgeoning growth in human population as well as vehicles. With shrinking spaces, operating a managed, busy & expensive parking lot having multiple gates can pose significant challenges, especially to a government organization that also owns some of the vehicles in the lot. In this paper, a solution has been provided for the problems encountered in parking lot management systems via RFID readers, RFID labels, computers, barriers and software are used as for the main component of the RFID technology.............
Key Words: RFID card, RFID modle, L293D motor driver, IR Pair.,

[1]. Bal, E., 2007. An Rfid Application ForThe Disabled: Path Finder, 1st RFID Eurasia Conference, 5-6 September 2007, Istanbul,Turkey.
[2]. Budak, E., Çatay, B., Tekin, İ., Yenigün, H., Abbak, M., 2007. Design of an RFID-based manufacturing, monitoring and analysis system, 1st RFID Eurasia Conference, 5-6 September 2007, Istanbul, Turkey.
[3]. Brewer, A., Landers, T., Radio frequency identification: a survey and asseement of the technology, University of Arkansas, Department of Industrial Engineering Technical Report, 1997.
[4]. Chandramouli, R., Grance, T., Kuhn, R., Landau, S., 2005.Security Standards for the RFID Market, IEEE Privacy and Security, November- December 2005, pp. 85-89.

Abstract: : In this paper design of microstrip patch antennas is proposed at 8.5 GHz. It can be utilized in WiMAX communication systems. The aim of this paper is to analyze, design and validate microstrip patch antenna. The substrate material Roger R04003C (DK=3.38 + - 0.05) is selected for microstrip patch antenna design. The Advanced Design System based model is proposed to measure gain ,directivity ,EM far field cut , absolutr field ,linear polarization ,circular polarization and radiation patter.........

[1]. Pozar D.M., and Schaubert D.H, Microstrip Antennas, the Analysis and design of Microstrip Antennas and Arrays, IEEE Press, New York, USA, 1995.
[2]. T.Huynh and K.F.Lee , " Single-layer Single-patch wideband microstrip antenna," Electronics Letters , 31, 16 ,pp. 101312,1995.
[3]. Dheeraj Bhardwaj, D. Bhatnagar, S. SanchetiBrijesh Soni, "Radiations from double notched rectangular patch antenna on FR4 substrate"Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications, Vol. 7, No.2, December 2008. Letters, 31, 16, pp. 13101312, 1995.
[4]. Rezaul Azim, M. Tariqul Islam, Norbahiah Misran, S. W. Cheung, and Y. Yamada "Planar UWB antenna with multi slotted ground plane," Microwave and opt. tech. letters Vol. 53, No. 5,May 2011.
[5]. R. Azim, M.T. Islam, N. Misran, S.W. Cheung, and Y. Yamada. "Planar UWB antenna with multi slotted ground plane". Microwave Opt Tech Lett, 2011, 53, pp.966–968.

Abstract: : The wireless sensor network application is proposed to monitor the carbon monoxide level, temperature, absolute pressure, relative humidity and light intensity in indoor spaces. This monitoring system consists of wireless sensor nodes, base station, global system for mobile communication (GSM) wireless transmission module and local monitoring PC..............
Key Words: Global system for mobile communication (GSM), Home Monitoring, Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Wireless Sensor Network, ZigBee.

[1] Folea, S.C; Mois, G., "A Low-Power Wireless Sensor for Online Ambient Monitoirng," Sensors Journal, IEEE, vol.15, no.2,pp.742,749,Feb.2015doi:10.1109/jSEN.2014.2351420
[2] United States Environmental Protection Agency. (1991). "Indoor air facts no. 4 (revised) sick building syndrome," Air and Radiation (6609J), Research and Development (MD-56), Tech.Rep.[Online].available:http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pdfs/sick_building_factsheet.pdf
[3] CO.(2011)[Online].available:http://www.gasheating.co.uk/CarbonMonoxide.html
[4] I.F.Akyildiz, W.Su, Y.Sankarasubramaniam, and E. ayirci, "Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey," IEEE communication Magazine, vol.40.Issue:8.pp.102-114, August 2002

Abstract: : This paper proposes a high performance dual-stage inverter topology for the autonomous operation of a solar photovoltaic system. In remote areas mainly in hill stations, the electric pole cannot be inserted which makes the electrification too difficult. In order to rectify the problem of electrification in such areas, we have to implement solar power plant. The main aim of this paper is to evolve the promising solution to provide electricity where grid is not available.............
Key Words: Maximum power point tracking ( MPPT), photo voltaic, Renewable energy sources(RESs)

[1] Alajmi,B.N.,Ahmed,K.H.,Finney,S.J. and Williams,B.W. (2013) "A maximum power point tracking technique for partially shaded photovoltaic systems in microgrids‟, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 60, no. 4, pp. 1596–1606.
[2] Bergveld,H.J.(2013) "Module-level dc/dc conversion for photovoltaic systems: The delta-conversion concept‟, IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 2005–2013.
[3] Chattopadhyay,R. and Chatterjee,K. (2012) "PV based stand alone single phase power generating unit‟, in Proc. IEEE IECON, pp. 1138–1144.
[4] Chen,Y.M.,Huang,A.Q. and Xunwei,Y. (2013) "A high step-up three-port dc-dc converter for stand-alone PV/battery power systems‟, IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 28, no. 11, pp. 5049–5062.

Abstract: : A microgrid comprises of multiple distributed generators (DGs) and typically operates in parallel with this main grid. In certain cases this operation might fail and a microgrid may operate in an islanded mode. Synchronization occurs when such an islanded microgrid changes its operational mode back to grid connected operation by reconnection to the grid. Synchronizer used for synchronization of a single machine but a large microgrid which operates with multiple DGs and loads traditional synchronizer cannot be used to control it.............
Key Words: Active Synchronizing, Distributed Generators (DGs), Microgrid, Synchronization

[1]. R. H. Lasseter, ―MicroGrids,‖ in Proc. IEEE Power Eng. Soc. Winter Meeting, vol. 1, 305-308, Jan. 2002.
[2]. R. H. Lasseter, ―Extended CERTS microgrid,‖ in Proc. IEEE Power Energy Soc. General Meeting, pp. 1-5, Jul. 2008.
[3]. C. Marnay and G. Venkataramanan, ―Optimal technology selection and operation of commercial-building microgrids,‖ IEEE Trans.
Power Syst. vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 975–982, Aug. 2008.
[4]. M. Barnes, J. Kondoh, H. Asano, J. Oyarzabal, G. Ventakaramanan, R. Lasseter, N. Hatziargyriou, and T. Green, ―Real-world
MicroGrid: An overview,‖ in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Syst. Syst. Eng., Apr., 2007.

Abstract: : Through this paper, we are to familiarize the first notion of Optimized PV-Solar and Wind Hybrid Energy System. The goal of the paper is to generate electricity, then supplying it to the Community/Village, Excess electricity will supply to the battery. On behalf of the hybrid system climatological data on Solar radiation plus every 60 minute wind speed has collected from community/village (Latitude 13ᵒ0.4᾿N and Longitude 79ᵒ7.8'E) and over the learned configuration capacity of load intake of community/village and taught the plan of a paradigmatic model of community/village was optimized by using HOMER software. Since evaluating the size and to the get most feasible structure regard hybrid non-conventional energy system by using the hybrid optimization model for electric renewable (HOMER) software
Key Words: Hybrid Power System, Rural Electrification,Solar-wind turbine, sustainability of power supply, techno economically viable power

[1]. International Journal of Engineering Research and General Science Volume 2, Issue 3, April-May 2014ISSN 2091-2730 Mixing Wind Power Generation System with Energy Storage Equipments,Mohammad Ali Adelian1
1Research Scholar,Email-Ma_adelian@yahoo.com
[2]. Mohamed El Badawe¹, Tariq Iqbal and George K. I. Mann" Optimization And Modeling Of A Stand-Alone Wind/Pv Hybird Energy System" 2012 25th IEEE Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE) 2012 IEEE
[3]. Shahriar Ahmed Chowdhury1, Shakila Aziz2 "Solar-Diesel Hybrid Energy Model for Base Transceiver Station (BTS) of Mobile Phone Operators" Centre for Energy Research, United International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
[4]. Pragya Nema1, R.K. Nema2, Saroj Rangnekar1" PV-Solar / Wind Hybrid Energy System For GSM/CDMA Type Mobile Telephony Base Station" ISSN 2076-2895 (Print), ISSN 2076-2909 (Online) ©2010 International Energy & Environment Foundation. All rights reserved.

Abstract: : In this paper, various approaches of antenna and filter co-design are presented to reduce size, insertion loss and losses due to cable and connectors used for interconnecting both components. The new approach of interconnection gives larger Bandwidth and efficiency.
Key Words: Antenna, Co-design, Filter, Integration, RF front end

[1]. Chen, S., Zhao, Y., Peng, M., & Wang, Y. "A Codesigned compact dual band filtering antenna with PIN loaded for WLAN applications", International Journal of Antennas and Propagation , Artical ID 826171,6 pages,2014.
[2]. Ramprasad, J., & Jeyaprabha, T. " Design and Implementation of an integrated RF antenna filter co-design for UWB applications". International Journal of Modern Engineering Research , 2693-2694. 2012.
[3]. Zuo, J., Chen, X., Han, G., Li, L., & Zhang, W. "An Integrated Approach to RF Antenna Filter Co-Design".IEEE Antennas And Wireless Propagation Letters,Vol. 8,pp.141-144, 2009.
[4]. Wu, W.-J., Liu, Q.-f., Zhang, Q., & Deng, J.-Y. "Co-design of a compact dual band filter antenna for WLAN application". Progress in electromagnetics research letters Vol. 40, pp.129-139,2013

Abstract: : This work deals with, firstly, the estimation of the optimal production photovoltaic mini plants of 2KW for each one using three types of silicon technologies that are well known: monocrystalline, poly crystalline and amorphous silicon, in the region of Beni Melall, we used for that the software PVGIS, Tecsol.fr and Solargis. Secondly, a comparative study between the estimated and experimental results is done.

Keywords: renewable-energy, solar-energy, power production, photovoltaic, mono-crystalline, poly-crystalline, amorphous, simulation, PVGIS, Simulink,Tecsol.fr, Solargis

[1]. R.-J.Wai, W.-H. Wang, and C.-Y. Lin, "High-performance stand-alone Photovoltaic generation system," IEEE Trans. Ind.
Electron., vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 240–250, Jan. 2008.
[2]. www.futura-sciences.com/.../energie-renouvelable-potentiel-energetique.
[3]. www.solargis.info.
[4]. www.tecsol.fr
[5]. F. Bouchafaa, I. Hamzaoui and A. Hadjammar, "Fuzzy Logic Control for the Tracking of Maximum Power Point of a PV
System‟, Energy Procedia, 6, pp. 633 - 642, 2011.

Abstract: :Fiber optic systems have recently received a great deal of attention and they are used now as a preferred transmission medium in current communication systems because they offer great information carrying capacity over longer repeater less distances at costs lower than conventional copper-wire system. Any fiber optic communication system consists of three parts, transmitter, fiber optic cable and receiver. In this paper each part is implemented into computer program. Also in this paper we have discussed the recent developments in the field of fiber optic communications.
Key Words: Fiber optic, Transmitter, Receiver.

[1] Andrew S. Tanenbaum, "Computer Networks", 4th Edition, Prentice Hall PTR.
[2] F. C. Allard, "Fiber optics handbook: for engineers and scientists", McGraw-Hill.
[3] J. Senior, "Optical fiber communications: principles and practice", 3rd Edition, Prentice Hall PTR.
[4] O. Strobel and J. Lubkoll, "Fiber-Optic Communication-An Overview", 20th Int. Crimean Conference Microwave & Telecommunication Technology, 2010.
[5] "Fundamentals of Fiber Cable Management", ADC Telecommunications, Inc.

Abstract: At present condition in every country, the identification of owner of vehicle as well as traffic control
has becoming the major problem. The owner and vehicle identification becomes necessary to track the user
who violates the rules of traffic or driving too fast in more people's area. With the use of manual traffic control
process, it is highly impossible to track those owners those are breaking the traffic rules and punish them. Thus
to automate this process and catch the real owner of driven vehicle, we need to have computerized system
which can able to catch the current activities and able locate the license plate number using different image
processing techniques. This automated.......

Key Word: License Plate, License plate recognition, image acquisition, image preprocessing, character segmentation, character recognition.

[1]. Kim C.S.,.Park J.S, Ahn D., Lim J.B., "A Novel One Dimensional Periodic Defected Ground Structure For Planar Circuits," IEEE
Microwave And Guided Wave Letters, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp.131-133, 2000
[2]. D. Ahn, J.S.Park, C.S.Kim, Kim, Y Qian And T. Itoh, "A Design Of The Low pass Filter Using The Novel Microstrip Defected
Ground Structure," IEEE Trans. On Microwave Theory And Techniques, Vol. 49, No. 1, pp. 86-93, 2001
[3]. Lim J., Kim C., Lee Y., Ahn D.,Nam S., "Design of Low pass Filters Using Defected Ground Structure and compensated microstrip
Line," Electronics Letter, Vol. 38, No. 25, pp.1357-1358, 2002
[4]. Parui Kumar S., Das, S., "A New Defected Ground Structure For Different Microstrip Circuit Applications," Radio engineering,
Vol.16, No.1, pp.16-22, 2007
[5]. S. K.Parui, and S. Das, "A new Defected Ground Structure with elliptical response and it's application as low pass filter," Intern
Journal of Electronics and Communications (AEU), Elsevier, vol 63, pp.483-490, 2009

Abstract: In progress of a product, programming mistakes are unavoidable. For expectation of the
imperfections in a product, we need to create programming unwavering quality development models to
investigate the items and to anticipate them. A similar development model can't be utilized for all the
information. Subsequently different programming unwavering quality development models are utilized for which
the information is isolated into a few sections and distinctive development models are utilized for every datum
part. Later they are recombined. By consolidating all the conventional unwavering quality development models
we get a multistage dependability development model. At each stage, the best Software Reliability Growth
Model is to be applied. There are a few rules to assess the imperfections. The RSS proportion is utilized to
choose the best Reliability Growth Model. The......

Key words: Software reliability, Software Reliability Growth Models, Defects, RSS Ratio, probit model.

[1]. Jieming Chi" Defect Analysis and Prediction by applying multistage reliability growth Models s," Empirical software Engineering
in Practice (IWESEP), 8thInternational Workshop Mar-2017.
[2]. H. Akaike, "A new look at the statistical model identification," IEEE Trans AutomaticControl, vol19, no. 6 pp716 -723, 1974.
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Information Theory, Petrov, B.N., and Caski, F. (eds), Budapest: Akadimiai Kiado, pp.267-281, 1973.
[4]. A. Wood, "Software reliability growth models," Technical Report96.1, 1996, pp. 1.
[5]. A. Goel, "Software reliability models: Assumptions, limitations, and applicability," Software Engineering, IEEE Transactions
on, vol. SE11, no. 12, pp. 1411-143, Dec 1985.