iosr-JEEE   Volume-12 ~ Issue-5 ~ Sep-Oct 2017

Abstract: Six degrees of freedom (6DoF) means to the freedom of movement of a rigid body (like aircraft) in three-dimensional space. Specifically, the body is free to change position as forward/backward, up/down, left/right translation in three perpendicular axes, combined with changes in orientation through rotation about three perpendicular axes, often termed yaw (normal axis), pitch (lateral axis), and roll (longitudinal axis).The development of six degrees of freedom (6-DOF) aircraft model can be used to design the longitudinal autopilot for autonomous take off and landing. Airplane can move freely in three-dimensional space, with the two horizontal axes as X and Z while the vertical axis is Y. If it needs to face up or down, it needs to change the orientation.

[1]. C Kamali, A Pashilkar, Girish Deodhare and Amitabh Saraf, (2013) "Attitude estimation of high performance aircraft", GNC AIAA,
pp. 2013-4958, August 2013.
[2]. Cabecinhas, D., Silvestre, C., Rosa, P., and Cunha, R., (2007) "Path- Following Control for Coordinated Turn Aircraft Maneuvers,"
AIAA Guidance, Navigation and Control Conference and Exhibit, AIAA Paper 2007-6656, 2007.
[3]. G.A. Smith and G. Meyert, (1997) "Aircraft Automatic Flight Control System with Model Inversion," Vol. 10, No. 3, May-June
1997 J. Guidance.
[4]. J. Escareno, R. Stone, A. Sanchez and R. Lozano, (2007) "Modeling and control strategy for the transition of a convertible tail-sitter
UAV", Proceedings of the European Control Conference, pp. 3385-3390, Jul. 2007.
[5]. Johnson, E., Calise, A., and Corban, J.E., (2002) "A Six Degree-of-Freedom Adaptive Flight Control Architecture for Trajectory
Following", AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference and Exhibit, AIAA Paper 2002-4776, Aug. 2002.

Abstract: Fish farm and fish industries production has been growing steadily, being great food sources and nutrition in Brazil and others countries. Its development also leads to an increase in the organic solid wastes generation such as fish viscera, which, due to incorrect destination, result in environmental problems and other adversities. Therefore, it is pertinent to verify the feasibility of using fish viscera as a carbon source for biogas production and as biofertilizer, through anaerobic digestion process by the construction of a biodigester prototype aiming to produce organic fertilizer and biogas. Such gas can be used as an energy source for Stirling engine, as this type of engine can use this fuel as heat source for conversion into mechanical energy, and this type of engine have been more efficient than diesel and gasoline engines. In this way, biogas obtained from a biodigester with fish viscera and bovine............

Keywords: Biodigester, stirling engine, energy.

[1] HSU, S.T., LIN, F.Y., CHIOU, J.S. Heat-transfer aspects of Stirling power generation using incinerator waste energy. Renewable Energy, 28, pp. 59-69, 2003
[2] MORAN, M. J., SHAPIRO, H. N. Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics. John Wiley & Sons, 2000, 4th ed.
[3] CRUZ, V. G da. Desenvolvimento experimental de um motor Stirling tipo gama. Universidade Federal da Paraíba: João Pessoa, 2012.
[4] SANTOS, M. R. C. dos. Estudo de um sistema de cogeração com motor Stirling e concentrador solar. Relatório de projeto final em Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Mecânica. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. Jan, 2012.
[5] COSTA, J. M. S. Metodologia Simplificada para a Análise Termoeconômica de Sistemas de Cogeração como Motor Stirling. 149 p. Master diss. — Universidade do Minho, Escola de Engenharia, 2013

Abstract: In this paper, a modified SFCL with extended resistance values for reduce the fault currents magnitude in the grid system was proposed. With the expansion in the benchmark estimation of the SFCL, the current is additionally reduced when contrasted with ordinary SFCL. The decreased values are looked at in this paper which represents the effectiveness of the proposed SFCL. Because of micro grid association with the power network, extreme current is a significant issue, to be explained for effective execution of micro grids. In any case, a deficiency of research concerning the area of SFCL in grid is felt. In this work, a resistive sort SFCL demonstrate was actualized by utilizing Simulink in Matlab as a stage. The outlined SFCL model could be effectively used for deciding an impedance level of SFCL as indicated by fault current of different sorts of grid. Additionally, grid transmission and distribution with network was displayed to decide the areaand the performance of the SFCL. The SFCL is introduced in IEEE 6 bus system with fault at different locations and observe the difference of fault current.

Keywords: Matlab, Micro grid, SFCL (Superconducting Fault Current Limiter), Simulink, SimPowersystems.

[1]. Lin Ye, LiangZhen Lin and Klaus-Peter Juengst, "Application Studies of Superconducting Fault CurrentLimiters in Electric Power Systems", IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity,vol. 12, no. 1, MARCH 2002.
[2]. Lin Ye, M. Majoros, T. Coombs and A. M. Campbell, "System Studies of the Superconducting Fault Current Limiter in Electrical Distribution Grids", IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 17, no. 2, JUNE 2007.
[3]. ByungChul Sung, Dong Keun Park, Jung-Wook Park and Tae KukKo, "Study on a Series Resistive SFCL to Improve Power System Transient Stability: Modeling, Simulation and Experimental Verification", IEEE Transactions On Industrial Electronics, vol. 56, no. 7, JULY 2009.
[4]. L. Dessaint, K. Al-Haddad, H. Le-Huy, G. Sybille, and P. Brunelle, "A power system tool based on Simulink," IEEE Trans. Industrial Electron., vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1252–1254, Dec. 1999.
[5]. K. Maki, S. Repo, and P. Jarventausta, "Effect of wind power based distributed generation on protection of distribution network," in IEEE Developments in Power System Protection, Dec. 2004, vol. 1, pp. 327–330.

Abstract: Wind power is growing source in this era of power generation from renewable sources. In India, the power generation from wind is 32562 MW in July 2017 and target for 2022 is 60,000 MW. The problems in front of controllers are the variable nature of wind speed that changes the output power of generator. Authors present various controllers, which works on different generators as synchronous and asynchronous generators. The proposed work based on using doubly Fed Induction Generators (DFIG) with wind turbine and controlling its various parameters to obtain stability in output active power. To resolve variable speed problem, Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) replaces conventional controller. The parameters considered for controlling are rotor speed, grid..........

Keywords: doubly fed induction generator (DFIG), Fuzzy logic controller (FLC)..

[1.] Global wind energy council(GWEC) http://www.gwec.net/global-figures/graphs/
[2.] Ministry of new and Renewable Energy(MNRE) http://mnre.gov.in/mission-and-vision-2/achievements/
[3.] T. Iqbal, Amjadullah and K. Zeb, "Performance of grid interfaced doubly fed induction generator-wind turbine using fuzzy logic controller based on Gauss Newton algorithm under symmetrical and asymmetrical faults," 2017 International Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE), Lahore, 2017, pp. 1-6.
[4.] M. Ramirez-Gonzalez, O. Malik, R. Castellanos-Bustamante and G. Calderon-Guizar, "Conventional and fuzzy PODCs for DFIG-based wind farms and their impact on inter-area and torsional oscillation damping," in IET Renewable Power Generation, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 334-340, 2 8 2017.
[5.] A.Ashouri-Zadeh, M. Toulabi and A. M. Ranjbar, "Coordinated design of fuzzy-based speed controller and auxiliary controllers in a variable speed wind turbine to enhance frequency control," in IET Renewable Power Generation, vol. 10, no. 9, pp. 1298-1308, 10 2016

Abstract: This paper describes the development of approximate mathematical models to be used in load profiling and forecasting, e.i., the household and commercial load profile. The model was developed by studying and profiling load demand of Manyana, a village in Botswana. Basing on the random nonlinear regression results of the load demand profiles of Manyana village the numerical methods of least square approximation was chosen to determine the relationship between daily hours against energy consumption in kWh to get a mathematical representation between the two variables. The method of least square approximation enables approximate determination of the polynomial function of order n for any nonlinear regression discrete data. The work is still ongoing where by developed mathematical models will be used in coding to compute energy consumption prediction for any future energy demand and also generate a graphical representation for any other village in forecasting short, medium and long term energy demand.

[1] Offen, Mathematical models used in Forecasting (May 2017).
[2] E. Haway, Short Term Load Forecasting Using Artificial Neural Networks. Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2007.
[3] Moemedi, M. K. Importance of load profiles and load forecast to designers, April 2017. Department of Energy, Ministry of Minerals Energy and Water Resources, Botswana

Abstract: The main objective of asymmetrical multilevel converter configuration is to achieve quality form of AC voltage and current by increasing the levels of output voltage. This paper mainly investigate the pro's and cod's of various dc source progression schemes like binary, quasi, trinary, etc proposed for the asymmetrical cascaded H bridge multilevel converter topologies. The performance of a 3φ, 400V cascaded Three H Bridge multilevel converter has been examined for various asymmetrical dc source progression schemes using MATLAB/Simulink and also prototype converter has been validated using dSPACE DS1103 real time interface controller.

Key words - Asymmetrical dc source progression, cascaded H-Bridge multilevel converter, %THD, multicarrier PWM

[1] Angulo, M., Lezana, P., Kouro, S., Rodriguez, J., Wu, B.: "Level-shifted PWM for cascaded multilevel converters with even power distribution‟. Power Electronics Specialists Conf., 2007. PESC 2007. IEEE, 2007,pp. 2373–2378.

[2] Rodríguez, J., Lai, J.S. and Peng, F.Z. , Multilevel inverters a survey of topologies controls and applications, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 49(4), Aug., pp. 724-738, 2002.

[3] Fang Lin Luo and Hong Ye "Advanced DC/AC Converters: Applications in renewable energy" CRC press, by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC, K14836, ISBN: 978-1-4665-1135-49, 2013.

[4] Bin Wu, "High-Power Converters and AC Drives" IEEE press by A John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Publication, ISBN-13 978-0-471-73171-9, 2006.

[5] Y. Hinago and H. Koizumi, "A single-phase multilevel converter using switched series/parallel DC voltage sources," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 57, no. 8, pp. 2643–2650, Aug. 2010.

Abstract: High torque ripple and high acoustic noise are the major disadvantages of Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM). SRM has valuable features like low cost, reduced maintenance requirements, fault tolerance, high efficiency, rugged behavior and large torque output over a very wide speed range the researcher giving more concentration to this device, there are several publications which gives full or partial solution to the problems of SRM. This paper proposes a simple new structured stator and rotor design for SRM to increase the torque and reduce the torque ripple considerably. The proposed 8X8 motor Consists of six layered magnetically independent stator and rotor sets .Each layer works exactly in a complementary way and helps to another layer in an accurate method to give a suitable torque output. Based on special switching method at a time one layer produces torque and the remaining layers doesn't............

Key words - switched reluctance motor, SRM, torque ripple, high torque, acoustic noise.

[1] D.A.P Correa, W.M. da Silva, ―Control strategies applied for for reducing the vibration and torque ripple of a special switched reluctance motor‖, Journal of microwave, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic application, Vol.10 No.1,June 2011.
[2] E.Afjei and H.Toliyat, ―A Novel Multilayer Switched Reluctance Motor, ―IEEE Transaction on Energy Conversion, vol. 17, pp. 217- 221,2002.
[3] H. Torkaman and E. Afjei, "Comprehensive Study of 2-D and 3-D Finite Element Analysis of a Switched reluctance Motor," Journal of Applied Sciences, vol. 8, pp. 2758-2763, 2008.
[4] M. S. Toulabi, et aI. , "Magnetostatic Analysis of a Novel Switched Reluctance Generator," presented at the 1st Power Electronic & Drive Systems & Technologies Conference, PEDSTC, Tehran, Iran, 2010.
[5] E. Afjei, et aI. , "A new two phase bidirectional hybrid switched reluctance motor/field-assisted generator," Journal of Applied Sciences, vol. 9, pp. 765-770, 2009..

Abstract: This paper proposes a new meta-heuristic search algorithm, called cuckoo search algorithm (CSA). The cuckoo search is an optimization algorithm based on the brood parasitism of cuckoo species by laying their eggs in the communal nests of other host birds, though they may remove others' eggs to increase the hatching probability of their own eggs. The new algorithm is implemented to solve combined environmental economic dispatch (CEED) problem in power systems considering the power limits, valve-point effect and transmission loss. The CEED is to minimize both the operating fuel cost and emission level simultaneously while satisfying the load demand and operational constraints. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm has been tested on 10-generator system and the results were compared with other methods reported in recent literature. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms previous optimization methods.............

Key words - Economic dispatch, emission dispatch, combined environmental economic dispatch, cuckoo search algorithm, valve-point effect.

[1] A. Farag, S. Al Baiyat and T. C. Cheng, Economic load dispatch multi-objective optimization procedures using linear programming technique, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 10(2), 1995, 731-738.
[2] M. A. Abido, A novel multi-objective evolutionary algorithm for environmental/economic power dispatch, Electric Power Systems Research, 65, 2003, 71-81.
[3] S.Y. Lim, M. Montakhab and H. Nouri, Economic dispatch of power system using particle swarm optimization with constriction factor, Int. J. Innov. Energy Syst. Power, 4(2), 2009, 29-34.
[4] Z. L. Gaing, Particle swarm optimization to solving the economic dispatch considering the generator constraints, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 18(3), 2003, 1187-1195.
[5] D. C. Walters and G. B. Sheble, Genetic algorithm solution of economic dispatch with valve point loading, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 8(3), 1993, 1325-1332.

Abstract: Ocean has attracted the attention of the researchers owing to its importance on environmental issues, resources, scientific works and military tasks requiring critical control operations of the submarine to achieve the desired objectives. This paper represents the performance comparison of various controllers for the depth control of the submarine employing the stern plane actuation technique which actuates the stern plane motor to achieve the desired depth. The controllers such as PI Controller, Fuzzy logic based Controller (FLC) and Type 2 Fuzzy Logic based Controllers (T2FLC) have been applied for the depth control operation of the submarine and the simulation has been carried out based on quantitative performance analysis of the controllers using various performance criteria in MATLAB Simulink© environment. The results obtained in terms of Stern plane angle, Rate of change of Depth and Actual depth, indicate that the T2FLC provides better performance than other controllers used.

Key words - Submarine; Depth control; Stern Plane; Fuzzy Logic Control; Type-2 Fuzzy Logic Control.

[1] D.K. Brown, ―The technology of Submarine design – a historical survey 1905-1945‖, Interdisciplinary Science Reviews, Taylor
and Francis, 1990, 15(3), 235-251.
[2] R.F. Burges, ―Ships beneath the Sea: A History of Submarines and Submersibles‖, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1975.
[3] A.G. Bovis, ―Optimal control, safety and silence- Trends in design of maneuvering systems for French submarines‖, Proceedings of
Warship 88 International Symposium on Conventional Naval Submarines, London, UK, 1988.
[4] W. Braugnier, ―Automatic depth control of submarine split plane mode‖, Naval Ship Systems Command Technical News 15, part
7, July, 1966.
[5] H. Klee and R. Allen, ―Simulation of Dynamic Systems with MATLAB and Simulink‖, 2nd Edition, Boca Raton, Florida, USA,
CRC press, Taylor and Francis Group, 2011, 85-89.

Abstract: The scaling down of electron devices to achieve higher component density and speed is pushing
electronics into the realm of molecular electronics. DNA is one of the foremost contenders for use as material in
the futuristic molecular integrated circuits. In molecules charge conductivity is a function of energy of
molecular orbitals. Due to the small size of molecules there are finite energy gaps between the two
corresponding molecular orbitals.The transfer integrals and HOMO-LUMO gaps play a vital role in the
charge conduction through molecules. In this paper the values of energy levels for occupied and unoccupied
molecular orbitals of isolated DNA bases Adenine, Guanine, Thymine and Cytosine have been calculated using
Hartee Fock method with STO......

Key Word: DNA, molecular electronics, transfer integrals, HOMO-LUMO Gap,nanoelectronic devices

[1]. Chau,R et al. (2000), "30nm Physical Gate Length CMOS Transistors with 1.0ps n-MOS and 1.7ps p-MOS Gate Delays,"
International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM) Technical Digest, pp. 45-48.
[2]. Averin, D.V. and Likharev, K. K.(1991), ''Single-electronics: A correlated transfer of single electrons and Cooper pairs in systems
of small tunnel junctions,'' in Mesoscopic Phenomena in Solids, eds. B.L. Altshuler, P. A. Lee, and R. A. Webb, Elsevier.
[3]. Devoret,M.H. et al.(1992), ''Single Electron transfer in metallic nanostructures,'' Nature 360, pp. 547-552.
[4]. Grabert H. and Devoret,M.H.(1991) Eds., Single Charge Tunneling, Plenum Press, London.
[5]. Likharev,K.K.(1995), ''Physics and possible applications of single-electron devices,'' FED Journal 6 , pp. 5-14.
http://hana.physics.sunysb.edu/set/pubs.html

Abstract: Bitcoin is the most successful crypto currency that has created a new division in the area of electronic
financial transactions. Bitcoin provides a platform to run currency without any central control. It serves as both
a peer-to-peer payment system as well as a store of value. Bitcoin records all its transactions in a distributed
append-only public ledger called block chain. In this paper, we present a systematic survey that covers the
security aspects of Bitcoin. The purpose of this paper is to explore some of these security issues associated with
the Bitcoin as well as suggest countermeasures to keep its transactions secure.

Key Word: Bitcoin, Block Chain, Miner, Security Threats.

[1]. S. Nakamoto. "Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System," available at https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf, 2008.
[2]. P. Ciaian, M. Rajcaniova and d. Kancs, "The digital agenda of virtual currencies: Can Bit Coin become a global currency?",
Information Systems and e-Business Management, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 883-919, 2016.
[3]. K. Kleineberg and D. Helbing, "A "Social Bitcoin" could sustain a democratic digital world", 2016.
[4]. Sarah Meiklejohn, Marjori Pomarole, Grant Jordan, Kirill Levchenko, Damon McCoy, Geoffrey M Voelker, and Stefan Savage. A
fistful of bit coins: characterizing payments among men with no names. In Proceedings of the 2013 conference on Internet
measurement conference, pages 127–140. ACM, 2013.
[5]. Fang Dai, Yue Shi, Nan Meng, Liang Wei, Zhiguo Ye, "From Bitcoin to Cyber security: a Comparative Study of Block chain
Application and Security Issues", 4th International Conference on Systems and Informatics, 2017..

Abstract: This paper describes an approach for mining sentiment from customers‟ reviews for an Event
Management company. The proffered opinion mining system mines qualitative features which are frequently
commented on by customers and also classifies the sentiment orientation of the reviews. The system can
generate a feature-based graphical summary of sentiment polarities. This is useful to prospective customers in
making a decision regarding hire of an event management company. It is also beneficial to the company, as it
helps them to improve service in requisite areas as reflected in the feature-based summary In this prospective.....

Key Word: opinion mining, sentiment classification, natural language processing, feature extraction, event management..

[1]. Duan, J. and Zeng, J. Mining opinion and sentiment for stock return prediction based on Web-forum messages. Proceedings of the
10th International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery, Shenyang, China, July 2013.
[2]. Ardehaly, E. M. and Culotta, A. Mining the Demographics of Political Sentiment from Twitter Using Learning from Label
Proportions. Proceedings of the International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM 2017), New Orleans, Nov 2017, pp. 733 - 738.
[3]. B. O‟Connor, R. Balasubramanyan, B. R. Routledge, and N. A. Smith. From Tweets to Polls: Linking Text Sentiment to Public
Opinion Time Series. Proceedings of the 4th International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media, Washington, May
2010, pp. 122-129.
[4]. Bodendorf, F. and Kaiser, C. Detecting Opinion Leaders and Trends in Online Communities. Fourth International Conference on
Digital Society, St. Maarten, Netherlands Antilles, Feb 2010, pp. 124 - 129.
[5]. Chen, Y., Hui, L., Wu, C. Liu, H. and Chen, S. Opinion leaders discovery in dynamic social network. International Conference on
Ubi-media Computing and Workshops, Thailand, Aug 2017, pp. 1 - 6..