iosr-JEEE   Volume-14 ~ Issue-6 ~ Nov. – Dec. 2019

Abstract: This paper describes the mp3 decoding algorithm implemented in Matlab with parallel technique. It focuses on software-based, with different number of tasks. Three decoding techniques are used in the implementation including sequential decoding, two tasks parallel decoding and three tasks parallel decoding. The decoding algorithm is implemented based on 'spmdlabindex' coding provided in Matlab. The time taken to decode the mp3 files by using these three techniques are compared and their performance are evaluated. From the experimental results, it is found that two tasks parallel decoding has improved the decoding time by 14.18% with speedup of 1.165 while three tasks parallel decoding has 5.25% improvement in the computation time with speedup of 1.055. It can be concluded.....

[1]. Uzelac, T. and Kovac, M. (1998) 'A Fast MPEG Audio Layer III Software Decoder', IEEE, 0-7803-4391- 3/98.
[2]. Lee, K. S. et. al. (1999) 'A VLSI Implementation of MPEG-2 AAC Decoders System', IEEE, 0-7803-5728-0/99.
[3]. Tsai, T. H. et. al. (2003) 'A Pure-ASIC Design Approach for MPEG-2 AAC Audio Decoder', IEEE, 0-7803-8185-8/03.
[4]. Yang, C. H. et. al. (2006) 'Software and Hardware co-design for MP3 Decoder', IEEE, 1-4244-0549-1/06.
[5]. Zhou, D. et. al. (2007) 'An SoC Based HW / SW Co-Design Architecture for Multi-Standard Audio Decoding', IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference, 1-4244-1360-5/07.

Abstract: Indian Roads are very noisy due to various road users and congestion factors. It's a custom in India to paint Truck Rear with message "BLOW HORN". The ever-increasing noise pollution affects both physical and mental ability and presents the significant need for a sustainable and an economically viable solution. The aggressive honking of the horn from the vehicles treading on a road is a major source of noise pollution and is highly undesirable and irritating. The residential areas, schools, hospitals and other workplaces nearby are adversely affected. Honking is a habit and usually people uses various types of horn to generate discrete......

Keywords: Honking System, Internet of things, Smart City, Noise Pollution

[1] N Garg and S. Maji, "A retrospective view of noise pollution control policy in India:status, proposed revision and control measures," Current Science, vol. III, pp. NO. 1, 10th July, 2016.
[2] S. K. Prasad P., S. Keerti, Parthiv T. and Surendar S., "Automatic Vehicle Horn Control System Proximity Sensors," International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Vol. 118, NO. 20, 2018, ISSN: 1314-3395, Special Issue.
[3] N. Garg, A.K. Sinha, M. Dahiya and P. Kumar, "Effect of odd-even vehicular restrictions on ambient noise levels in Delhi city," 2017 International conference on Advances in Mechanical, Industrial, Automation and Management Systems(AMIAMS).
[4] P.Doshi, P.Halani, V.Jasoliya, M.Jain and V. Sawant "Honking with Reduced Effects on Noise Pollution," International Journal of Research in Computer and Communication Engineering, Vol. 4, Issue: 10, October 2015.
[5] P. Patil, "Smart IoT Based System for Vehicle Noise and Pollution Mentoring," International Conference on Trends in Electronics and Informatics, ICEI 2017.

Abstract: This paper describes the design of an egg incubator which is powered from solar photovoltaic energy system. Chicken farmers at places not connected to notational grid and small households at rural settlements for them to maximize production requires egg incubators which can utilize available energy sources in absence of national electricity grid. There are critical factors which are necessary for the effectiveness of egg performance and these include correct internal temperature and relative humidity and periodic egg turning inside the incubator. The incubator designed allows for use of solar PV system as an energy source. The simulation results show that the incubator is able to maintain internal temperature and relative humidity within the required ranges. It also able to perform egg turning through electric motor actuator mechanism and is able to display number of days left before hatching. Further work will follow where the actual prototype is constructed and validated through actual egg incubation..

Keywords: Egg incubator, photovoltaic system, performance

[1]. M. O. North and D. D. Bell, Commercial chicken production manual. Chapman & Hall, 1990.
[2]. Boleli I.C., Morita V.S., Matos Jr J.B., Thimotheo M. and Almeida V. R. "Poultry Egg Incubation: Integrating and Optimizing Production Efficiency." Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science (2016): 7 – 14
[3]. M. C. Nesheim, R. E. Austic and L. E. Card, Poultry Production. Lea & Febiger, 1979.
[4]. V. S. Kumar, J. Prasad, and R. Samikannu. Computational Linear Model for predicting solar energy in Botswana. 2017 International Conference on Energy, Communication, Data Analytics and Soft Computing (ICECDS). Chennai, India. 21 June 2018. p. 1-5.
[5]. http://www.iea-pvps.org/fileadmin/dam/intranet/ExCo/IEA-PVPS_T9-15_2014_PV_for_rural_health_facilities.pdf]

Abstract: The traditional systems have been studied in an isolated mode, seek to respond to a specific need and deal with a restricted set of variables. The targets established for energy efficient systems and energysustainability imply that new systems are more comprehensive and combine the various individual systems. Thisnew topology requires a new kind of engineering professionalsprovided with new skills. New engineeringprofessionals need to have not only a set of deep capabilities in a specific area, but also more comprehensiveproficiencies that allow them to understand how to integrate their particular system into a wider functional system. This paper addresses some challenges and issues posed to Higher Education institutions and to engineering professionals of the future.

[1]. UNFCCC (2015). Annex: Paris Agreement and Decision 19/CP.21 Extension of the Mandate of the Least Developed Countries Expert Group. Report of the Conference of the Parties on Its Twenty-First Session, Held in Paris from 30 November to 13 December 2015 Addendum Part Two: Action Taken by the Conference of the Parties at Its Twenty-First Session (FCCC/CP/2015/10/Add.1) and (FCCC/CP/2015/10/Add.3).
[2]. Schofer, E., Meyer, J.W. (2005)."The worldwide expansion of higher education in the twentieth century." American Sociological Review, 70.6 (2005): 898-920.
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Abstract: A power MOSFET on 2H-GeC having a wurtzite structure and a bandgap of 2.5 eV is proposed in this seedling article. A set of points are preliminarily listed in this short communication to study the feasibility of fabricating this device. It is the author's contention that a competent device is possible having a high surface field effect mobility of about 700cm2/V-s and an off-state voltage of 600-1000V can be achieved. The MOS device having plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposited oxide with Nitrogen at the oxide/semiconductor interface by N2 or NO annealing will have a low interface trap density and lower near interface trap density than 4H-SiC or 3C-SiC based MOS device that can operate at high temperature 200oC or more, due to the carbide having a high thermal conductivity as in SiC. Currently, this proposal is an educated speculation by the author......

Keywords: Germanium Carbide, power MOSFET, PECVD oxide.

[1] . A. Mahmood, I. Enrique Sansores, ―Band structure and bulk modulus calculations of germanium carbide‖, J. Mater. Research, 2005;20(5):1101-1106.
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[4] . S. Dhar, O. Seitz, M.D. Halls, S. Choi, Y.J. Chabal, L.C. Feldman, ―Chemical properties of oxidized silicon carbide surfaces upon etching in hydrofluoric acid‖, J. Am. Chemical Society, 2009;131:16808-16813.
[5] . N. Holonyak, ―The silicon p-n-p-n switch and controlled rectifier (thyristor)‖, IEEE Trans. On Power Electronics, 2001;16(1):8-16.

Abstract: In this paper, we study the virtual trajectory planning method for lane changing of vehicle in automated highway system, derivate the trajectory model for lane changing on circular road by using odd-order polynomial constraints. Based on the trajectory model for lane changing on straight road, the motion for lane changing of vehicle on circular road can be decomposed into the linear centripetal motion and the circular motion around the instantaneous centre of the circle road. Assuming that the centripetal motion displacement and rotational angular displacement meet the odd-order polynomial constraints, from the restrictive conditions for lane changing, such as time requirements, position limitation and desired state of vehicle at start time and end time of the lane changing.......

Keywords: automated highway system, lane changing, trajectory planning, odd-order polynomial constraints

[1]. Rajamani R. Vehicle Dynamics and Control . New York: Springer, 2006.
[2]. Zhang Z, Ahn S, Chen D, et al. The effects of lane changing the immediate follower: Anticipation, relaxation, and change in driver characteristics. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies 2013; 26(1): 367-379.
[3]. Ho M L, CHAN P T, RAD A B. Lane change algorithm for autonomous vehicles via virtual curvature method. Journal of Advanced Transportation 2009; 43(1):47-70.
[4]. Feng J X, Ruan J H, Li Y B. Study on intelligent vehicle lane change path planning and control simulation. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Information Acquisition, New York: IEEE Computer Society, 2006: 683-688.
[5]. Montes N, Mora M C, Tomnero J. Trajectory generation based on rational bezier curves as clothoids. Proceedings of the IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, New York: IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Society, 2007:505-510.

Abstract: The wireless power transfer (WPT) is a concept to transfer power from the transmitter side to the receiver side using an electromagnetic principle. The transmitted power is low because it does not use wire. Four concepts can be applied to improve the power on the receiver side of WPT system. They are the first is a WPT using relay coil, the second concept is the WPT using single input multi output (SIMO), the third concept is the WPT using multi input single output (MISO) and the last is the WPT using multi input multi output (MIMO). This paper reviews the four concept for improving power of WPT system.

Keywords: power improvement, wireless power transfer, relay resonant, SISO, SIMO, MISO, MIMO.

[1] D. B. Surajit, W. R. Ahmed, K. Narendra, K. Md.Ershadul, & B. M. Abu. Wireless Powering by Magnetic Resonant Coupling: Recent Trends in Wireless Power Transfer System and Its Applications. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 51 (2015) 1525-1552
[2] G. Capua, N. Femia & G. Lisi. Impact of Losses and Mismatches on Power and Efficeincy of Wireless Power Transfer Systems with Controlled Secondary-Side Rectifier. Integration, The VLSI journal, 55 (2016) 384-392.
[3] S. Chattaerjee, A. Iyer, C. Bharatiraja, I. Vaghasia, & V. Rajesh. Design Optimisation for an Efficient Wireless Power Transfer System for Electric Vehicle. 1 st International Conference on Power Engineering, Computing and Control, PECON-2017, 2-4 March 2017, VIT University, Chennai Campus.
[4] M. Iordache, G. Andronescu, V. Bucata, M. L. Iordache, M. Staculescu, & D. Nuculae. Design and Simulation of Wireless Power Transfer Systems. Annals of the University of Craiova, Electrical Engineering Series, 20 (2016) 109-114.
[5] D. Zhu, N. Grabham, C. Lindsay, B. Stark, & S. Beeby. Inductive power transfer in e-textile applications: reducing the effects of coil Misalignment. IEEE Wireless Power Transfer Conference, Boulder, US, 13 - 15 May 2015.

Abstract: The exchange stiffness constant Aex was linearly propositional to the difference of spin waveresonance field HSWR and ferromagnetic resonance field HFMR. In this work, we measured theHSWR and HFMR with in-plane angles in order to analyze the angular dependence of Aex in NiFethin film with thickness of 100 nm. The Aex of NiFe thin film was shown isotropic behavior notdepending on the in-plane angles. The measured value of Aex was 10.9×10−7erg/cm and its valueshould be applied to the spin wave devices.

[1]. S. Okamoto, N. Kikuchi, O. Kitakami, T. Miyazaki, Y. Shimada, and K. Fukamichi, Chemical-order-dependent magnetic anisotropy and exchange stiffness constant of fept (001) epitaxial films, Physical Review B 66, 024413 (2002).
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Abstract: When weare planning for cell mobile area, we should put in our consider the traffic and the coverage area by doing analysis using the TDMA – FDMA mobile cellular communication system. In this paper we collaborate with Ooredoo mobile company in Kuwait to see the effect of cell radius on the power can the base station to supply the user by using the path loss and the transmitter power level.

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Abstract: The design of a Power Distribution Network (PDN) for high performance integrated circuits (IC) has been demanding ever more strict requirements, due to the increased information transmission speed. This article proposes a methodology that allows through a genetic algorithm optimization technique to minimize the number of decoupling capacitors in a PDN in order to satisfy a target impedance (Ztarget) in a frequency range. The work shows the possibility to find a solution that meets the target impedance design criteria Ztarget of a specific IC with a time of around 30 to 40 seconds. The results show sufficient reliability for the starting point of the minimum number of decoupling capacitors in pre-layout of a PDN.

[1]. Fizesan, Raul; Pitica, Dan. Power integrity design tips to minimize the effects of mounting inductance of decoupling capacitors.
Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (OPTIM), 2012 13th International Conference on, Brasov, 2012.
[2]. Tripathim J. N., Damle, P., Malik, R., Minimizing Core Supply Noise in a Power Delivery Network by Optimization of Decoupling Capacitors using Simulated Annealing. IEEE. 2017.
[3]. Piersanti, S., Et. Al. Decoupling Capacitors Placement for a Multichip PDN by a Nature-Inspired Algorithm. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 60. No 6, 2018.
[4]. Koo, K. Et. Al. Fast Algorithm for Minimizing the Number of decap in Power Distribution Networks. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 60. No 3, 2018.

Abstract: Weather is the state of the atmosphere at a given time and place with respect to cloudiness, hotness, heat, dryness, sunshine, wind, rain, etc.and it is difficult to predict. Weather monitoring plays an important role in various human endeavor. In this paper, we present the development of a low cost server-based automatic weather station for remote locations. This work is built around a microcontroller unit (Arduino mega 2560 microcontroller), weather parameter sensors and a laptop computer. The data from the sensors were collected either hourly, daily, monthly or on a yearly basis. A webpage and a serial data capturing application were developed using notepad, hypertext markup language version 5and advanced serial data logger software respectively that logs and display real time weather conditions on the PC which can be monitored, accessed and downloaded by users remotely.The developed system worked satisfactorily......

Keywords: Advanced Serial Data Logger Software; Arduino Mega 2560MCU;Automatic Weather Station; Server-based; Weather Parameters.

[1]. Wikipedia, "Automatic Weather Station", http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aotomatic_weather_station
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[4]. Adnan Shaout, Yulong Li, Mohan Zhou, and SelimAwad, "Low Cost Embedded Weather Station with Intelligent System", 978-1-4799-5241-0114 / Pp. 100-106 IEEE 10th International Computer Engineering Conference (ICENCO), 2014.Doi: 10.1109/ICENCO.2014.7050439.
[5]. O. Krejcar, "Low Cost Weather Station with Remote Control," SAMI 2012. 10th IEEE Jubilee International Symposium on Applied Machine Intelligence and Informatics. 26 -28 January,2012· Herl'any, Slovakia. Doi:10.1109/SAMI.2012.6209011

Abstract: A systematic synthesis procedure is given for realizing current transfer functions using only one active device: four terminal floating nullor (FTFN) or current differencing transconductance amplifier (CDTA), and voltage transfer functions using only one active device: operational transresistance amplifier (OTRA), Current conveyor (CC) II, or operational amplifier (OA). Realizations of second order current transfer functions using CDTA require one less passive element for LP and BP filters, and equal number of passive elements for HP and BR filters, and 1 more passive element for AP filter, compared to corresponding FTFN realizations. Realizations of voltage transfer functions using OTRA, CCII or OA use the same number of total passive elements. Illustrative examples are given.

Keywords: Current transfer function, voltage transfer function, all pass filters, FTFN, CDTA, CC, OA.

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