iosr-JEEE   Volume-18 ~ Issue-1 ~ Jan. – Feb. 2023

Abstract: An Energy Audit has been conducted in an educational institution with focus on electrical energy conservation. The detailed load wise and block wise categories are selected for the performance analysis. The published electricity monthly bill is shown for the scope of comparative analysis. Based on the available solar production profile, the payback period and similar parameters can be calculated when needed. The experimental work highlighted will add the technical depth to the present article.

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Abstract: The basic merit functions of the point spread function are to increase the intensity of central maxima and elimination of side lobes or to reduce the radius of first dark ring. The point spread function of the two zone optical system of the second order in the presence of defocus and primaryspherical aberration with Hanning (outer zone) and Triangular (inner zone) amplitude filters is studied. A significant increase in the intensity of central maximum when apodisation parameter for β=1 is achieved. Employment of the Hanning and Triangularfilters under the higher.....

Keywords: point spread function; amplitude apodization; primary spherical aberration; defocus; two-zone aperture;super-resolver

[1]. Jacqui not, P. Roizen-dossier, B. Apodization. Progress in Optics, 1964. - Vol.3. – P. 29-32.
[2]. Mills, JP. Thompson, BJ. Selected papers on apodization:coherent optical systems - Washington: "SPIE Optical Engineering Press"
Publisher, 1996. – Vol.119.
[3]. Barakat, R. Application of apodization to increase Two-point resolution by Sparrow criterion under incoherent illumination. J. Opt.
Soc. Am., 1962. – Vol.52. – P. 276-283.
[4]. Barakat, R. Solution to the Lunenberg Apodization problems. J. Opt. Soc. Am., 1962. – Vol.52. – P. 264-272.
[5]. Khonina, SN. Ustinov, AV., and Pelevina, EA. Analysis of wave aberration influence on reducing the focal spot size in a Highaperture
focusing system. J. Opt., 2011. – Vol.13. – 13pp

Abstract: The number of electric vehicles (EVs) on the road will rise dramatically over time on a global scale. Because of the enormous number of conventional automobiles on the road today, pollution levels are rising. However, EVs still have some mileage limits. Multilevel inverters (MLI) have been a major topic among researchers in recent years. Because there are few advantages to having superior power quality. Essentially, an inverter is a converter that can convert DC electricity to AC power at a specific level. A voltage source inverter can provide two levels of output. At the required voltage level, the MLI can create sinusoidal output voltage and reduce Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). When we raise the voltage, the output power quality improves, and the THD decreases. The development and analysis of a cascaded MLI with reduced THD are suggested in this study. In this paper, a 5-level inverter is used as an MLI......

Keywords: Electric vehicle, electric machine, DC-AC converter, power loss, efficiency

[1]. Anzari M., Meenakshi J., Dr. Sreedevi V.T. "Simulation Of A Transistor Clamped H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter And Its Comparison With A Conventional H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter" 2014 IEEE International Conference On Circuit, power and Computing Technolgies[ICCPCT].
[2]. M. H. Rshid ―Power Electronics: Circuits, Devices and Applications‖, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education Inc, India, 2015.
[3]. E. Babaei, S. Alilu, S. Laali, ―A new general topology for cascaded multilevel inverters with reduced number of components based on developed H-bridge‖, IEEE trans. Ind. Electron, vol. 61, no. 8, pp. 3932-3939, 2014.
[4]. M. Aleenejad, H. Mahmoudi, R. Ahmadi, H. Iman-Eini,‖A New High-Switching-Frequency Modulation Technique to Improve the DC-Link Voltage Utilization in Multilevel Converters‖, IEEE Transaction on Industrial Electronics, vol.64, pp. 4530-4538, 2017

Abstract: For the existing potato bagging machine in China, there are problems of qualified weighing rate, low bagging efficiency and high labor cost, we developed a high-efficiency flow quantitative bagging control system which is applicable to potato flow quantitative bagging machine. The control system is based on Siemens PLC S7-200, using cylinders as the actuating element, using the principle of S-type tensile force sensor weighing, through the relevant logic sequence control solenoid valve on and off to achieve the actuating cylinder action, so that each station can selectively work at the same time or work individually, improving the flexibility of bagging and bagging efficiency, and through......

Key word: Bagging machine, control system,PLC,design and experiment

[1]. ZHOU K, JENSEN A L, BOCHTIS D, et al. Simulation model for the sequential in-field machinery operations in a potato production system[J]. Computers & Electronics in Agriculture, 2015, 116: 173-186.
[2]. WANG Xiangyou,SUN Jingbin,XU Yingchao, et al.Design and experiment of paddle roller push type potato cleaning and sorting machine[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Societyfor Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(10):316-322+279.
[3]. Lv JQ, Shang QQ, Yang Y, et al. Design optimization and experiment of potato seedling killing machine[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Societyfor Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(05):106-114+98.
[4]. WEI Zhongcai,LI Hongwen,SUN Chuanzhu,et al. Improvement of potato harvester with vibration and wave secondary separation[J]. Journal of Agricultural Engineering,2018,34(12):42-52.
[5]. Li Na, Zhou Jin, Cui Zhongkai, et al. The current situation of full mechanization of potato production in Shandong Province and suggestions for countermeasures[J]. China Journal of Agricultural Chemistry,2019,40(01):198-204.
[6]. Xie Kaiyun, Qu Dongyu, Jin Liping, et al. Comparison of potato production in China with advanced countries in the world[J]. World Agriculture,2008(05):35-38+41.

Abstract: This research, conducted with Simulink, looked at how voltage transformers responded to the ferro resonance phenomenon. When analysing this phenomenon's behaviour, only electrical factors are taken into consideration (currents and voltages). The approach is based on documentary research, which explains the theoretical underpinnings, causes, and effects of this phenomenon while also analysing the simulation outputs produced by Simulink. With satisfactory findings, various scenarios are simulated. The transformer's energization and de-energization are described as crucial conditions for the development of ferro resonance. It has been determined through various simulations that the phenomenon is amplified when the transformer is connected in delta and the magnitude of the capacitance value and connecting the main winding of the transformer.

Key word: Ferro resonance, MATLAB / Simulink, Voltage Transformers, Simulations.

[1]. S. Rezaei, "Impact of Ferro resonance on protective relays in Manitoba Hydro 230 kV electrical network", - Conference Proceedings, pp. 1694-1699, 2015.
[2]. D. McDermit, D. Shipp, T. Dionise and V. Lorch, «Medium-voltage switching transient-induced potential transformer failures: Prediction, measurement, and practical solutions », IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 49, n.or 4, pp. 1726-1736, 2013.
[3]. W. Chunbao, T. Lijun and Q. Yinglin, "A study on factors influencing ferro resonance in distribution system", DRPT 2011 - 2011 4th International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies, pp. 583-588, 2011.
[4]. S. Shahabi, D. Babazadeh, R. Shirvani and M. Purrezagholi, "Mitigating ferro resonance in coupling capacitor voltage transformers with ferro resonance suppressing circuits", IeeeEurocon 2009, Eurocon 2009, pp. 817-822, 2009.
[5]. V. Valverde, G. Buigues, E. Fernández, A. Mazón and I. Zamora, «Behavioral patterns in voltage transformer for ferro resonance detection », Proceedings of the MediterraneaElectrotechnical Conference - MELECON, pp. 772-775, 2012.

Abstract: We study the paper of Ra that was published in Decision Sciences. He tried to develop a new method to simplify the paired comparison for Analytic Hierarchy Process. We show that for a three by three comparison matrix, the normalized relative weights derived by the chainwise paired comparison proposed by Ra is the same
as the normalized results of the row geometric mean method. Our results provide a framework for further analytical explanation for the chainwise paired comparisons. On the other hand, we provide an example in which Ra's method comes up with questionable outcomes. Researchers who use Ra's method should be aware of this discrepancy.

Key word: Multicriteria Decision Making; AHP; Measure of Consistence

[1]. Aguarón, J., Moreno-Jiménez, J.M., 2000. Local stability intervals in the analytic hierarchy process. European Journal of
Operational Research, 125, 114-133.
[2]. Apostolou, B., Hassell, J.M., 1993. An empirical examination of the sensitivity of the analytic hierarchy process to departures from
recommended consistency ratios. Mathematical and computer modelling 17, 163-170.
[3]. Barzilai, J., Cook, W.D., Golany, B., 1987. Consistent weights for judgments matrices of the relative importance of alternatives,
Operations Research Letters, 6(3), 131-134.
[4]. Bernhard, R.H., Canada, J.R., 1990. Some problems in using benefit/cost ratios with the analytic hierarchy Process. The
Engineering Economist36, 56-65.
[5]. Brugha, C.M. (2000). Relative measurement and the power functions. European Journal of Operational Research,121, 627-640.