iosr-JMCE   Volume-20 ~ Issue-2 ~ Mar. – Apr. 2023

Abstract: Recycling the plastic is very important for the universe. The plastic material demand is improving in every day moreover the use of plastics are not beneficial for the human being life cycle also it creates hazards to the nature. Hence in order reduce the new products manufacturing with plastic we can reuse the waste plastic by recycling process. The plastic material takes 450 years to decompose naturally, due to this longer period it creates more environment pollution and it is necessary to recycle the waste plastic
In this project we reproduce the plastic models......

[1]. Plastic Business Data and Charts, Verband Kunststofferzeugende Industrie e. V. (VKE), Germany. published 16.04.2004 (downloadable from http://vke.de)
[2]. Meech, C. G. (2006) Science Progress, 89 (1), 1 – 59.
[3]. Zweifel, H. (2001) Plastics Additives Handbook, Fifth Edition, Carl Hanser Verlag, Germany. 4. Michaeli, M. (1995) Plastics Processing: An Introduction, Carl HanserVerlag, Germany.
[4]. La Mantia, F. P. (1997) Role of Additives in the Recycling of Polymers, IUPAC, 38th Microsymposium on Recycling of Polymers, Prague, July 1997.
[5]. Brandrup, J., Bittner, M., Menges, G. and Michaeli, W. (1996) Recycling and Recovery of plastics, Carl Hanser Verlag, Germany

Abstract: This research has been analysing effect of Compression Ratio (CR) on CI engine fuelled using Diesel and Diesel with Hydrogen gas. In this research performance parameters such as brake thermal efficiency and fuel consumption has been investigated. Experiments have been performed with different compression ratio (16, 17 and 18) with different load. In this investigation, the effect of Hydrogen additive gas on CI engine with different compression ratio has been analysed. The lower fuel consumption has been observed using Hydrogen as additive gas on CI engine with different compression ratio......

Keywords: Diesel fuel and Hydrogen fuel, compression ratio, CI engine, performance

[1]. Global Warming Essay. (n.d.). VEDANTU. https://www.vedantu.com/english/global-warming-essay
[2]. Dual-fuel Diesel engine run with injected pilot bioDiesel-Diesel fuel blend with inducted oxy-Hydrogen (HHO) gas. (2022, April 18). Dual-fuel Diesel Engine Run With Injected Pilot BioDiesel-Diesel Fuel Blend With Inducted Oxy-Hydrogen (HHO) Gas - ScienceDirect. Retrieved January 19, 2023, from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0360319922013854
[3]. Oxygen is Slightly Than Air Hence It is Collected By the Displacement of Water. (n.d.). Oxygen Is Slightly Than Air Hence It Is Collected by the Displacement of Water. Retrieved January 19, 2023, from https://byjus.com/question-answer/oxygen-is-slightly-fill-in-the-blank-than-air-hence-it-is-collected-by-the-fill-in-the-blank-displacement-of-water/
[4]. Bose, Probir Kumar, and Dines Maji. "An experimental investigation on engine performance and emissions of a single cylinder Diesel engine using Hydrogen as inducted fuel and Diesel as injected fuel with exhaust gas recirculation." International journal of Hydrogen energy 34.11 (2009): 4847-4854.
[5]. Liew, C., et al. "An experimental investigation of the combustion process of a heavy-duty Diesel engine enriched with H2." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 35.20 (2010): 11357-11365.

Abstract: There are various products in the market that keeps driver comfortable for a short period of time, products like: - 1. Neck Rest, 2. Hand Rest, 3. Back Rest. But this product does not give driver a comfortable drive. So, we are applying concept of water bed on the seat to increase the driver's comfort while traveling for long distance/journey. As our product reduces the body pains faced by the drivers. Our main aim is to increase the comfort of the driver. So, we had trying something new in these field to give better comfort. Our product can give comfort to full body not just particularly one part of body. Our product is more efficient than the seats used in cars now-a-days in terms of comfort and cost.

Keywords: Water bed seat, Car seat

[1]. Google. (n.d.). Google search. Retrieved from https://www.google.com/search?q=car%2Bseat%2Bhistory&oq=&aqs=chrome.

2.35i39i362l8.186338644j0j15&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF.

Abstract: Cooling Tower using by Petroleum refinery at Saltwater unit for distillation units application for reduction of temperature at various required stage
Cooling tower performance has been degraded by the time with working running hours has affected the performance of system which required problem identification for diagnosis & performance upgradation by analysis of Operating process parameter & thermal, mechanical electrical efficiency checks for improvement of reliability. Problem diagnosis of Cooling tower for performance upgradation included following main sectors: 1. Existing running....

Keywords: Petroleum refinery sea cooling tower, Problem in Sea Concrete CT, Operating Performance parameter, CT Design tools, CT Drift Losses

[1]. espace.library.uq.edu.au
[2]. accessengineeringlibrary.com

Abstract: In recent times, ecological challenges due to increasing global environmental crisis have posed many natural hazards which are growing by the day. The study area in this research is not an exceptional case due to increasing slope gully erosion by the downstream river. This action has over the years encroached the buildings upstream and causing serious destruction to buildings. In this study, RAM Elements software program was used in designing and analyzing the cantilever retaining wall subsequent to geotechnical analysis of the backfill and foundation soils. Soil index properties, shear strength tests, and bearing capacity analysis were conducted to determine the appropriate design parameters.......

Key Word: Retaining wall, RAM-Elements, lateral earth pressure, bearing capacity, angle of internal friction

[1]. Rameesha K., Aloshious K., Chithira P. U., Naima S., Vibitha P. K. Stability Analysis of Retaining Wall using GEO5 in Kuranchery, International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology.2019; Volume 4, Issue 5, p 540
[2]. Kayabekir, A. E., Arama, Z. A., Bekdaş, G., Nigdeli, S. M., & Geem, Z. W. Eco-friendly design of reinforced concrete retaining walls: Multi-objective optimization with harmony search applications. Sustainability.2020; 12(15), 6087.
[3]. Hugh B., and John P. N. Basics of Retaining wall Design. Tenth Edition, HBAPublication New beach, California. 2013; p 1-21
[4]. Yunyun F., Feng Z., Ying L. and Dongyang M. Numerical Investigation of Impact Characteristics of Rigid Retaining Wall for
Blocking Landslides: A Case Study of the Shum Wan Road Landslide. Hindawi Geofluids. 2022; Volume 2022, Article ID 7835780, 11 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7835780
[5]. Hengli W., Zhengsheng Z., Jian Liu. and Xinyu W. Earth Pressure on Retaining Wall withSurface-InclinedCohesiveFill Based on Principal Stress Rotation.Hindawi Geofluids Volume. 2021, ArticleID 2464669,12pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/2464669

Abstract: This study investigates the impact of varying ellipse sizes on the distribution of stress around an elliptical hole in a plate under axial loading, utilizing finite difference analysis. The study aims to understand how the size of the ellipse affects the stress distribution and how it can be utilized to mitigate stress concentrations in real-world engineering applications. The results show that the stress distribution around the hole is heavily influenced by the size of the ellipse, with smaller ellipses leading to higher stress concentrations. This study provides valuable insights into the effect of ellipse size on stress distribution, which can aid in the development of new techniques for stress mitigation in engineering applications.

Key Word: Finite Difference scheme, stress distribution, Numerical analysis

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[2]. M. Tuna and P. Trovalusci, "Stress distribution around an elliptic hole in a plate with 'implicit' and 'explicit' non-local models,"
in Composite Structure, vol. 256, 113003, Jan. 2021.
[3]. S. K. Deb Nath and M. A. Salam Akanda, "A finite difference solution of a steel plate with an internal hole using the displacement
potential approach," in Journal of Strain Analysis, vol. 44, no. 8, pp. 713–728, 2009.
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Thesis, Carleton University, Canada, 1966.
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of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh, 1993.

Abstract: Combined Cycle power Plant (CCPP) is utilized for generating electricity. It is a highly effective and efficient generation unit of power. However, the overall performance of CCPP depends on the inlet air temperature. Hence, in this paper, an inlet air cooling system based on Lithium Bromide-Water (LiBr/H2O) are investigated and the thermodynamic model was analyzed. Moreover, a novel Hybrid Ant Colony Bat Absorber system (HACBAS) was developed to optimize the developed model. Based on this approach, the system coefficient of performance (COP) is improved. The simulation model of CCPP absorption system is carried out with MATLAB. Keywords: Combined cycle power plant, Hybrid Ant Colony Bat Absorber system, inlet air cooling system, Lithium Bromide-Water.

[1]. Madadian, Edris, Jan B. Haelssig, Mina Mohebbi, and Michael Pegg. "From biorefinery landfills towards a sustainable circular bioeconomy: A techno-economic and environmental analysis in Atlantic Canada." Journal of Cleaner Production 296 (2021): 126590.
[2]. Madadian, Edris, et al. "From biorefinery landfills towards a sustainable circular bioeconomy: A techno-economic and environmental analysis in Atlantic Canada." Journal of Cleaner Production 296 (2021): 126590.
[3]. Ferry, Jonathan, Bennett Widyolar, Lun Jiang, and Roland Winston. "Solar thermal wastewater evaporation for brine management and low pressure steam using the XCPC." Applied Energy 265 (2020): 114746.
[4]. Jiang, Long, et al. "Post-combustion CO2 capture from a natural gas combined cycle power plant using activated carbon adsorption." Applied Energy 245 (2019): 1-15.
[5]. Mohammadi, Kasra, Kevin Ellingwood, and Kody Powell. "A novel triple power cycle featuring a gas turbine cycle with supercritical carbon dioxide and organic Rankine cycles: Thermoeconomic analysis and optimization." Energy Conversion and Management 220 (2020): 113123.

Abstract: Travel behavior study has become more and more essential for Transportation Planning process. A good knowledge about the travel behavior incorporates with the neighborhood and the characteristics of the household or person will navigate in a good understanding of how to generate an appropriate model that can be used in Transportation Planning. This study was conducted to established model of travel behavior of trip generation, trip distribution, mode choice and trip assignment that affected by person and household characteristic and the neighborhood which in this case is represented by a variable that inform the place where respondent live. The result of the study has shown that the number of household members, vehicle ownership and family income are significant factors in trip generation and trip distribution and also in mode choice models. However, the person characteristics such as age and gender did not significantly approve to influence the utilization of the interstate in trip assignment model.

Keywords: travel behavior, neighborhood, characteristic

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[2]. Bagley, M.N. and P.L. Mokhtarian, The impact of residential neighborhood type on travel behavior: A structural equations modeling approach. The Annals of Regional Science, 2002. Ann Reg Sci (2002) 36:279–297.
[3]. Handy, S., X. Cao, and P. Mokhtarian, Correlation or causality between the built environment and travel behavior? Evidence from Northern California. Transportation Research Part D, 2005. 10 (2005) 427–444.
[4]. Greenwald, M.J. and M.G. Boarnet The Built Environment as a Determinant of Walking Behavior: Analyzing Non-Work Pedestrian Travel in Portland, Oregon. 2001. UCI-ITS-AS-WP-01-4.
[5]. Kockelman, K.M., Travel behavior as a function of accessibility, land use mixing, and land use balance: Evidence from the San Fransisco Bay Area, in City and Regional Planning in the Graduate Division1996, University of California, Berkeley.
[6]. Golob, T.F., Structural Equation Modeling for Travel Behavior Research. Transportation Research, 2001. Vol. 37B, 2003, pp. 1-15.