iosr-JRME   Volume-10 ~ Issue-4 ~ July - Aug 2020

Abstract: This study explored the real experiences of principals on challenges faced by schools in implementing grants and funding of government schools in Sri Lanka. This study employed both qualitative and quantitative methodologies in order to achieve the aims and objectives of this study. The data was gathered through various research methods from the participants. Both qualitative and quantitative data analyzing techniques were employed to analyze data in this study. Mainly A multiple case study approach was employed to gather rich data to get an in-depth understanding of the phenomenon. In addition, a survey research approach was used to gather information from individual participants. Thematic analysis and descriptive statistical tools were employed to analyses the date in this study..........

Keywords: Financial Management, School Grants, School Funding, Financial Regulations, Auditing, Parental Support

[1]. Aronson, J. (1994). A pragmatic view of thematic analysis. The qualitative report, 2(1), 1-3.
[2]. Aturupane, H., Kellaghan, T., & Shojo, M. (2013). School-based education improvement initiatives: The Experience and Options for Sri Lanka.
[3]. Ayeni, A. J., & Ibukun, W. O. (2013). A conceptual model for school-based management operation and quality assurance in Nigerian secondary schools. Journal of Education and Learning, 2(2), 36.
[4]. Bandur, A. (2009). The implementation of school-based management in Indonesia: Creating conflicts in regional levels. Journal of NTT Developments Studies, 1(1), 16-27.
[5]. Bandur, A. (2012). School-based management developments and partnership: Evidence from Indonesia. International Journal of Educational Development, 32(2), 316-328.

Abstract: Background: Stay-at-home order has led to temporal closure of all level of schools both regionally and locally in all countries which Nigeria is not excluded. For continuous teaching and learning during Covid-19 pandemic, some governments and private schools have introduced online learning to ensure that pupils have access to learning during the stay-at-home order. It is therefore necessary to examine challenges of online learning mathematics during the stay-at-home order amidst COVID-19 in Nigeria.
Methods: The study made use of snowball and purposive sampling technique due to the nature of the respondents. The study found out that Nigerian senior secondary school students were still affected with electricity shortage as some of them encountered flat battery on their....

Keyword: Stay–at-home, Online learning, COVID-19 pandemic

[1]. Agnoletto, R., & Queiroz, V. (2020). COVID-19 and the challenges in Education. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340385425
[2]. Allen, S. (2016). Applying adult learning principles to online course design. Distance Learning, 13(3), 25-32. Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/docview/1876043451?accountid=14699
[3]. Boelens, R., De Wever, B., & Voet, M. (2017). Four key challenges to the design of blended learning: A systematic literature review. Educational Research Review, 22, 1-18.
[4]. Borge, M., & Mercier, E. (2019). Towards a micro-ecological approach to CSCL. International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 14(2), 219-235. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11412-019-09301-6

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of scaffolding strategy on students' performance in Mathematics in Keta Municipality of Volta Region, Ghana. The study employed a quasi-experimental research design. The sample for the study consisted of one hundred and fifteen (115) Senior High School Two Mathematics students. The instrument used for data collection was a multiple type objectives test titled: Mathematics Performance Test (MPT). The instrument was validated by three experts and had a reliability index of 0.88 obtained through the use of Pearson moment correlation. Two research questions and two hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The data collected were analyzed using adjusted mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions.....

Key words: Scaffolding strategy, Traditional method, Performance, Mathematics

[1]. Bransford, J., Brown, A., & Cocking, R. (2006). How People Learn: Brain, Mind, and Experience & School. National Academy Press.
[2]. Chang, K., Chen, I., & Sung, Y. (2014). The effect of concept mapping to enhance test comprehension and summarization. The Journal of Experimental
[3]. Education 71(1), (pp. 5-23).https://doi.org/10.1080/002209709602054
[4]. Hartman, H. (2017). Scaffolding & Cooperative Learning. Human Learning and Instruction (pp.23-69). City College of City University of New York.
[5]. Hudoyo, H. (2003). Pengembangan Karikulum dan Pembelajaran Matematika.IMSTEP JICA. Malang: UNM

Abstract: The study investigated the Effects of Improvised Teaching-Learning Materials (TLMs) on the academic performance of junior secondary school students in Basic Science in Enugu state, Nigeria. The study employed quasi-experimental research design. The population of the study was 33,548 JSS II Basic Science students, comprising of 14,821 male and 18,727 female students. Purposive sampling technique was used to sample a total of 140JSS II students from four public secondary schools for the study. Two each were purposively assigned to experimental and control group respectively. The 73 students in the experimental group were taught with improvised teaching-learning materials while 67students in the control group were taught without improvised teaching-learning materials.......

Keywords: Basic Science, Education, Teaching-learning materials, Improvisation, Teaching

[1]. Abdullahi, M. (2010). Designing and Developing Instructional Materials By School Teachers. A leader paper presented at an Annual Conference and Convention, Organized by the Nigeria Association for Educational Media and Technology (NAEMT). C.O.E Minna 20th – 26th September, 2010.
[2]. Adeyemi, A. and Olaleye, A. (2010). Effect of Students' Involvement in the Production of Instructional Materials on their Academic Performance in Biology. Retrieved October 20, 2010 from http://www.ladb.org/3ds/doc/educationandtechnology2
[3]. Agomouh, P. C. (2010). Effect of prior knowledge, exploration, discussion, dissatisfaction with prior knowledge and application (PEDDA) and the learning cycle (TLC) constructivist instructional models on students' conceptual change and retention. An Unpublished Ph.D thesis, UNN.
[4]. Anackwe, M.C., Nzelum, V.N., Olisakwe, and Okpala, J.U. (2010). Principles and methods of science education. Onitsha, sofie Publicity Ltd.
[5]. Adeyanju, J.I. (2005). Production of Cheap Instructional Materials for the 63-3-4 System of Education with emphasis on the first six years.Trends and Research in Educational Technology, 45 – 53.

Abstract: This article will present some analysis of government policies regarding the existence of pesantren in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics of pesantren in Islamic education policy in Indonesia, providing an overview of the dynamics of pesantren development and the development of pesantren in government policy after Indonesian independence (1945-1950) to the present. Pesantren is a religious education system in Indonesia that is regulated in Law no. 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System and in Government Regulation No. 55 of 2007 concerning religious and religious education. Based on the results of an analysis of laws and government regulations that we have done, conclusions can be obtained that can provide an explanation of the existence of pesantren in Indonesia which has been recognized but in its development, to date, the position is still marginal and still subject to discrimination in various government policies. As a creative response from every innovation and form of change in government policy, pesantren must be willing to shift their orientation to elaborate on the orientation and curriculum that has been running in their institutions.

Keyword: Pesantren, Government Policy, Founding, Development.

[1]. Abd. Halim Soebahar, (2013). Islamic Education Policy From Teacher Ordinance to the National Education System Law, Jakarta: Rajawali Pres.
[2]. AbudinNata, (2006). Modernization of Islamic Education in Indonesia, Jakarta: UIN Jakarta Press.
[3]. Alberto Fornasari, (2015). Access to higher education in Europe: policies on access and admissions, guidance, policy, the role of gender. A case study: Italian University Policy. Journal Academia A publication of the Higher Education Policy Network Vol. 5, No. 1, 76-102.
[4]. Amin Haedari, (2006). Transformation of Pesantren: Development of Educational, Religious, and Social Aspects. Jakarta: Lekdis& Media Nusantara.
[5]. AraHidayat and EkoWahib, (2014). Mu'adalahPesantren Policy and Implementation of Curriculum at Madrasa Aliyah SalafiyahPondokTremasPacitan, JurnalPendidikanIslam : Volume III, No. 1 Juni 2014/1435. 183-201

Abstract: Assessment has been a paramount aspect of learning, and getting it right has often been a worry for instructors especially in vocational education that is skill and technically based, in addition to the occasion of the novel coronavirus that has made physical gathering a problem. The global changes brought about by the coronavirus has meant changes also in the way things are done including teaching, learning and evaluation processes. The study examines how students and lecturers alike, view the integration of electronic (e) based assessment in vocational agriculture. The descriptive survey studyhadwith a population of 459 and a sample of 251 respondents.Avalidated questionnaire was used for data collection after conductingCronbach alpha reliability test. Data were analyzed using frequency, simple percentage, standard........

Key Words: online; electronic; assessment; exams; students; University

[1]. Akhavan, P.& Arefi, M. F. (2014). Developing a conceptual framework for evaluation of e-content of virtual courses: E-learning center of an Iranian university case study. Interdisciplinary Journal of E-Learning and Learning Objects, 10, 53-73. Retrieved from http://www.ijello.org/Volume10/IJELLOv10p053-073Akhavan0842.pdf
[2]. Allen, M.J. (2004). Assessing Academic Programs in Higher Education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
[3]. Alruwais, N., Wills, G. & Wald, M. (2018). Advantages and Challenges of Using e-Assessment. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 8(1), 34-37. doi: 10.18178/ijiet.2018.8.1.1008
[4]. Donovan, J. Mader, C. & Shinsky, J. (2007) Online vs. traditional course evaluation formats: Student perceptions. J. Interact. Online Learn., 6, 158–180.
[5]. Dylan W. (2013). Assessment: The Bridge between Teaching and Learning. National Council of Teachers of English. Voices from the Middle, 21 (2) 15-20.

Abstract: Background: This study examines the relationship of language anxiety on students communicative competence and to examine the most aspect of language anxiety which influence the students' communicative competence. Materials and Methods: Purpossive sampling were implied to sellect the sample and the instruments used were obtained by having speaking tests and anxiety questionnaires. Results: The result shows that fear of negative evaluation is the highest aspect which influence the communicative competene while communication apprehension is the lowest aspect influences the communictaive competence. Conclusion: the communication strategies employed by the students were mostly affected by the direct feedback as the comment and also the test which were done by students.

Keyword: Language Classroom Anxiety, Communicative Competence, Dorm-based course

[1] Ahmed, Nazeer & Pathan, Zahid Hussain & Khan, Faria Saeed. 2017. Exploring the Causes of English Language Speaking Anxiety among Postgraduate Students of University of Balochistan, Pakistan. International Journal of Linguistics. 7 (2): 99-106
[2] Aulia Nisa K (2017). Students' Speaking Anxiety in English Foreign Language. Journal of Education and Learning. Vol. 11 (1) pp. 83-90. DOI: 10.11591/edulearn.v11i1.4301
[3] Azizifar, Akbar & Faradian, Ebrahim. 2015. The Effect of Anxiety on Iranian Efl Learners Speaking Skill. International Journal of English Language and Linguistics Research. Vol.3, No.7, pp.19-30.
[4] Bakar, Noor Idaayu & Noordin, Nooren & Razali, Abu Bakar. 2019. Improving Oral Communicative Competence in English Using Project-Based Learning Activities. Candian Center of Science and Education. 12(4): 73-82
[5] Cheng, Yuh-show. 2001. Learners' Belief and Second Language Anxiety. Studies in English Literature and Linguistics. 2(27): 75-90

Abstract: The paper examines educational management and staff development programmes as a mainspring for achieving goals in secondary schools in Nigeria. Many countries globally take education as an instrument for the promotion of national development as well as effecting desirably social change. The attainment of these noble goals and objectives is highly depends on effective instructional teachers as well as the adoption of appropriate quality management skill by educational managers. Quality educational management cannot be over emphasized without teachers. The hallmarks of every educational system are the teachers. They interpret and implements educational curriculum....

Keyword: Education, Educational management, secondary school education, staff development programme

[1]. Agi U.K & Yellowe N.A (2013) Management strategies for regenerating secondary education for national development and self reliance. Journal of teacher perspective, 7(2)29-37.
[2]. Akomolafe C.O. (2011) Managing Innovations in Educational system in Nigeria. A focus on creating and sustenance of culture of innovation. Journal of emerging trends in education vol.2 (1) 47-52. [3]. Alhassan, A. J. (2014). Assessment of staff personnel services in public junior secondary schools in Wa Municipality of the upper west region of Ghana. Journal of Education and Practice, 5(16), 26-61. [4]. Amaechi N.V& Emerole P.M. (2017) Staff development programmes and strategies for achieving sustainable development goals in secondary schools in Abia State. African journal of innovations and reforms in educational management vol.1 (1) 129-141

Abstract: Despite the technological advances which have led to increasing integration of web-based courses in EFL, teachers' attitudes still have not been clearly determined regarding the implementation of online in-service training programs. In order to identify factors that hinder successful implementation of online teaching programs in Morocco, a survey for EFL teachers was conducted with the aim of ensuring quality in training programs and learning experiences. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to determine the opinions of the school teachers and teacher trainees on the integration of online in-service teacher training programs in the Moroccan educational system. More specifically, the present study examined the effect of different variables such as gender and years of experience in online teaching programs.....

Keyword: Teachers' attitudes, In-service training, Online teaching, Teachers' professional development.

[1]. Achanga P, Shehab EM, Roy R and Nelder G, 2006, Design of Lean Implementation Based on Cost Analysis, The 16th CIRP International Design Seminar, Kananaskis, Alberta, Canada, 16-19 July: 5
[2]. Abras, C.N. & Sunshine, P.M. (2008). Implementing distance learning: Theories, tools, continuing teacher education, and the changing distance-learning environment. In S. Goertler& P. Winke, CALICO Monograph Series, Volume 7. Opening doors through distance language education: Principles, perspectives, and practices, 175–201. San Marcos, TX: CALICO.
[3]. Hicham, Z. Pre-Service Training and ICT Implementation in the Classroom: ELT Teachers' Perceptions. International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology, v12 n3 p4-18 2016
[4]. Kessler, G. (2006). Assessing CALL teacher training: What are we doing and what we could do better? In P. Hubbard & M. Levy (Eds.), Teacher education in CALL (pp. 23–44). Philadelphia: John Benjamins.