Volume-13 ~ Issue-11 ~ November 2020

Abstract: The work is devoted to neutron activation analysis (NAA) of high-purity gallium, with the radiochemical separation of radionuclides of the determined elements from gallium radionuclides using extraction chromatography. To increase the number of elements separated from gallium, we used the effect of suppressing the extraction of trace amounts of elements by a macro amount of tellurium. This made it possible to increase the number of determined elements to determine an additional 11 elements. The developed method of radiochemical NAA (RNAA) of high-purity gallium allows to find out 28 elements with limits of determination from 0.5 ppm to 0.02 ppb.......

Key words: High-purity substances, gallium, extractive chromatography, neutron activation analysis

[1]. Samartsev I.V., Aleshkin V.Ya., Dikareva N.V., Dubinov A.A., Zvonkov B.N., Kolpakov D.A., Nekorkin S.M. Optimization of InGaP / GaAs / InGaAs heterolasers with tunnel-coupled waveguides // Physics and technology of semiconductors. - St. Petersburg, 2015. - Volume 49, Issue. 12. - S. 1619-1623. (In Russian)
[2]. Samila A.P., Lastivka G.I., Khandozhko V.A., Kovalyuk Z.D. Operational control of InSe and GaSe semiconductor crystals by the nuclear quadrupole resonance method // Physics and technology of semiconductors. - St. Petersburg, 2016. - Volume 50, Issue. 8. - S. 1055-1058. (In Russian)
[3]. Aksenov OI Gallium arsenide (GaAs), applications, devices. - Astrakhan, 2013 .-- 83 p. (In Russian)
[4]. E. M. A'vras, K. I. Burns, A. Denovan. Instrumental neutron activation analysis of high purity gallium, arsenic and gallium arsenide./ J. Radioanal. and Nucl. Chem. Art. v.160, No.1, p.77-84 (1992)
[5]. R. S. Liu, P. Y. Chen, Z. B. AlfassiI, M. H. Yang. Determination of the concentrations of trace and doping elements in GaAs by neutron activation analysis./ J.Radioanal. and Nucl. Chem. Art. v.141, No.2, p.317-326(1990).

Abstract: The current study shows that the values of potential energy decrease due to activation were also calculated in each case. The values of functions discussed here is found to be positive in each case. A comparative chart for the variation of different kinetic parameters of ethyl salicylate and ethyl benzoate in ethylene glycol - water dioxan water and ethylene glycol water systems are well-discussed and explained. Background: A qualitative prediction of rate in solution with the help of transition state theory has been made by Hughes and lngold in case of reactions of known mechanism. According to Hughes and lngold theory, "an increase in the ion-solvating power of the medium accelerates the creation and concentration of charges and inhibit their destruction and diffusion". Their theory is able to predict the rate of reaction in solution. For predicting the rate, they have made certain assumptions about the expected......

Key Word: Alkaline Hydrolysis, Ethyl Salicylate, Aquo-Dioxan Mixture

[1]. Srivastava, S and Gupta, V., J. Indian Chem. Soc; 83, 1103 (2006).
[2]. Swann, S. and Xanthakos T. S, J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 53 (1928)
[3]. Drummond, A. Y. and Waters, W. A., J. Chem. Soc; 3119, 3456 (1954), 217 (1955), 4312 (1957) 2129(1958)
[4]. Rama Krishnan, P. S.and Chockalingam, J. Indian Chem. Soc; 70, 583 (1993).
[5]. J. M. Redeout, D. C. Ayres, C. K. Lim, T. J. Peters, J. Pharmaceu. Biomed. Anal., 2(l), 125-128, 1984.

Abstract: The current study shows that all parameter was calculated using Wynne-jones and Eyring equation. In ethyl Benzoate ester, H0 and S° were found to decrease in water - ethylene glycol mixture. This may be due to greater desolation of initial state compared to the transition state. H° and S° were found to increase in water dioxan mixture whereas free energy was found to increase in both cases with increasing composition of organic co solvent. the values of potential energy decrease due to activation were also calculated in each case. The values of functions discussed here is found to be positive in each case. A comparative chart for the variation of different kinetic parameters of ethyl Benzoate and ethyl benzoate in ethylene glycol - water dioxan water and ethylene glycol water systems are well-discussed and explained......

Key Word: Hydrolysis, Ethyl Benzoate, Nitrogenous, Non-Nitrogenous Medium

[1]. Raghunath Rao, P. and Sundaram, E.V.Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. India, 1988 58(A)I, 37-42
[2]. Muhammod, S.S. and Rao, K.V.Bull. chem. soc. Jap., 1963, 36, 943, 949
[3]. Sharma, V.K., Sharma, K. and Mishra, U.Oxid. commun. 1988, II No. 3-4, 275-284.
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Abstract: The current study shows that the detailed kinetics of the oxidation of the acetyl acetone and benzoyl acetone experiments were obtained initially by N–Chlorosaccharin in acetic acid and water medium to obtain the conditions when the reaction rate is quantitatively measurable and the observed reaction proceeds very smoothly to proceed for completion. The effect of the initial concentration of N–Chlorosaccharin, effect of the variation of initial concentration of the substrate in the reaction, effect of the concentration of per chloric acid present in the reaction, effect of the temperature on the rate of the reaction and ffect of dielectric constant of the medium has been studied. Background: Oswal and Pathak studied......

Key Word: Kinetics, Oxidation, Acetone, Ester,N-Chlorosaccharin, Acetic Acid

[1]. J. M. Redeout, D. C. Ayres, C. K. Lim, T. J. Peters, J. Pharmaceu. Biomed. Anal., 2(l), 125-128, 1984.
[2]. K. Yamashita, K. Watanbe, H. Takayama, M. lshibashi, H. Miyazaki, J. Pharmaceu. Biomed. Anal., 15(1), 11-20, 1987.
[3]. M. A. J. V. Opstal, J. S. Blavw, J. J. M. Holthuis, W. P. V. Bennkom, A. Bult, Analytica Chemi. Act., 202, 35-47, 1987.
[4]. V. L. Demperio, J. Chromatogr. A, 952, 283-287, 2002.
[5]. C. L. Chen, F. M. Uckun, J. Chromatogr. B, 744, 91-98, 2000..

Abstract: The present method is accurate and rapid. In an ordinary laboratory, the reaction conditions can now easily be maintained. With varying sample size, the recovery of the sample is mainly constant within the error range less than 1.0%. The effect of variables was studied in order to establish the reaction conditions. Keeping the concentration of Chloramine- T reagent, the amount of Parathion (tech.) and acetic acid as constant during the studies of effect of reaction time, the reaction time was now varied from 10-30 minutes. Background: The determination of the concentration of some insecticides is specially shown as Organophosphate compounds. All these compounds are generally utilized as the insecticides. Particularly these compounds are suitable.....

Key Word: Water Pollution, Insecticides, Agricultural River, Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationship, Organophosphate Compounds

[1]. C.R. Barmore, G.B. Brown and C.O. Youtsey; Plant Dis; 68,43-44 (1984).
[2]. M. Pal. Indian Phytopath; 37, 548-550 (1984).
[3]. A.P. Sinha and P.N. Thapliyal; Indian Phytopath; 37, 154-155 (1984).
[4]. J.S. Kalra and H.S. Sohi; Indian J. Mycol. PI. Pathoi. 15, 256-260 (1985).
[5]. D.P. Singh and V.K. Agarwal; Indian Phytopath; 39, 278-279 (1986).

Abstract: The current study shows that the effect of variables was now studied in the order to establish the reaction conditions. As representative test sample Ziram (tech.) was chosen for Dithiocarbamate compounds. During the studies of effect of reaction time keeping the amount of Ziram (tech.), the concentration of acetic acid and Chloramine-T reagent as constant. Background: The toxicity and mechanism of action of dialkyl dithiocarbamates and mono alkyl dithiocarbamates are discussed in detail by various workers5-15. The toxicological effects like acute toxicity16, chronic toxicity17, reproductive effects18, teratogenic effects19, organ toxicity20, mutagenic effects21, carcinogenic effects23, ecological effects24 and environmental fate24-25 of Dithiocarbamate compounds have also been discussed......

Key Word: Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationship, Fungicidal, Water Pollution, Tetramethyl thiuram disulphide (Thiram), Zinc dimethyl dithiocarbamate (Ziram)

[1]. C.R. Barmore, G.B. Brown and C.O. Youtsey; Plant Dis; 68,43-44 (1984).
[2]. M. Pal. Indian Phytopath; 37, 548-550 (1984).
[3]. A.P. Sinha and P.N. Thapliyal; Indian Phytopath; 37, 154-155 (1984).
[4]. J.S. Kalra and H.S. Sohi; Indian J. Mycol. PI. Pathoi. 15, 256-260 (1985).
[5]. D.P. Singh and V.K. Agarwal; Indian Phytopath; 39, 278-279 (1986)..

Abstract: A series of novel Bismuth(III) complexes of some Nitrogen and Oxygen donar ligands like N'-(2-oxo-2, 3-dihydro-1H-indol-3-yl) benzohydrazide (L-1), 2-hydroxy-N'- (2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-3-yl)benzohydrazide(L-2), 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4,5-di- phenyl imidazol (L-3) and 2-(2-hydroxynepthyl)-4,5-diphenyl imidazol (L-4) were prepared in ethanol by the reaction of Bi(NO3)5.5H2O with ligands in 1:1 molar ratio. All these synthesized bismuth derivatives were characterized as monomer by elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR, UV-Vis, and Mass spectroscopy techniques......

Key Word: Bismuth complexes, Benzhydrazide, Imidazol, Chelating ligand, N, O donar Ligand

[1]. N.N. Greenwood and A. Earnshaw. Chemistry of the Elements, 235(1986).
[2]. G. Wilkinson, R.D. Gillard and J. McCleverty (Eds). Comprehensive Coordination Chemistry, 1–7, (1987).
[3]. L.J. Barbour, S.J. Belfield, P.C. Junk and M.K. Smith. Aust. J. Chem., 51, 337 (1998).
[4]. Bondi. J. Chem. Phys., 68, 441 (1964). R.D. Rogers, A.H. Bond and S. Aguinaga. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 114, 2960 (1992).
[5]. R.D. Rogers, A.H. Bond and S. Aguinaga, A. Reyes. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 114, 2967 (1992)..

Abstract: The stages of the method in this research are the production of fractionated clay, activation of carbon from lai skinsand immobilization of Lai Duriokutejensis (Hassk) Becc. in Clay. Then.adsorption of Co(II) metal ions was carried out using activated carbon adsorbents which were immobilized on clay using a batch method using concentration parameters of 5, 15, 30, 50 and 65 mg/L. The concentration of the remaining heavy metal ions was analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Optimum percentage of adsorbed metal ions was obtained at a concentration of 50 mg/L for 30 minutes. The adsorption type of Co2+ metal by immobilized adsorbent is Freundlich isothermal because the R2 value is 0.9009, while the adsorption capacity is 0.00945 mg/g and the adsorption energy is 11.704 kJ/mol so it is classified as a physical adsorption type.

Key Word:Adsorption, Activated Carbon, Clay, Lai, Co(II)

[1]. Svehla G. Vogel I Buku teks analisis anorganik kualitatif makro dan semi mikro. PT. Kalman Media Pusaka.1985.
[2]. USEPA. The incidence and severity of sediment contamination in surface waters of United States. National Sediment Quality Survey: Second Edition. Enviromental Protection Agency. 2004.
[3]. Lopes DA. Adsorption of heavy metals on blast furnace. Water Resource. 1997;32:989-996.
[4]. Filho NC and Venancia EC. Methilen blue adsorption onto modified lignin from sugar cane bagase. Ecletica Quimica. 2007;32:63-70.
[5]. Sasria N, Fahmiati dan Mashuni. Karakterisasi biomassa Saccharomyces cerevisiae yang terimmobilisasi pada lempung sebagai adsorben ion logam Ni2+. Skripsi Universitas Haluoleo Kendari. 2013.

Abstract: The current study depicts that the advantage of the present procedure using N-bromosaccharin over the other using N-bromosuccinimide is that it gives accurate results and less time consuming in case of p-aminobenzoic acids, diphenylamine and sulphanilic acid. Then there are uniform reaction conditions for all compounds. The only standard solution required is sodium-thiosulphate. Background: Aromatic amines arc widely used in the manufactures of dyes, drugs, explosive, resins, plasticizers, printing materials, accelerators etc. A large number of those compounds present in nature are responsible for their color and taste. In view of the fact that a large number of naturally occurring compounds containing aryl amino functions are of great practical and industrial importance, suitable methods for determination of these functions or of the compounds containing these functions would be of special significance to analytical chemists.....

Key Word: Micro Determination, Aromatic Amines, N-Bromosaccharin

[1]. W. J. Geary, Coord. Chem. Rev., 31, 19, (1964).
[2]. Joseph, B. Joseph and B. Narayana, J. Indian Chem. Soc., 85, 479, (2008).
[3]. Matrka, M., Chemic Prague, jo, 635 (1958).
[4]. Goupil, R. and Mangency, G, Chim.Anal., %1., 18 (1959).
[5]. Reis. M.V.. Sb. Nauchn. Tr. Samarkandsk. Med. Inst. Li., 1]7 (1956).

Abstract: The current study depicts that in case of o-hydroxybenzoic acid, hydrogen bonding present between o-hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, whereas in case of resorcinol, pyrogallol, and phloroglucinol steric hindrance play as important role, responsible for slow reactivity of these compounds. Background: Aromatic phenols are widely used in the manufacture of dyes, drugs explosive, resins, Plasticizers, printing materials, accelerators etc. A large number of polyphenolic compounds present in nature are responsible for their color and taste. In view of the fact that a large number of naturally occurring compounds containing phenolic function are of great practical and industrial importance, suitable methods for determination of these functions or of the compounds containing these functions would be of special significance to analytical chemists. A detailed survey of literature reveals that a large number of procedures for determination of organic compounds containing these functions are available......

Key Word: Micro Determination, Phenol, N-Bromosaccharin

[1]. Ma, T.S., "Organic Functional Group Analysis, by Micro andSemimicro methods", lnterscience, New York, p. 246 (1964).
[2]. Sarkanen, K. and Schuerch, C.,Ana1. Chem., 27, 1245 (1955).
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[4]. Konopik, N., Ost. Chem. Ztg., 55, 127 (1954).
[5]. Lane, E.S.,Analyst, So, 675 (1955)..

Abstract: Background: Welding involves the heating of metals to suitable temperature which produces coalescence. In the process fumes containing oxides of the metal and particulate matter are emitted into the environment. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out to assess air quality around welding workshops in Port Harcourt and Environs. Digital monitors were used for in situ monitoring of levels of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10),
gaseous pollutants (NO2, CO and SO2) and Noise. Nine welding workshops consisting of 5 outdoor and 4 indoor were assessed at 0 meters, 15 – 20 meters and 20 -50 meters (control) from the welding workshops. The
monitoring of air quality was done over a......

Key Word: Air Quality, Particulate Matter, Gaseous Pollutants, Noise, Welding Workshops

[1]. Akinfolarin OM, Boisa N, Obunwo CC. Assessment of Particulate Matter-Based Air Quality Index in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. J Environ Anal Chem, 2017; 4:4 DOI: 10.4172/2380-2391.1000224.
[2]. AWS (American Welding Society). Standard welding terms and definitions including terms for adhesive bonding, brazing, soldering, thermal cutting, and thermal spraying. ANSI/AWS A3.0M/A3.0:2010. Miami (FL), USA: American Welding Society.
[3]. AWS (American Welding Society), (2014). Safety and health fact sheet No. 26: Arc viewing distance. Available from: http://www.aws.org.
[4]. Antonini J. Health Effects Associated with Welding. Comprehensive Materials Processing, Elsevier. 2014;49-70.
[5]. CCOHS (Canadian Centre for Occupational Health & Safety) (2020). https://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/safety_haz/welding/fumes.html?=undefined&wbdisable=true#wb-cont