Volume-13 ~ Issue-12 ~ December 2020

Abstract: 2-Hydroxy-4-(1'-hydroxy-2',6',6'-triméthyl-4-oxo-cyclohex-2'-enyl)-but-3-enoic acid, a new megastigmane derivative, trivially named monanthosin (1), together with eight known compounds (chrysin (2), quercitrin (3), astilbin (4), heptulose (5), allantoin (6), heptitol (7), cis-N-p-coumaroyl tyramin (8) and trans-N-p-coumaroyl tyramin (9)) were isolated from the leaves of Monanthotaxis littoralis (Annonaceae). Structures were assigned by direct interpretation of their spectral data, mainly HR-TOFESIMS, 1D NMR (1H and 13C) and 2D NMR (1H-1H COSY, HSQC, HMBC and NOESY) and by comparison with reported values. The MeOH, EtOAc and n-BuOH extracts as well as compounds 1, 2, 4 and 8 exhibited variable antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The ethyl acetate extract and compound 4 were the most active samples among extracts and compounds, respectively. The ethyl....

Keyword: Monanthotaxis littoralis; Leaves; Annonaceae; Monanthosin; Antimicrobial; Antioxidant

[1]. Biba, V.S., Amily, A., Sangeetha, S., Remani, P., 2014. Anticancer, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Annonaceae family. World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3(3), 1595-1604.
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[4]. Mulholland, D., Naidoo, N., Hutchings, A., Lavaud, C., Massiot, G., 2000. Crotepoxide, a cyclohexane diepoxide from Monanthotaxis caffra. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 28(6), 595-597.
[5]. Liang, G.-Y., Gray, A.I., Thomas, D.W., Waterman, P.G., 1988. Polyoxygenated cyclohexane epoxide derivatives from stem bark of Monanthotaxis buchananii. Phytochemistry, 27(12), 3857-3860..

Abstract:Orotic acid monohydrate was found effective for the biotechnological production of lactic acid by Lactobacillus casei used and it could enhance the Amount/Concentration of lactic acid an extent of 7.158% in the discussed experimental conditions. Background: Organic molecules are the chemicals of life, compounds composed of more than one type of element, that are found in, and produced by living organisms. The feature that distinguishes an organic from inorganic molecule is that organic contain carbon-hydrogen bonds, whereas inorganic molecules do not. The four major classes of organic molecules include carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. It has been found that a few physiologically and pharmacologically active organic molecules are very dynamic.
Materials and Methods: Colorimetric determination of homolactic acid formed and molasses (substrate) left unfermented during the course of present investigation Search for Fermentation biotransformation of molasses pollutant to homolactic acid has also been studied. Biotransformation to homolactic acid has been discussed here. It includes chemical cleaning....

Key Word: lactic acid, beet molasses, Lactobacillus pentosus, Orotic Acid

[1]. Jin, B., Yin, P., Ma, Y., and Zhao, L., "Production of Lactic Acid and Fungal Biomass by Rhizopus Fungi from Food Processing Waste Streams", Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology 32(11-12):678-686 (2005).
[2]. Garlotta, D., "A Literature Review of Poly (Lactic Acid)". Journal of Polymers and the Environment 9(2): 63- 84 (2001).
[3]. Monteagudo, J.M., Rodríguez, L., Rincón, J., and Fuertes, J., "Kinetics of Lactic Acid Fermentation by Lactobacillus Delbrueckii Grown on Beet Molasses". Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology 68(3):271-276 (1997).
[4]. Schmidt, S. and Padukone, N., "Production of Lactic Acid from Wastepaper as a Cellulosic Feedstock". Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology 18(1):10-14 (1997).
[5]. John, R.P., Nampoothiri, K.M., and Pandey, A., "Fermentative Production of Lactic Acid from Biomass: An Overview of Process Developments and Future Perspectives". Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ctic-acid production, 74(3):524-534 (2007)

Abstract: Lactic acid is an industrially important product with a large global market. The current study depicts that the bioproduction of lactic acid by Lactobacillus casei was optimized using 21% molasses pollutant, 5.9 pH, 33°C temperature and 52 hours of incubation period along with some other necessary growth ingredients. Background: Molasses is a nicely thick as well as brown. It is converted to deep black. It is further converted to honey-like substance. It is prepared while the sugar prepared from the cane and/or the beet is finely processed. In many countries, it is then enjoyed, where it acts as a sweetener. It is the particularly used in England. Here it is called treacle. Lactic acid.....

Key Word: lactic acid, beet molasses, Lactobacillus pentosus

[1]. Jin, B., Yin, P., Ma, Y., and Zhao, L., "Production of Lactic Acid and Fungal Biomass by Rhizopus Fungi from Food Processing Waste Streams", Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology 32(11-12):678-686 (2005).
[2]. Garlotta, D., "A Literature Review of Poly (Lactic Acid)". Journal of Polymers and the Environment 9(2): 63- 84 (2001).
[3]. Monteagudo, J.M., Rodríguez, L., Rincón, J., and Fuertes, J., "Kinetics of Lactic Acid Fermentation by Lactobacillus Delbrueckii Grown on Beet Molasses". Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology 68(3):271-276 (1997).
[4]. Schmidt, S. and Padukone, N., "Production of Lactic Acid from Wastepaper as a Cellulosic Feedstock". Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology 18(1):10-14 (1997).
[5]. John, R.P., Nampoothiri, K.M., and Pandey, A., "Fermentative Production of Lactic Acid from Biomass: An Overview of Process Developments and Future Perspectives". Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ctic-acid production, 74(3):524-534 (2007)

Abstract: A new monosubstituted and a new unsymmetrical disubstituted carbonohydrazide derivatives were synthetized by successive condensation reactions. The monosubstituted derivative 1-(2'-hydroxy-3'-methoxybenzylidene)carbonohydrazide (I) was firstly isolated from the reaction condensation between carbonohydrazide and o-vanillin in 1/1 ratio in methanol. In second time compound (I) was used for preparing the dissymmetrical 1-(2'-hydroxy-3'-methoxybenzylidene)-5-(1'-pyridylmethylene)carbonohydrazide (II) by condensation with pyridine carboxaldehyde in 1/1 ratio. The structures of these new compounds were confirmed by elemental analysis, infrared and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy techniques. The two compounds were screened for their antioxidant activities by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazylhydrate (DPPH.) free radical assay. Compound (I) showed, in most cases, better antioxidant activities comparatively to those observed for compounds (II) for different DPPH. concentrations (0.1014 – 0.0127 mM) and for different concentrations of (I) or (II) (50 – 500 mM).

Key Word: Carbohydrazide, o-vanillin, 2-pyridine carboxaldehyde, NMR, antioxidant activity.

[1]. S. S. Tandon, M.-C. Dul, J. L. Lee, L. N. Dawe, M. U. Anwar, L. K. Thompson, Complexes of ditopic carbo- and thio-carbohydrazone ligands – mononuclear, 1D chain, dinuclear and tetranuclear examples. Dalton Trans., 2011, 40, 3466–3475.
[2]. S. Liu, L. Gelmini, S. J. Rettig, R. C. Thompson, C. Orvig, Synthesis and characterization of lanthanide [Ln(L)]2 complexes of N4O3 amine phenol ligands with phenolate oxygen bridges: evidence for very weak magnetic exchange between lanthanide ions. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1992, 114, 6081–6087.
[3]. A. Bacchi, M. Carcelli, G. Pelizzi, C. Solinas, L. Sorace, Trinuclear copper(II) complexes of bis(acylhydrazone) ligands. Structural analysis and magnetic properties of a sulfato-bridged hexanuclear dimer. Inorg. Chim. Acta, 2006, 359, 2275–2280.
[4]. S. U. Parsekar, P. Velankanni, S. Sridhar, P. Haldar, N. A. Mate, A. Banerjee, P. K. Sudhadevi Antharjanam, A. P. Koley, M. Kumar, Protein binding studies with human serum albumin, molecular docking and in vitro cytotoxicity studies using HeLa cervical carcinoma cells of Cu(II)/Zn(II) complexes containing a carbohydrazone ligand. Dalton Trans., 2020, 49, 2947–2965.
[5]. M. Zia-ur-Rehman, J. A. Choudary, M. R. J. Elsegood, H. L. Siddiqui, K. M. Khan, A facile synthesis of novel biologically active 4-hydroxy-N′-(benzylidene)-2H-benzo[e][1,2]thiazine-3-carbohydrazide 1,1-dioxides. Eur. J. Med. Chem., 2009, 44, 1311–1316.

Abstract: At first a number of resin copolymers were synthesised by reacting cardanol-furfural & O-Substituted aromatic acids, alcohols & ketones in presence of acid/base catalyst. Then poly chelats were prepared by reacting resin copolymers with metal salt solutions like, Cu(II), Zn(II), Ni(II) & Co(II) under suitable conditions. They are characterised by FTIR analysis, T.G analysis of some poly chelates have been carried out to understand thermal stable compared with their corresponding resin copolymers. The Physico-Chemical properties of polychelates also been studied.

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Abstract: Background: Addictive cigarette smoking and the subsequent flux of different cigarette toxins including heavy metals have been implicated in the etiology of many smoking-related diseases such as cancer, stroke, rheumatoid arthritis and coronary heart disease. With over 5,000 chemicals in it, trace metals in cigarettes may have negative health impacts on humans.
Materials and Methods: The heavy metal content of the filler tobacco of the cigarettes and non-smoked tobacco, were quantified by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Pearson bivariate correlation analysis was applied to assess whether there are any associations between each pair of metals, regardless of the manufacturer/source.....

Key Word: Heavy metals, tobacco, lead, cadmium, chromium

[1] Archanjo AB, Assis ALEMd, Oliveira MMd et al. Elemental characterization of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma and its relationship with smoking, prognosis and survival. Sci Rep. 2020; 10(1):10382.
[2] Jorde R, Stunes AK, Kubiak J, Grimnes G, Thorsby PM, Syversen U. Smoking and other determinants of bone turnover. PLoS One. 2019;14(11):e0225539.
[3] World Health Organization. WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2011: Warning about the dangers of tobacco Geneva: World Health Organization. [cited 2020 July 24]. Available from: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/44616/1/9789240687813_eng.pdf.
[4] WHO. Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2008: The MPOWER Package Geneva: World Health Organization. [cited 2020 July 30]. Available from: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/43818/1/9789241596282_eng.pdf.
[5] Abd El-Samad M, Hanafi HA. Analysis of toxic heavy metals in cigarettes by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis. J Taibah Univ Sci. 2017; 11:822-829.

Abstract:Marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) is a plant from the family Asteraceae, traditionally used as a medicine for various inflammatory conditions of the digestive system, skin, irritated mucous membranes, and wound healing.
The aim of this study is to determine the antioxidant capacity of Calendula officinalis L flower extracts sampled from the natural soil and soil with added Zn, Cu and Mn salts. The flower of Calendula officinalis L. was collected under natural conditions and on salts-treated soil (Cu, Zn and Mn) in the area of Petrovo and Banovici, Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). The determination was performed by the FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) method. The results of the study showed that marigold extracts grown in the open field, samples from Banovići, have the highest antioxidant capacity. While samples of marigold flowers grown on treated soil with salts of copper, zinc and manganese, samples from Petrovo, show less antioxidant capacity than samples in the open field.

Key Word: Antioxidant capacity, aqueous extract, flower, Calendula officinalis L., FRAP.

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