Volume-14 ~ Issue-5 ~ May 2021

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to find the extent to which Mpemba effect is possible and provide a collected sum of reasons that produce it. When hot water freezes faster than cold water then the phenomenon is known as Mpemba effect. Three major reasons which can help to understand the Mpemba effect are supercooling, Newton's law of cooling, and entropy. It is a topic which has been largely debated and till date no specific explanation has been there as to say why this phenomenon occurs. This research will help to provide a better understanding and showcase that there are several factors behind this effect (named above). Some physical conditions like evaporation and frosting also play a part. It is to be noted that Mpemba effect usually occurs under specific conditions of temperature, surroundings, and type of liquid used.

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[5]. Burridge, H.C.; Linden, P.F. Questioning the Mpemba effect: Hot water does not cool more quickly than cold. Sci. rep. 2016, 6, 37665. Doi: 10,1038/srep37665

Abstract:The purpose of this study was to investigate the interaction of a model anionic azo dye Congo red (CR) with gold ions and gold nanoparticles in aqueous solution at 23 C using UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. The gold nanoparticles were synthesized by a green method using an aqueous extract of cinnamon (Cinnamomom cassia). The cocktail of chemicals (cinnamaldehyde and linalool) in the extract chemically reduced the gold ions to gold nanoparticles and imparted stability to the formed nanoparticles against agglomeration. The synthesized AuNPs were characterized using UV–Vis spectroscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). UV-Vis spectrum shows the Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) peak around 536nm. TEM shows the spherical shape of AuNPs and....

Keyword: Green synthesis, Gold nanoparticle, Congo red, catalytic degradationof dye

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Abstract: The effect of Microdesmis puberula root extract on the corrosion of aluminium in 2 M HCl solution was studied using weight loss, thermometric and hydrogen evolution methods. Microdesmis puberula root extract significantly inhibited the corrosion of aluminium in HCl solution. The inhibition efficiency increased with increase in extract concentration and temperature. The experimental data conformed to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The spontaneity of the adsorption process was revealed by the negative values of Gibbs free energy obtained. Chemisorption process has been proposed for the adsorption of Microdesmis puberula root extract onto aluminium surface......

Keywords: Microdesmis puberula, Corrosion inhibition, extract, Langmuir isotherm, Chemisorption

[1]. Abakedi, O. U., Moses, I. E. (2016). Aluminium corrosion inhibition by Maesobatrya barteri root extract in hydrochloric acid solution. American Chemical Science Journal, 10(3): 1 – 10.
[2]. Obot, I. B., Obi-Egbedi, N. O. (2009). Ginseng root: A new efficient and effective eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for aluminium alloy of type AA 1060 in hydrochloric acid solution. International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 4: 1277 – 1288.
[3]. Olakolegun, O. D., Owoeye, S. S., Pladimeji E. A, Sanya, O. T. (2020). Green synthesis of Terminalia Glaucescens Planch (Udi plant roots) extracts as green inhibitor for aluminum (6063) alloy in acidic and marine environment. Journal of King Faud University – Science, 32: 1278 – 1285.
[4]. Arora, P., Kumar, S., Sharma, M. K., Mathur, S. P. (2007). Corrosion inhibition of aluminium by Capparis decidua in acidic media. E-Journal of Chemistry, 4(4): 450 – 456.
[5]. Akpanyung, E. O., Ita, S. O., Opara, K. A., Davies, K. G., Ndem, J. I., Uwah A. F. (2013). Phytochemical screening and effect of ethanol root extract of Microdesmis puberula on some haematological and biological parameters in normal male albino wistar rats. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 7(31): 2338-2342.

Abstract: This study deals with extraction, synthesis and characterization of surfactants from oil of Clarias anguillaris (mud fish). The oil was extracted using Soxhlet extractor and n-hexane as solvent while the synthesis of the surfactant was done by sulphonation method. To determine the quality of the oil produced, physicochemical analysis such as acid value test, free fatty acid, refractive index, density, total lipid and viscosity were conducted on the fish oil. The result showed acid value (7.18 mg/KOH g), refractive index (1.38), density (1160.70 Kg/cm3), viscosity (20.46 mPa.s) and total lipids (17.83 %) implying that mud fish oil is a precursor to surfactant. Instrumental characterization such as FTIR and GC-MS indicated that mud fish oil is rich in fatty acids. Surface properties analysis also depicted that the surfactants had good critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 3.0 mmol/L for MUD-25, 4.0 mmol/L for MUD-30 and 3.0 mmol/L for MUD-45 and surface tension CMC) values 31.0 mNm-1 39.0 mNm-1, 51.0 mNm-1 for MUD- 25-45 respectively and they compared well with standard, sodium lauryl.......

Keywords: Synthesis, Characterization, Surfactant, Sulphonation, Clarias anguillaris

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Abstract: The effects of halide ions Br-, Cl-, F- and I- in the multimetal extractions of Cadmium, Lead, Nickel and Iron from aqueous media buffered to either pH 4.75 or 7.5 using chloroform solutions of the Schiff base ligand 4,4´-(1E,1E´)-1,1´-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(azan-1-yl-1ylidene))bis(5-methyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-3-ol) (H2BuEtP) alone or in the presence of a second ligand1-(3-hydroxy-5-methyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) butan-1-one (HBuP) as extractants was studied. 2 mL aqueous solutions containing50 mgl-1 each of the four metal ions, 0.0001 M – 0.1 M of each halide ion and buffered to either pH 4.75 or pH 7.5 were mixed with either a 2 mL chloroform solutions of 0.05 M H2BuEtP or 2 mL chloroform solutions of 0.05 M H2BuEtP/0.05 M HBuP in a 9:1 ratio by volume......

Keywords: HalideIons, Ligands, MultimetalExtractions and Permittivities/Dielectric Constants

[1]. Abu-Dief , A. M. and Mohamed, I. M. A. (2015)A review on versatile applications of transition metal complexes incorporating Schiff bases. Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences. Volume 4(2), 119-133.
[2]. Chibuike,G. U. and Obiora,S. C. (2014). Heavy Metal Polluted Soils: Effect on Plants and Bioremediation Methods. Applied and Environmental Soil Science. (2014) 1-12.
[3]. Ekebafe, L. O., Ogbelfun, D. E. and Okieimen, F. E. (2012). Removal of heavy metals from aqueous media using native cassava starch hydrogel. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 6(7), 275-282.
[4]. Ekennia, A. C., Onwudiwe, D. C., Ume, C. and Ebenso, E. E. (2015). Mixed Ligand Complexes of N-Methyl-N-phenyl Dithiocarbamate: Synthesis, Characterisation, Antifungal Activity, and Solvent Extraction Studies of the Ligand. Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications. 2014, 1-10.
[5]. Godwin, J, .Inengite, A. K., and Chukwu, U. J. (2014); 'Effect of common acids and anions on the extraction of Iron(II) from aqueous solutions into chloroform solution of 4,4´-(1e,1e´)-1,1´-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(azan-1-yl-1ylidene)bis(5-methyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1h-pyrazol-3-ol)' International Journal of Chemical and Process Engineering Research, 1(7): 59-72.

Abstract: Imidazole was first found in the 1840s, and since then, there has been an explosion of research and development on compounds that are based on imidazole. This is due to the fact that imidazole has a wide variety of applications, including pharmaceutical drugs, agrochemicals, ligands, and synthetic acceptors, catalysts, and so on. Compounds based on the imidazole ring hold a unique position within the realm of therapeutic medications. Numerous imidazole derivatives are currently playing an important part in the treatment of a wide range of illnesses, and researchers are actively pursuing the development of new imidazole derivatives that have potential medical uses. Because of its unique structural characteristics, the imidazole ring is able to interact with a wide variety of enzymes and receptors in biotic organisms.

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