Volume-15 ~ Issue-6 ~ June 2022

Abstract: CuS nanoparticles are successfully synthesized via the co-precipitation method.The powder XRD confirmed the hexagonal structure. The averageparticle size of CuS nanoparticles were calculated by the Scherrer's formula andfound to be 2.71nm. TEM image indicated spherical shape with average particlesizeis6.89 nm. The FTIR spectral study confirmed the presence of S-O stretching, O-H bending, and S-S disulphide stretching vibrations. The EDAX analysis is done confirm the presence Cu and S in present nanoparticles. The dielectric constant versus frequency plot exhibited characteristic nature with decreasing value of dielectric constant with increase in frequency.

Keywords: CuSnanoparticles, powder XRD, FT-IR, EDAX and Dielectric study.

[1]. Q.Xu,B. Huang,Y. Zhao,Y.Yan,R.NoufiandS.Wei,Appl.Phys.Lett.5(2012)100.
[2]. L.Isac,A.Duta,A.Kriza,S.ManolacheandM.Nanu, ThinSolidFilms,9(2007)515.
[3]. T.Y.Ding,M.S.Wang,S.P.Guo,G.C.Guoand J.S.Huang, Synth. Met.2(2011).
[4]. H.ToyojiandH.Yao,Jpn.,KokaiTokyoKohoJP02173,622.
[5]. A.Korzhuev,F.Khim.Obrab.Mater.,3(1993)131.

Abstract: In this study the phytochemical screening of the plant Boscia senegalensis wasperformed.Boscia senegalensis is a shrub from the Sahelian areas belonging to the Capparaceae family.To carry out the practical part of our work, samples of a variety of Boscia senegalensis were obtained in the region of Saint-Louis (Senegal). This qualitative phytochemical screening revealed the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, proanthocyanidin and the absence of alkaloids, cardenolides and steroids. Secondly, the amount of polyphenols, flavonoids, pro-anthocyanidin saponins, minerals and protein are evaluated in the leaves and fruits of this plant..

Keywords: Boscia Senegalensis, Extraction, Polyphenols, Flavonoids, Proanthocyanidins, Saponins, Antioxidant,.

[1]. F.E. Awe, S.O. Idris, M. Abdulwahab, E.E. Oguzie, Theoretical and experimental inhibitive properties of mild steel in HCl by ethanolic extract of Boscia senegas, Cogent Chem., 1:1, 2015, 1112676.
[2]. M.T. Gueye, D. Seck, S. Ba, K. Hell, M. Sembene, J-P. Wathelet, G. Lognay, Afr. J. Agric. Res. 6(30), 2011, 6348-6353.
[3]. H. H. Daffalla, E. Abdellatef, E. A. Elhadi, M. M. Khalafalla, Effect of Growth Regulators on In Vitro Morphogenic Response of Boscia senegalensis (Pers.) Lam. Poir. Using Mature Zygotic Embryos Explants, Biotechnol. Res. Int. 2011, 2011, 710758.
[4]. D.S. Fabricant, N. R. Farnsworth, The value of plants used in traditional medicine for drug discovery. Environ Health Perspect. 109, 2001, 69-75.
[5]. D. Alviano, C. Alviano, Plant extracts: search for new alternatives to treat microbial diseases, Curr. Pharm. Biotechnol. 10(1), 2009, 106‑121..

Abstract: The phytochemical and antimicrobial activity of moringa oleifera leaf extracts was carried out on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia Coli. The effect of the extracts on the growth of the test organisms was determined using agar diffusion method. The ethanol, n-hexane and aqueous extract were determined at vary concentration of 0.1 mg/mL, 0.2 mg/mL and 0.3 mg/mL respectively. n-hexane and ethanol extract were found to posses more activity than the aqueous extract. They were found to have considerable inhibitory action against the tested organism. The phytochemical contents of the leaf extract revealed the presence of Saponins, alkaloids, tannins, whereas steroids, flavonoids and glycosides were lacking in n-hexane, aqueous and ethanol respectively..

[1]. Bhatia, R., Narain, J. P., The growing challenge of antimicrobial resistance in the South-East Asia Region - are we losing the battle? Indian Journal of Medical Research 132 (5) (2010) 482-486.
[2]. El-Wafa, W. M. A., El-All, W. S. M. A., Effect of Moringa oleifera Seed Oil on Antimicrobial Activity of some Antibiotics against some Pathogenic Gram-Negative Bacteria, International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 4 (5) (2015) 140-151.
[3]. Apetroaie-Constantin, C., Mikkola, R., Andersson, M. A., Teplova, V., Suominen, I., Johansson, T., Salkinoja-Salonen, M., Bacillus subtilis and B. mojavensis strains connected to food poisoning produce the heat stable toxin amylosin, Journal of Applied Microbiology 106 (6) (2009) 1976-1985. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04167.x.
[4]. Karch, H., Tarr, P. I., Bielaszewska, M., Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli in human medicine, International Journal of Medical Microbiology 295 (6-7) (2006) 405-418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmm.2005.06.009.
[5]. Fazli, M., Bjarnsholt, T., Kirketerp-Møller, K., Jørgensen, A., Andersen, C., Givskov, M., Tolker-Nielsen, T., Quantitative analysis of the cellular inflammatory response against biofilm bacteria in chronic wounds, Wound Repair and Regeneration 19 (3) (2011) 387-391.

Abstract: Natural thiophene and its compounds are a class of heterocyclic compounds having therapeutic potential. Thiophene is a natural substance that is synthesized to satisfy specific needs. It's become a critical pillar in the production of combinatorial tools for medicinal chemists. It is reported to offer a wide range of medicinal qualities, as well as several medical applications. In terms of physiological and biological qualities, thiophene is a highly effective chemical. Antihypertensive, analgesic, antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, biocidal, and anti-inflammatory activities, In present investigation naturally extracted four thiophene, 5-(3-buten-1-ynyl)-2,2-bithienyl (BBT), 5-(4-hydroxy-1-butynyl)-2,2- bithienyl (BBTOH), 5-(4-acetoxy-1-butynyl)-2,2-bithienyl (BBTOAc), and α-T (2,20:50,20- terthienyl) from flowered plants viz Tagetes erecta, Calendula officinalis, Eclipta prostrate, and Echinops echinatus Roxb. evaluated for free radical scavenging activities. Finding suggested significant scavenging response.

Keywords: Heterocyclic compound, natural and synthetic thiophene, antilarval activity

[1]. Chaudhary A, Jha KK. and Kumar, S, (2012) Biological diversity of thiophene review. Journal Advance Science Research, 3(3):03-10.
[2]. Mishra R. and Sharma PK. (2015) A review on synthesis and medicinal importance of thiophene. International Journal of Eng Al Science, 1(1):46-59.
[3]. Pillai AD, Rathod PD. and Xavier FP, Pad H, Sudarsanam V. and Vasu KK. (2005) Tetra substituted thiophenes as anti-inflammatory agents: exploitation of analogue-based drug design. Bioorganic Medical Chemistry, 13:6685-6692.
[4]. Russell RK, Press JB, Rampulla RA, McNally JJ, Falotico R, Keiser JA, Bright DA. and Tobia A. (1988) Thiophene systems: thienopyrimidinedione derivatives as potential antihypertensive agents. Journal of Medical Chemistry, 31:1786-1793.
[5]. Chen Z, Ku TC. and Seley, KL. (2015) Thiophene-expanded guanosine analogues of gemcitabine. Bioorganic Medical Chemistry and Letter, 25:4274-4276

Abstract: This paper aims to help following the future progress which is going to be made in the current understanding of the fundamental building blocks of nature. Experiments done in last few years that look backwards in time towards the big bang are covered and discussed, some understanding of what was happening in the first few fractions of a second after time itself started to exist is predicted from what has happened at the world most powerful particle collision in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).This paper ends up with some theoretical abstract ideas, through suggestions of ideas about the mathematics that underlies the current understanding of the universe. The basic idea of the fundamental particle reality is an excitation of relativistic Quantum Field Theory (QFT), was introduced starting from Hooke's law and wave mathematics with possible modifications of wave equations. The Quantum Harmonic Oscillator (QHO) was discussed as well as zero- point energy. The basic definition of scalar and vector fields are discussed, along with the concept of relativistic field. Finally, by combining the idea of quantum mechanics with concept of relativistic field to show that the particle is the smallest possible vibration of quantum field..

Key words: building blocks of nature, big bang, Large Hadron Collider (LHC), Quantum Field Theory (QFT), zero- point energy, Quantum Harmonic Oscillator (QHO), relativistic field, vibration of quantum field.

[1]. John Kotz, Paul Treichel, Gabriela Weaver (2005). "Chemistry and Chemical Reactivity," Cengage Learning. p. 333
[2]. Onyisi, p. (2012), Higgs boson FAQ, University of Texas ATLAS group, Retrieved, 8 January 2013.
[3]. Pfennig, Brian W. (2015). Principles of Inorganic Chemistry. Wiley. p. 109. ISBN 978-1-118-85902-5. Retrieved
[4]. Strassler, M. (2012) The Higgs FAQ 2.0 prof Matt Strassler, retrieved 8January 2013
[5]. Hawkes et al, "Deformation and electricity" in physics for scientists and engineers, 1steaition. Toronto: Cengage, (2014), pp 265-268

Abstract: 4-(4-vinyl phenoxy)-2,6-dichloro -1,3,5-triazine was synthesized by the treatment of 2,4,6-trichloro triazine with 4-hydroxy styrene with sodium hydroxide in acetone-water medium. 4- (4-vinyl phenoxy)-2,6-bis (4-formyl phenoxy )-1,3,5-triazine was synthesized by the treatment of 4-(4-vinyl phenoxy)-2,6-dichIoro-1,3,5-triazine with 4-hydroxy benzaldehyde in presence of potassium carbonate in the solvent medium of benzene under reflux for 25h. 4-(4-vinyl phenoxy )-2,6 bis (4-methanyIylidene malononitrile phenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine was synthesized by the treatment of 4-(4-vinyl phenoxy)-2,6-bis (4-formyl phenoxy )-1,3,5-triazine with malononitrile in presence of piperidine in the solvent medium of ethanol stirring at room temperature for 5h. Polymerization was carried out by the treatment of monomer with methyl methacrylate in the solvent medium of DMF in presence of catalyst AIBN at 1100c for 80h.

Key words: 4-(4-vinyl phenoxy)-2,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine, 4-(4-vinyl phenoxy)-2,6-bis (4-formyl phenoxy)- 1,3,5-triazine, 4-(4-vinyIphenoxy)-2,6-bis (4-methanyIylidene malononitrile phenoxy)-1,3,5- triazine, polymerization.

[1]. Kippelen B, Tamura K, Peyhambarian N, Padias AB, Hall Jr. HK. Phys. Rev B 1993, 48 (15): 10710.
[2]. Yu L, Chan WK, Peng Z, Gharavi A. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29:13.
[3]. Z hang Y, Wada T, wang L, Aoyama T, Sasabe H. Chem. Commun. 1996, 2325
[4]. Barrett C, Chowdhury B, Natansohn A, Rochon P. Macromolecules 1998, 31, 4845
[5]. Wright D, Diaz- Garcia MA, Casperson JD, DeClue M, Moerner WE, Twieg RJ. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1998, 73(11), 1490.

Abstract: The study was aimed to synthesized and characterization of two new amino acid Schiff base and the synthesized ligands was reacted with oxovanadium(IV) ion, and to evaluate the catalytic activity of the obtained complexes against the cyclooctene epoxidation, namely, 5-Chlorosalycialdehyde-alanine and 5-Nitrosalycialdehyde-alanine, Derived from condensation reaction of substituted salicylaldehyde with some amino acids; α-alanine, with a new alternative method, The development includes the use of 10-2 mole sodium hydroxide as a new catalyst, which is considered a new method of Schiff bases synthesis. For characterization purpose, Elemental analysis (EA),........

Key words: Oxo vanadium Complexes, Epoxidation catalysis, Schiff-Base, Characterization. Synthesis. IR spectra

[1]. Chohan, Z.H.; Sheazi, S.K.A. Synthesis and characterization of some Co(II), Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes with nicolinylhydrazine derivatives and their biological role of metals and anions (SO4 2− , NO3 − , C2O4 2− and CH3CO2− ) on the antibacterial properties. Synth. React. Inorg. Met.-Org. Chem. 1999, 29, 105-118.
[2]. Jayabalakrishnan, C.; Natarajan, K. Synthesis, characterization and biological activities of ruthenium(II) carhonyl complexes containing bifunctional tridentate Schiff bases. Synth. React. Inorg. Met.-Org. Chem. 2001, 31, 983-995.
[3]. Jeeworth, T.; Wah, H.L.; Bhowon, K.; Ghoorhoo, M.G.; Babooram, D. Synthesis and antibacterial/catalytic properties of schiff bases and Schiff base metal complexes derived from 2,3-diaminopyridine. Synth. Read. Inorg. Met.-Org. Chem. 2000, 30, 1023-1038
[4]. Drozdzak, R., Allaert, B., Ledoux, N., Dragutan, I., Dragutan, V., Verpoort, F., "Ruthenium complexes bearing bidentate Schiff-base ligands as efficient catalysts for organic and polymer synthesis", Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 249, 15, December 2005, pp. 3055- 3067.
[5]. Pariya, C., Jayaprakash, K.N., Sarkar, A., "Alkene metathesis: new developments in catalyst design and application", Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 168, January 1998, pp. 1-48.