Volume-7 ~ Issue-12 ~ December-2014

Abstract: The impact of an oil refinery process wastewater on the levels of mercury, lead, nickel, vanadium and cadmium in water and the associated sediment were investigated in order to determine the physicochemical quality of the receiving water. Samples were collected at two-monthly intervals from ten locations for a period of one year. Trace metals samples were prepared by acid digestion using 1:3:1 mixture of HC1O4, HNO3 and H2SO4 acids and those in water by solvent extraction using ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (APDC) and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK). Buck scientific model 200A Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer and air-acetylene flame were used for the analyses, except for mercury which was by cold vapour technique using sodium borohydride in a mercury kit.

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Abstract:The dumpsite soil sample were taken and analyzed by Tessier extraction procedure and the concentration of Pb in the soil samples was determined using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), Energy dispersive X-ray, Fluorescence (EDXRF) techniques. The result obtained showed that the soil samples taken from municipal dumpsite are having more Pb concentration than that of the soil samples taken form outside the dumpsite area. The result also indicates that the metal was distributed between oxides, carbonates and carbonate organically bound fractions and that EDTA extracted the substantial amount of Pb across the dumpsites.

Key word: Dumpsite soil, Lead, Municipal Area, Sidhi

[1]. Khairha, J., H. J. Habibah, I. Anizan, A. Maimon, content of heavy metals in soil collected from selected paddy cultivation Areas in Kedah and Perlis, Malaysia, Journal of applied science research 5 (12) 2179-2188 (2009)
[2]. Sharma, R. K., M. Agrawal and F. Marshall, Heavy metal contamination of Soil and vegetable in suburban areas of Varanasi, India Ecotoxical Environ, safety, 66, 258-266 (2007).
[3]. Uba, S., A. Uzairu, GFC Harrison, M. L. Bolarabe, and O. J. Okunola, Assessment of heavy metals bioavailability in dumpsite of Zaria metropolis Nigeria. Afr. J. Biotechnology, 7 (2) 122-130 (2008)
[4]. Yaman. M., N. Okamus, S. Bakirdere and I. Akdeniz Zn speciation in soils and relation with its concentration in fruits. Asian Journal of chemistry, 17 (1) 66-72 (2005)
[5]. Chamon, A.S., W.E.H. Blum, M.H. Gerzabek, S.M. Ullah, M. Rahman and M. N. Mondal, Heavy metal uptake into crops on polluted soil of Bangladesh, J. Comm. Soil sci. Plant anal, 36, 907-924 (2005).

Abstract: The spectroanalytical studies of VO(II), Mn(II),Co(II),Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes with the title compound (E)-N'-[2-Hydroxybenzylidene]benzohydrazide, as wellas antifungal and antibacterial activity of Cu(II)-HBBH complex were carried out. The complexes were characterizedby elemental analysis, IR,NMR,mass,ESR and TGA & DTA. The mode of bonding in these complexes has been suggested on the basis of analytical and spectroscopic data. The ligand coordinates to the central metal ion through oxygen of enolic form of carboxy hydrazone, phenolic oxygen and azomethine nitrogen atoms in VO(II), Mn(II), and Cu(II) complexes through the dissociation of two protons. While in Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes the dissociation of only phenolic proton is observed and hence the donor sites are oxygen of phenolic group, amide carbonyl oxygen and imine nitrogen . The Cu(II) complex exhibits lethal effect on gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli and fungal strain Candida albicans. It has also been observed that concentration of compounds play a vital role in the degree of inhibition.

Key words: (E)-N'-[2-Hydroxybenzylidene]benzohydrazide(HBBH), VO(II), Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complex, Biological activity

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Abstract: New novel derivatives of 1-((6-(4-chlorophenoxy) / (4-bromophenoxy) / (4-nitrophenoxy)-6-oxido-4, 8-dihydro-1H-[1, 3, 2]dioxaphosphepino[5, 6-d]imidazole-1-yl) methyl)-3-phenyl / (p-tolyl) / (4-methoxy phenyl) / (4-chloro phenyl) urea (7a-l as per Scheme-1) and were prepared by condensation of phenyl phosphordichloridates 6(a-c) with 1-((4, 5-bis (hydroxyl methyl)-1H-imidazole-1-yl) methyl)-3-phenyl / (p-tolyl) / (4-methoxy phenyl) / (4-chlorophenyl) urea 5(a-d).

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Abstract: The effects of sodium bromide(NaBr) salt and temperature on the aggregation behaviour of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) have been studied using conductivity data.Conductivity was observed to vary increasingly with both temperature and salt concentration. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of CTAB decreased with increase in the concentration of NaBr but increased as temperature increased. For example,the CMCs of CTAB in 0.0 and 10.0mM solutionsof NaBr at 30 °C were 1.68 and 1.50 mMrespectively while those of the same concentrations at 35 °C were 1.84 and 1.63respectively.It wasalso found that both salt and temperature influenced the degree of micelle ionization as well as the free energy of micellization. Results also showedthat the stability of CTAB micelles was enhanced by adding NaBr molecules.These observations have been discussedin terms of the electrostatic repulsion of charged CTAB head group.

[1]. Azum N., Naqvi A.Z., Akram M. and Kabir-ud-Din (2008). Studies of mixed micelle formation between cationic gemini and cationic conventional surfactants. Journalof Colloid and Interface Science, 328, 429-435.
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Abstract:The efficiency of four different acids mixtures were evaluated in the determination of total concentration of Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, Cr and Fe in sediments samples. The acids combination employed included nitric- perchloric acid (NP), aqua regia (NH), sulphuric- hydrogen peroxide (SP) and nitric acid. Sediment samples were taken from five different Lagos lagoon locations; mid lagoon (ML), University of Lagos (UL), Oworonsoki (OW), Ikoyi (IK) and Oko-baba (OB).

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Abstract: Refractive index is an intensive property of physical chemistry whose value is independent of the quantity of matter containing in the system. The measurement of refractive index and optical activity of organic liquids is of great important in physical chemistry. Specific refractive index of selected sets of organic binary mixture are calculated by Lorentz & Lorenz formula, and suggested DDJ formula of specific refractive index, the data with very little difference confirming that the applicability of the suggested DDJ formula is comparable to those of Lorentz & Lorenz.
Key-Words: Specific refractive index, Intensive property, Optical property, DDJ formula, Binary mixture.

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Abstract: Cinnamamides and its derivatives possess wide range of biological activities, and thus novel cinnamamide derivatives were synthesized by using heterocyclic moiety. All the compounds were characterized by on the basis of analytical data, IR, NMR spectral studies. Biological screening of the synthesized compounds is most important task which decides the practical utility of compounds in various fields such as medicinal and pharmaceuticals.The synthesized compounds antimicrobial activities were also evaluated. The preliminary results showed that all the title compounds had certain antimicrobial activities against S. aureus, Bacillus, and E.coli. at a different concentration.

Key Words: Aldehydes, Antimicrobial activities, Cinnamamides, Heterocyclic moiety, synthesis.

[1]. Pathan R U and Patil S L, Oriental Journal of Chemistry, Vol 24(2), 2008, 709-712.

[2]. Gregory N, Beatch Cindy, J Longley, Michael J, Walker Richard A Wall, Patent No US7, 687, 536 B2, mar 30, 2010, 1-36.

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Abstract: All mechanical equipment suffers from wear due to the time of use and exposure to contaminants that can damage its movable parts. One way to extend the life time of this equipment is through the use of suitable lubricating oil with different additives. Detergents, especially basic detergents, contain reserve base that will neutralize the acids to form salts. While this decreases the corrosive tendency of the acids formed at high temperatures. Dispersants also disperse sludge formed in engine operated at low temperature. In the present work, different metallic detergent/dispersant additives will be prepared via reaction of dodecyl phenol with calcium hydroxide in different ratios and different amounts of sulfur.

[1]. P. Ghost, and M . Das, "Study of the influence of some polymeric additives as viscosity index improvers and pour point depressants"; J.Petrol.Sci.Tech., 119(9), 2014,79-84.
[2]. X. Fernández-Pérez. , A. Igartua, R. Nevshupa and P. Zabala, Tribology - Fundamentals and Advancements: "Innovative "Green" Tribological Solutions for Clean Small Engines"; (Tribol.Int 2011), 727–736.
[3]. [3] S. George., S.Balla and M.Gautam, "effect of diesel soot contaminated oil on engine Wear"; Wear, 262(9), 2007, 1113-1122.