Volume-7 ~ Issue-6 ~ June-2014

Abstract: A novel 6-methyl-3-(1-(4-oxo-2-phenylquinazolin-3(4H)-ylimino) ethyl)-2H-pyran-2, 4(3H)-dione (MOPQIEP) was prepared and characterized on the basis of Mass, IR, UV-Vis and 1H-NMR spectral data. The solid metal complexes of the title compound were synthesized with chlorides of Co (II), Cu (II) and Hg (II) salts and characterized by Mass, IR, TGA, DTA, SEM, EDX and Magnetic Susceptibility measurements. The HyperChem.7.5 software was used for quantum chemical calculations using semi empirical method. The IR data and the energies of frontier orbitals and their corresponding contour maps of HOMO and LUMO for title compound were computed by means of single point PM3 method. 1H NMR data is generated by TANDO 1 method. The IR and NMR data computed were in good agreement with the experimentally recorded values. The pKa value was computed by employing ChemAxon software. The computed pKa value and contour maps of frontier orbitals for the compound under study envisaged potential binding sites for metal ion coordination. The spectro-analytical analyses of its metal complexes, revealed oxygen of carbonyl group from quinazolinone and enol oxygen of pyran through deprotonation and 'N' from azomethine group as donor sites. Further the title compound and its metal complexes were tested for biological activity. The studies revealed more pronounced antimicrobial activity in mercury complex compared to the candidate compound, while with copper and cobalt complexes the activity is not significant. The experimental studies on super coiled plasmid PBR 322 DNA carried out with the title compound and its complexes inferred that only Cu (II) metal complex has the cleavage activity.
Key words: TGA - DTA, SEM, EDX and DNA cleavage studies.

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Abstract: The inhibition effect of three nonionic inhibitors on carbon steel corrosion in 1M H2SO4 was studied gravimetrically and electrochemically. Increasing the number of triethanolamine units in the inhibitor molecules increases their inhibition efficiencies. The inhibiting action of inhibitors was attributed to their adsorption on the carbon steel surface and the formation of dense protective layer which increased by increasing their concentration. Polarization measurements showed that inhibitors act as mixed-type inhibitor in 1 M H2SO4 with a domain of anodic one, and their inhibition on carbon steel proceeded by physical adsorption. Increasing the surface activity of inhibitors increased their inhibition efficiency
Keywords: A. Carbon steel, B. Polarization, B. Weight loss, C. Acid inhibition

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Abstract: Our irreplaceable fossil fuels are fast diminishing. Therefore, an important precautionary measure will be to develop renewable energy sources. Biogas is renewable and an environmentally friendly alternative energy. This research work focused on addition of chelating ligands in order to improve methane gas yield, and decrease concentration of VFA produced within digester systems. The experimental analysis carried out involved the use of Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS), Biogas5000 analyser and other classical analytical tools. The concentration of trace metals presents namely Fe, Co, and Ni ranged from 0.001-0.050mg/L. On addition of chelating ligands, EDDA, NTA and DTPA, an increase in the CH4 yield was recorded which ranged from 2-15%. The VFA concentration was generally low with values for EDDA, NTA and DTPA given as 476.05 mg/L, 671.96mg/L, and 737.63mg/L respectively; with pH ranging from 6-7.5. The improvement in CH4 gas yield was due to the increased bioavailability of essential nutrients on addition of chelating ligands which invariably promoted the growth and stability of the CH4 producing bacteria thereby, improving CH4 production. The VFA values which were generally lower than 2000mg/L are implicated in the high methane gas yield observed

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Abstract: Corrosion inhibition tendency of four modified nonionic tannic acid derivatives containing dodecyl, hexadecyl, octadecyl and oleyl chains on carbon steel was investigated using gravimetric measurements, polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The effect of concentration and immersion time was studied. The results show that the synthesized inhibitors act as efficient inhibitor for the corrosion of carbon steel in 0.5 M H2SO4. Inhibition efficiency ( %) increases with the inhibitor concentration, and the maximum  % values at 400 ppm by weight are 94.4%-96.4% at 25 C.The adsorption of the different inhibitors on carbon steel surface obeys Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The inhibitors act as mixed-type inhibitor in 0.5 M H2SO4 and their inhibition on carbon steel is caused by physical adsorption (physisorption).EIS spectra exhibit one capacitive loop which indicates that the corrosion reaction is controlled by charge transfer process. The addition of the inhibitors to 0.5 M H2SO4 solutions enhances Rt values while reduces Cdl values.
Keywords: Nonionic surfactant, corrosion inhibition, acidic corrosion

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Abstract: The aim of this work was to analyse total phenolic content and resveratrol content in Thai Yadong to evaluate the quality of commercial Thai YaDong. YaDong were prepared by fermentation of ten herbal plants in white spiritual liquor and 80 % ethanol in laboratory, then total phenolic content was analysed by spectrohotometry.and resveratrol was analysed using high performance liquid chromatography. The result showed that each medicinal plant that extracted by ethanol and white spiritual liquor contained the total phenolic compound in the range of 2.00 -74.42 g/L and 1.20 – 76.82 g/L ,respectively. The 10 medicinal plants also has an important substance as resveratrol in the range of 0.2 -7 ppm. The laboratory YaDong showed the higher value of total phenolic compound content more than commercial YaDong.The total phenolic compound content in laboratory YaDong was in the range of 62.50 – 71.20 g/L, the commercial YaDong has the total phenolic compound in the range of 5.00-41.00 g/L.The resveratrol content in laboratory YaDong also showed the value as 2.00-4.20 ppm. The result proved that the commercial Yadong sold in the market contained total phenolic compound and resveratrol .
Keywords: commercial Yadong , herbal drug , reveratrol, Thai Yadong , Total phenolic content

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Abstract: The quest for food safety is very high in this era of environmental pollution. Incubation of the soil- metals was done in the laboratory for eight weeks to determine the effects of cadmium, copper and lead on some physical and chemical properties of soils sampled from six different cultivated land use in Abeokuta, Southwestern Nigeria in 2010 and 2011. The pH decreased from 7.01 to 6.65. The Effective Cation Exchange Capacities decreased from 5.97 to 4.26 C mol kg-1 under single treatments for the six locations. Single metal treatments produced additive, synergistic and antagonistic responses on the residual metals on incubated soils
Keyword: Heavy metals, Incubation process, pH and ECEC.

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Abstract: Polycresol p (o-cresol) has been synthesized by cyclic voltammetry technique in acidic medium using sulfuric acid as an electrolyte at 30oC. The electrosynthesized polymer was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The adsorption properties of the fabricated polymer were investigated for adsorptive removal of Pb (II) ions from aqueous solutions. Various physico-chemical parameters such as pH, initial metal ion concentration, and equilibrium contact time were studied. Optimum conditions were found to be 6 for pH and 4 h for contact time. In addition, the adsorption isotherms were obtained using Pb(II) solutions of concentrations ranging from 50 to 250 mg/l. The adsorption process was found to follow pseudo-second-order reaction kinetics and Freundlich adsorption isotherms.
Keywords: P(o-cresol); cyclic voltammetry; adsorption; lead ions

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