IOSR-JAGG   Volume-6 ~ Issue-4 ~ JULY-AUG-2018

Abstract: Detailed sedimentary textural and chemical studies were made for 47 samples, collected from 25 sampling profile across the northern part of Damietta Branch, River Nile, Egypt to arrive the nature of the bottom-sediments and their chemical status. The regional distribution of the textural composition of the examined sediments was found essentially consisting of silt>clay in the southern parts, muddy at the middle, and clay>silt toward the northern parts. The general textural distribution of the bottom-sediments reflects the general hydrodynamic depositional regime prevailing within the river branch. The geochemistry of the bottom-sediments provides an assemblage of cations and anions reflecting the multi-variant status of the geochemical-environment around the river-branch. The present trace elements (Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr, and Co) display variable concentrations enclosed in the bottom-sediments, proving unwise treatments with the river-branch. Vital environmental awareness and necessary rehabilitation are required.

Keywords- bottom-sediments, chemistry, Damietta-branch, textures.

Abstract: An important aspect of seismic reflection processes is the evaluation of subsurface velocity (Velocity Modeling), which is a major step in geological and geophysical interpretations; the values obtained are used to controls and check the quality of the depth of subsurface images obtained. One main limitation in velocity modeling is its non-uniqueness, because several velocity models can produce same subsurface images, thus several iterations is needed to generate a robust velocity model, although achieving a good well tie can be very challenging.This paper developed a velocity model ofthe study area (K-Field, Niger Delta Area) usinga layer-cake methodto create the required model.Seismic interpretation program "SISMAGETM" was used to build the velocity model for the area. Therobustvelocity.

Keywords- Modeling, Horizons, Conversion, Velocity, Depth, Kirging, Checkshot, Compaction.

Abstract: Eight (8) vertical electrical soundings (VES) were conducted at predetermined points to assess the extent of contamination of the water supply aquifersystems in New Owerri area. Lithological cross sectional analysis using electrofacies packages from geoelectric logsrevealedthat the underlying lithofacies are predominantly gravels, sandstones, clays and silts. The analysis of the four profiles: AB, CD, EF and GH revealed a transient (perched) aquifer system within the depth of 20.0 to 38.5 m.Gravels and sandstones, which constitutethe major aquiferous units, readily yield copious water to boreholes and wells.The 3 to 4 Geo-electric layers obtained in the study area also showed that depth to water..........

Keywords- Sounding, Contaminant, load, aquifer, attenuation, groundwater.

Abstract: The use of geotechnologies and the proposal of geoinformation on the areas of anthropic control are diverse, especially a generation of prognostic scenarios. Thus, a conceptual review is needed on a series of prognostic scenarios and expansion models of areas of use to compile the information and understandings about the current scenario of the Brazilian publications volume of studied areas. That is, predict the future of publications based on past and present. An important part of the development was between the generation of a scenario of prognosis and geography, showing the importance of geoinformation-supported planning to understand the changes of variables in the creation of a model that is linked..........

Keywords- Modeling, Horizons, Conversion, Velocity, Depth, Kirging, Checkshot, Compaction.

Abstract: Although the surface wave can serve a very useful purpose if adequately utilized to infer near surface information making use of the Multichannel Analysis of Surface Wave (MASW), it can also constitute serious menace to the entire body wave seismic data during acquisition and processing, if there is no deliberate plan to remove it during data acquisition. This research was carried out with the objective to examinehow shear wave velocity structure of rocks can influence the generation of surface wave. This will throw more light and facilitate the design of an effective means of getting rid of the menace of surfacewave at the level of data acquisition, when it is not needed forMASW analysis.............

Keywords- Shear wave, Surface wave, Velocity Structure, Amplitude, Seismic Method, MASW.

Abstract: Recordsoffour (4) seismiclinesfromMoonstone Oil-field Niger Delta have been interpreted forthe structures, anticlinalhorizons and faults present. Porosityand velocity Pseudo Sections were constructedand interpretedfor the observed structures. Velocity pseudo section was usedtoidentify hydrocarbon accumulationzoneby checking for sudden reduction (velocity break and discontinuities) in its value, and regionalcompactiontrends was deducedsince interval velocity value increases with depth. The Porosity Sections for seismic lines M-016, M-020, M029, and M-031 show changes in porosity variation with depth. For line M-016, porosity discontinuities...........

Keywords- Seismic amplitude, Velocity sag, porosity discontinuity, pseudosection