IOSR-JAVS   Volume-10 ~ Issue-3 ~ MARCH-2017

ABSTRACT: This study deals with the production of low salted and spiced dried product from anchovy fish (Stolephorus commersoni) using traditional sun drying process to achieve a reasonable shelf life at ambient tropical temperature. Proximate analysis, microbial safety, nutrient retention and product quality in terms of flavor and texture after Sun drying has been tested. This product has been subjected to storage studies, with respect to product quality and microbial status. It can be kept well for a period of 3 months...........

Keywords: Anchovy (Stolephorous commersonii), Spices, Herbs, Sun drying, Quality, Shelf life and storage.

[1]. Waterman, J.J. (1976). The production of dried fish. FAO fish report (F42), FAO, Rome.
[2]. Petrus PH, Suprayitno E, Physicochemical characteristics, sensory acceptability and microbial quality of WadiBetok a traditional fermented fish from South Kalimantan, Indonesia. International Food Research Journal; 2013.20(2), pp933-939.
[3]. Ministry of Fisheries and Aquatic Resource Development, (2013a) Fisheries statistics (2013). Ministry of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources.
[4]. Kent, G. (1984). National fisheries policy of Thailand, FAO Fisheries circular No 777, FAO, Rome, Italy.
[5]. CMFRI, Annual Report, 2009-2010,pp 29

ABSTRACT: Awkward posture, repetitive movement and forceful exertions are the major cause of muscular skeletal disorder in the agricultural activities. Harvesting of rice with local available sickle is most common activities in Odisha. The work stress and physiological variance among the male and female agricultural workers of 10 agro-climatic zone of Odisha have been studied. The demographic information and responses were collected from the workers. It was also observed that injuries of finger cut is most common among workers during the harvesting season while harvesting with local sickles. Keeping this in view Sickles have been collected from the ten different agro-climatic zones of Odisha and its performance was evaluated. The weight of the sickle varied in the range of 62 gm to 349 gm..........

Keywords: Ergonomics, Sickles , Working heart rate , Oxygen consumption rate.

[1] Alizadeh , M.R. and A. Allameh. 2013. Evaluating rice losses in various harvesting practices. International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences, 4 (4:894-901)
[2] Corlett, E. N. and Bishop, R. P. 1976. A technique for assessing postural discomfort. Ergonomics, 19:175-182
[3] Gite, L.P. 1993. Ergonomics in Indian Agricultural. A review paper presented in the International Workshop on Human and Draught animal powered crop production held on January 19-22 at Harare (Zimbabwe).
[4] Gite , et.al. , 2009. Anthropometric and strength data of Indian agricultural workers for farm equipment design, Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering , Bhopal.
[5] Tiwari R. et.al.2013. Ergonomic evaluation and economics of improved harvesting technology for farm women. International Journal of Scientific Research , Vol (2):554-557

ABSTRACT: These novel results indicate that embryos can respond directly to the environmental conditions they experience during development, but that their ability to do so is influenced by maternal effects such as parental diapause history. The results of this study not only provide evidence, for the first time, of parental diapause history affecting diapause proportions, but also raise additional questions about the mechanism by which environmental information is transmitted from parent to offspring and how offspring are able to respond to conditions experienced during their own development.........

Keywords: Diapause , photoperiod , mother , sensitive stage.

[1] Ahmed, U. A/M.; Shi, Z. H.; Guo, Y.; Zou, X.; Hao. Z.; Pang, S., 2006. Maternal photoperiod effect on and Geographic variation of diapause incidence in Cotesia plutellae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from China. Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology.
[2] Alvi, S.; M.; Momoi, S., 1994. Environmental regulation and geographic adaptation of diapause in Cotesia plutellae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a parasitoid of the diamondback moth larvae. Applied Entomology and Zoology 29(1): 89-95.
[3] Anderson, J. F.;Kaya, H. K., 1974. Diapause induction by photoperiod and temperature in the elm spanworm egg parasitoid, Ooencyrtus sp. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 67: 845–849.
[4] Ho, D.H. and Burggren, W.W. 2010. Epigenetics and Transgenerational Transfer: A Physiological Perspective. The Journal of Experimental Biology, 213: 3–16.
[5] MCwatters, H. G.; Saunders, D. S., 1996. The influence of each parents and geographic origin on larval diapause in the blow fly, Calliphora vicina. Journal of insect physiology 42(8): 721-726.

ABSTRACT: The paper is on cassava value chain mapping and gender role analysis in southeast Nigeria. The objective of the study is to map the cassava value chain and to analyze the gender roles. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 288 respondents which include cassava producers, processors and marketers. Focus group discussion (FGD) and personal interview were used to collect primary data. Data were analyzed using the functional analysis tool, qualitative analytical tool and tables..........

Keywords: Value chain, Mapping, Gender role, Southeast, Nigeria.

[1]. Adeoye,I.B; Omobowole,A. O, Sulaiman A.Y &Kemisola ,O.A (2013) Plantain value chain mapping in southern Nigeria. A Journal of economics and sustainable development .ISSN 2222-1700 (paper) VOL.4 NO 16.2013.
[2]. Ahmadu and Idisi (2014).Gender participation in cassava value chain in Nigeria. Merit research journal of agricultural science and Soil science (ISSN/2350/2274) Vol. 2 (11) pp147-153.
[3]. BNRCC (2011).Project Climate Change Scenero For Nigeria :Understanding Biophysical Impacts Climate Systems Analysis group ,A Report Published by The Building Nigeria Response to Climate Change ,University of Cape Town Rondebosch, South Africa.
[4]. Ekong, E. E (2003).An Introduction And Analysis Of Rural Nigeria, Dove Educational Publishers, Uyo Nigeria Pp316 -319.
[5]. Ezeibe, A.B, Edafiogho, D.O, Okonkwo ,N.A and Okide,C.C (2015) Gender differences and challenges in Cassava Production And Processing in AbiaState,Academic Journal vol 10(22)2259-2267.ISSN 1991-63x African Journal of Agricultural Research.

ABSTRACT: The selection and evaluation of solar heaters for trapping and using solar energy to disinfest legume grains are described. The effectiveness of five materials (cardboard, plywood, Perspex timber and metal) in collecting heat as temperature from the sun was investigated. two different linings materials were used to coat solar heater boxes aluminum foil, and black paint. Solar heater boxes were covered with clear plastic to trap solar radiation. Cardboard and plywood were the best materials to construct the solar heater boxes as they trap and retained more heat due to their high thermal diffusivity compared to perspex and timber solar heater boxes.........

Keywords: Vigna angularis, solar heaters, seed disinfestations, seed depth

[1]. Amin, N., Lung, C.W., and Sopian, K. (2009). A practical field study of various solar cells on their performance in Malaysia. Renewable Energy, 34(8), 1939-1946.
[2]. Banks, H.J. (1998). Prospects for heat disinfestation .Stored grain Research laboratory, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra.
[3]. Beckett, S.J, Fields, P.G, and Subramanyam, BH. (2007). Disinfestation of stored products and associated structures using heat. In Tang, E. M. J., Wang, S. and Lurie, S. (Ed.), Heat treatment for postharvest pest control. Reading: CABI.
[4]. Chauhan, Y. S., and Ghaffar, M. A. (2002). Solar heating of seeds-a low cost method to control bruchid (Callosobruchus spp.) attack during storage of pigeonpea. Journal of Stored Products Research, 38(1), 87-91.
[5]. Kitch, L. W., Ntoukam, G., Shade, R. E., Wolfson, J. L., and Murdock, L. L. (1992). A solar heater for disinfesting stored cowpeas on subsistence farms. Journal of Stored Products Research, 28(4), 261-267.

ABSTRACT: Cardboard and Plywood were the materials which used for solar heater boxes to control adult and developmental stages of cowpea beetle Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) according to their effectiveness in previous study on solar heaters. The effect of solar heat on hatchability, oviposition, 4th instars and mortality was evaluated. Adult mortality, hatchability, oviposition and adult emergence were significantly affected by solar heater boxes treatment. A temperature of 66.4°C was achieved in solar heater boxes within 15 minutes which caused 100% mortality of adults and 4th larval instars of C. maculatus compared to 0% mortality after 1,2 and 3 days for untreated adults.........

Keywords: C. maculatus, solar heater boxes, constant temperatures

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ABSTRACT: The effect of solar heater boxes on germination, moisture content and seedling characteristics of adzuki bean beans seeds V. angularis was determined using cardboard and plywood solar heater boxes. Results showed that, exposure to cardboard and plywood solar heater boxes did not show enormous effect on germination characters for adzuki bean seeds. In addition, experiment in oven was done for more verification. Exposure to temperatures of 40, 50, 60, and 70°C did not affect germination of adzuki bean seeds.

Keywords: Vigna angularis, solar heater boxes, constant temperatures, seed quality, adzuki bean

[1]. Bhalla, S., Gupta, K., Lal, B., Kapur, M. L., and Khetarpal, R. K. (2008). Efficacy of various non-chemical methods against pulse beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.).( ENDURE International Conference 2008 Diversifying crop protection, 12-15 October 2008 La Grande-Motte, France - Oral presentations)
[2]. Burg, H.B. (2004). Small-scal seed production; with variety improvemnet of cerials and pulses. In N. Edwin (Ed.), (1st ed.), pp. 835. Wageningen-Netherland: Digigrafi.
[3]. Chauhan, Y. S., and Ghaffar, M. A. (2002). Solar heating of seeds-a low cost method to control bruchid (Callosobruchus spp.) attack during storage of pigeonpea. Journal of Stored Products Research, 38(1), 87-91.
[4]. Creber, H. M. C., Davies, M. S., and Francis, D. (1993). Effects of temperature on cell division in root meristems of natural populations of Dactylis glomerata of contrasting latitudinal origins. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 33(3), 433-442.
[5]. Fery, R. L. (2002). New opportunities in Vigna. In,Janick,J., and Whipkey,A.(eds).Trends in new crops and new uses. Alexandria: ASHS Press.

ABSTRACT: The study on the two isolates of the fungus Pyrenochaeta terrestris that cause pink root rot disease on onion Allium cepa L., collected from Hudioeba in River Nile state and Islang in Khartoum State in Sudan, was carried out to elucidate the host plants of the fungus isolate.The ecological fitness of the fungus was illustrated by the fact that the pathogen could infect several species of plants (onion, garlic, squash, sorghum, French bean, faba bean, maize, pepper and cucumber), which might commonly constitute the crop sequence in the main onion growing areas. The visual symptoms were observed in onion, garlic and squash, but the other test plants were found to be affected in growth parameters if inoculated with P. terrestis without obvious symptoms.

Keywords: Pyerenochaeta terrestris, host range, different isolates,

[1] El Amin, I. H. (1999). Investigations on onion pink root disease in Sudan. Ph. D. thesis, University of Khartoum, Sudan.
[2] El-Saggaf, S. M. (1997). Studies on the pink root disease of onion Pyrenochaeta terrestris (Hansen) Gornez, walker and larson in Wadi- Hadhramout, Yemen. M. Sc. Thesis, University of Khartoum Sudan.
[3] Kreutzer, W. A. (1941). Host parasite relationship in pink root of Allium cepa and other hosts. Phytopathology 31: 907 – 915.
[4] Schneider, R. (1965). Identifying the agent of onion pink root, Pyrenochaeta terrestris in Germany. Phytopath. Z. 53: 249 – 254.
[5] Shere, A. F. and Macnab, A. A. (1986). Vegetable diseases and their control (Second edition). U. S. A. P: 454 – 455.

ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to determine seroprevalence of brucella infection in cows in Kafer El- Sheikh and Qualyobia governorates and evaluate the biochemical parameters of infected cows that reflect the effects of brucella infection on animal health and performance. A total of 240 blood samples were collected from cows (120 from kafr- El Shick and 120 from Qualyobia). All sera were tested by Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT), Buffered acidified Plate Antigen Test (BAPAT) and Complement Fixation test (CFT). Brucellosis antibodies were detected in 18 of 120 (15%) and 6 of 120 (5%) cattle serum samples collected from Kafr-El Shick and Qualyobia governorates respectively.......

Keywords: Brucellosis, Biochemical Examinations, Epidemiology

[1]. S.J. Cutler and R.R.Cutler, Brucellosis, the most common bacterial zoonosis. The Biomedical Scientist, 50. 2006, 336-341.
[2]. O.M. Radostits, O. M., C.C. Gay, D.C. Blood and K. W. Hinchcliff, Veterinary medicinem, 9th Ed., ELBS Bailliere Tindall, London, UK, 2000, pp: 870-871.
[3]. T. England, L. Kelly, R.D. Jones, A. MacMillan and M. Wooldridge, A simulation model of brucellosis spread in British cattle under several testing regimes. Prev Vet Med 63, 2004, 63-73.
[4]. WHO. Technical Report Series, Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee in Brucellosis, 5th Report,1971, 464.
[5]. G. Oktay, O. Salih and S. Mitat, Seroprevalence of Brucellosis and Leptospirosis in Aborted Dairy Cows. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 29, 2005, 359-366.

ABSTRACT:Acupuncture has been an effective aid method in human medicine in many circumstances. In animals, it has also been used for millennia by the Chinese, especially in horses and farm animals. More recently, in the West, has been increasingly widespread applicability in companion animals, especially in dogs and cats, as well as wild animals, to alleviate the painful conditions, and restoring health in acute and chronic diseases, for example, articular, neurological, dermatological disorders, respiratory, hemodynamic, and behavioral changes............

Keywords: Acupuncture, welfare, veterinary medicine, traditional chinese medicine

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[2]. M.V.O.Scognamillo-Szabó and G.H.Bechara,Acupuntura: Bases científicas e aplicações.Ciencia Rural, 31 (6), 2001,1091-1099.
[3]. D. Draehmpaehl and A. Zohmann, Acupuntura no Cão e no Gato:princípios básicos e prática científica(São Paulo, SP: Editora
Roca, 1997).
[4]. G. Macioccia,Diagnóstico na Medicina Chinesa:um guia geral(São Paulo, SP: Editora Roca, 2006).
[5]. M. Casasola, Acupuntura en Animales(Madrid. Espana: Mandala Ediciones, 1999)..