IOSR-JAVS   Volume-15 ~ Issue-5 ~ May 2022

ABSTRACT: The study was conducted in Goalpara District of Assam. Random sampling technique was used for selection of blocks, Villages and Proportionate random sampling for selection of banana growers. From the list of all the banana growers, 100 growers were selected using proportionate sampling method i.e. 31 Marginal, 33 small, 21 semi medium and 15 Medium respectively. For collection of primary data from the respondents' pre structured interview schedules were widely used. Secondary data related to the study were collected from various sources like Agriculture development office of the block, journals, magazines etc. The marketable surplus for Banana in.......

Key words: Marketable surplus, Price Spread, Marketing efficiency, Producer's share in consumer rupees.

[1]. Acharya and Agarwal, (1987). Agricultural Marketing in India, New Delhi: Oxford & IBH Publishing Co.
[2]. National Horticultural Board 2019-20.
[3]. Goalpara District Agricultural office, Assam, 783121.
[4]. Mali, BK., Bhosale, S.S., Shendge P.N., Kale P.V., (2000). Economics of production and marketing of banana in Jalgaon district of Western Maharashtra. Indian J. Agric. Mark, 17(1), 173-181.

ABSTRACT: Three storage pests Sitophilus zaemais, Callosobruchus maculatus and Tribolium castaneum were separately subjected to direct contact with powders of Romarinus officinalis and permethrin was used as a positive control in the bioassay. The insecticidal activity of the powder on each of the pests was determined by its toxicity. At 2.50 (wt/wt), of R. officinalis on S. zeamais highest toxicity was recorded at all periods of observations with no significant differences. Similarly, the results of activities of R. officinalis on C. maculatus at all doses significantly (P≤0.001) controlled adult C. maculatus when compared with the control. The treatment dose 0.25 (wt/wt) of R. officinalis on adult T. castaneum (P≤0.001) significantly effected control at all periods of observations. Regardless of the pest under study, R. officinalis at 2.50 (wt/wt) was significantly the most effective when compared with other doses in the bioassay except when compared with the level of toxicity of permethrin to any of the beetles under investigation

Key words: Rosemarinus officinalis, Sitophilus zeamais, Callosobruchus maculatus, Tribolium castaneum, Toxicity, Powder and adult pests

[1]. Abdollahzadeh, G., Sharifzadeh, M.S. and Damalas, C.A. (2015). Perception of the beneficial and harmful effects of pesticides among Iranian rice farmers influence the adoption of biological control. Crop Protection, 75:124-131
[2]. Alao, F.O. and Adebayo, T.A (2011) Comparative toxicology of botanical and synthetic insecticides against major field insect pests of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L) (Walp). Journal of Natural Products and Plant Resources, 1 (3): 86-95.
[3]. Atwood, D. and Paisley-Johes, C. (2017). Pesticides industry sale and usage 2008-2012 market estimates. Biological and economic analysis division office of pesticides programs office of chemical safety and pollution prevention. U.S Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC 20460.
[4]. Babarinde, G.O., Babarinde, S.A., Agboola, D.O. and Ajayeoba, S.I. (2011). Effect of harvesting methods on physiochemical and microbial qualities of honey. Journal of Food and Science Technology, 48(5) 628-634.
[5]. Babarinde, S.A., Adeyemi, O.A., Odewole, A.F., Yisa, S., Oke, O.O. and Adeyemo, A.O. (2016). Phytochemical composition and insecticidal properties of mechanically extracted castor seed oil against cowpea seed bruchid (Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius) infesting Bambara groundnut. Elixir Agriculture 92: 39086-39092..

ABSTRACT: For plants, light is one of the most important environmental factors representing the energy source in photosynthesis. Light is the basic signal that regulates the growth and development processes of the plant throughout its entire life cycle. Light condition (light intensity, light quality, and photoperiod) is one of the most important environmental variables in regulating vegetable growth, development, and photochemical accumulation, especially for vegetables grown in controlled environments. With the development of light-emitting diode (LED) technology, studies have become more common in order to regulate light environments and to provide ideal light quality, intensity, and photoperiod for indoor environments. The aim of this review is to collect the effect of different light spectra on the morphology and physiology of the lettuce grown in a closed system.

[1]. Adams, S., & Langton, F. 2005. Photoperiod and plant growth: a review. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 80 (1), 2-10.
[2]. Baek, G. Y., Kim, M. H., Kim, C. H., Choi, E. G., Jin, B. O., Son, J. E., & Kim, H. T. 2013. The Effect of LED light combination on the anthocyanin expression of lettuce. IFAC Proceedings Volumes, 46(4), 120-123.
[3]. Bian, Z., Cheng, R., Wang, Y., Yang, Q., & Lu, C. 2018. Effect of green light on nitrate reduction and edible quality of hydroponically grown lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) under short-term continuous light from red and blue light-emitting diodes. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 153, 63-71.
[4]. Bures, S., Urrestarazu Gavilán, M., & Kotiranta, S. 2018. Artificial lighting in agriculture. Bibliotecahorticultura, 1-42.
[5]. Chaves, I., Pokorny, R., Byrdin, M., Hoang, N., Ritz, T., Brettel, K., . . . Ahmad, M. 2011. The cryptochromes: blue light photoreceptors in plants and animals. Annual review of plant biology, 62, 335-364.

ABSTRACT: Soil fertility management is the key to optimize potential yield. Soil nutrient management cannot be précised if nutrient status of the field is not taken into account. A feasible way of optimum use of soil nutrients as well as applied fertilizer is Soil Test Crop Response based application with a targeted yield. Realizing the huge gap between Farmer's Fertilizer Practices and Soil Test Crop Response based application and to find out the relative economic advantages this study was carried out.......

Key Word: Farmer's Fertilizer Practice(FFP), STCR, Zea Mays, Field Level Demonstration, Target Yield.

[1]. Arun Kumar, Gali SK and Hebsur S.(2007). Effect of Different Levels of NPK on Gowth and Yield Parameters of Sweet Corn. Karnataka J. Agric. Sci. 20(1): 41-43.
[2]. Bera R, Seal A, Bhattacharyya P, Das T H, Sarkar D and Kangjoo K. (2006). Targeted Yield Concept and a Framework of Fertilizer Recommendation in Irrigated Rice Domains of Subtropical India. Journal of Zhejiang Univ Sci. 7(12): 963- 968.
[3]. http://sap.ipni.net/article/assam
[4]. Jayprakash TC, Nagalikar VP, Pujari BT and Setty RA. (2006). Effect of Organics and Inorganics on Growth and Yield of Maize under Irrigation. Karnataka J. Agric. Sci. 18(3): 798.
[5]. Liu Z, Yang X, Lin X, Hubbard KG, Lv S, Wang J.(2016). Narrowing the agronomic yield gaps of maize by improved soil, cultivar, and agricultural management practices in different climate zones of Northeast China. Earth Interact 20: 1–18..

ABSTRACT: At present, the youth are having different needs, aspirations and values of life and accordingly they perform their activities and participation. The development of personal, social, economic and spiritual aspects of rural youth are possible, only when their needs, aspirations and their participation are recognized early and guided properly. Hence, the present study was conducted to assess occupational aspiration of rural youth in relation to agriculture and allied activities and different factors responsible for aspirations of rural youth in Damoh District of Madhya Pradesh states of India. The major findings of the study are increase occupational inspiration of rural youths in agriculture......

[1]. Giuliani A, Mengel S, Paisley C, Perkins N, Flink I, Oliveros O and Wongtsc how ski M. 2017. Realities, perceptions, challenges and 100 aspirations of rural youth in dry land agriculture in the Midelt Province, Morocco. Sustainability 9, 871: 1-23.
[2]. Hadagali Vishwanath., 2013, A study on aspirations and participation of rural youth practicing agriculture and allied activities. M.Sc. (Agri.) Thesis, Univ. Agric. Sci., Bangalore. Dweep Kumar Ramjiyani, 2013, Attitude of rural youth towards agriculture as an occupation. M.Sc. (Agri.) thesis,Univ. Agric. Sci., Anand.DES.
[3]. Kazeem A. A., Dare A., Olalekan A., Abiodun S. E. and Komolafe T. L. (2017) Attitudes of farmers to extension trainings in nigeria: implications for adoption of improved agricultural technologies in ogun state southwest region. Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 62(4): 423-443.
[4]. Kudare S. 2012. A study on occupational aspiration of rural youth in relation to agriculture and allied sector in Dhar district of M.P. M.Sc. (Ag.) Thesis (unpublished), University of Agricultural Sciences, RVSKVV.
[5]. Rani Anshu and Rampal VK. (2016). Involvement of rural youth in agricultural activities in Ludhiana District of Punjab. International Journal of Agricultural Research, 50: 528 –534.

ABSTRACT: Background: An increase in the severity of drought events on Mediterranean climates highlights the need of using native species adapted to drought. Thus, we investigated morpho-physiological differences in Lotus ornithopodioides L., a forage legume species endemic from Mediterranean, for traits that could effectively discriminate species performance in response to water restriction testing. Material and Methods: Results: Greenhouse trials were set to study the effect of water deficit on growth parameters of Lotus ornithopodioides L.. A completely randomized design with two water......

Key Word: Drought, stem elongation, Dry matter production, relative water content, Shoot ratio of DM

[1]. Acuňa I, Luis S, Ma Paulina. Drought-tolerant naturalized populations of Lotus tenuis for constrained environments. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B–Soil and Plant Science. 2010; 60 (2): 174-181.
[2]. Bowles A, Paps J, Bechtold U. Evolutionary Origins of Drought Tolerance in Spermatophytes. Frontiers in plant science. 2021; 1068.
[3]. Clua A, Paez M, Orsini, H. Incidence of drought stress and rewatering on Lotus tenuis: Effects on cell membrane stability. Lotus Newsletter. 2009; 39(1): 21-27.
[4]. Escaray FJ, Menendez AB, Garriz A, Pieckenstain FL, Estrella MJ, Castagno LN, Carrasco P, Sanjuan J, Ruiz OA. Ecological and agronomic importance of the plant genus Lotus. Its application in grassland sustainability and the amelioration of constrained and contaminated soils. Plant Sci. 2012; 182:121–133.
[5]. Ferchichi A. Contribution à l'étude cytotaxonomique et biologique d'Artemisia herba-alba en Tunisie présaharienne. Acta Botanica Gallica. 1997 ; 144: 145- 154.

ABSTRACT: Arable farming of peanut is common in Sub-Saharan Africa. Most often, the processing is done domestically using manually operated decorticators that are ineffective, slow and time consuming. Most motorized decorticators used were mostly fabricated without considering some vital parameters such as the physical properties of the peanut, its moisture content and speed of the decorticator. This results in high kernels breakages and field losses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of a peanut decorticator scaled for domestic use in terms of the quality of kernels recovered at varying speeds. Three set of peanut input (1kg, 3kg and 5kg) were each tested at different decorticating speeds of 150, 180 and 200 rpm respectively......

Key Word: Peanut; Decorticating Speed; peanut kernels; peanut quality; decorticating efficiency

[1]. Ajayi O. K., Olaniyan M. O., Ayodeji A. J. (2016). "Design and fabrication of a domesticated maize shelling machine" International Conference of Science, Environmental Science and Engineering Technology (ICONSEET 2016), Federal Polytechnic Ede, (2016).
[2]. Alonge, A. F., and Kosemani, B. S. (2011). Development of a guinea corn thresher. In A paper written for presentation at the 2011 ASABE Annual International Meeting sponsored by ASABE Galt House Hotel Louisville, Kentucky. Paper Number: 1111268. (pp. 1–8). USA: ASABE. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.13031/2013.38497
[3]. Atiku, A. A. – Aviara, N. A. – Haque, M. A. (2004). Performance evaluation of a Bambara ground nut sheller. In Agricultural Engineering International: the CIGR, vol. VI, pp. 1–18.
[4]. Awotide D.A., Ikudaisi O.J., Ajala S.O. and Kaltungo J.H. (2015). "Input use and profitability of arable crops production in Nigeria". Journal of sustainable development, 8(3), (2015), 139-146.
[5]. Bano, S. and Y.S. Negi. (2017). Studies on cellulose nano crystals isolated from groundnut shells, Carbohydrate Polymers. 157: 1041–1049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol. 2016.10.069.

ABSTRACT: Background: Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic, vector-borne disease caused by the genus Leishmania and widespread in tropical and subtropical areas. The disease is infecting many species including humans and domestic and wild mammals. Although dogs have been found naturally infected by several species of Leishmania including species that infect humans, their role as reservoir hosts of these parasites is probably negligible and had not been investigated in several countries. To my knowledge, no study has been conducted previously to investigate the role of dogs as reservoirs for Human Leishmaniasis (Leishmania donovani) in Jubek State, Republic of South Sudan.......

Key Word: Dog, Jubek State, Leishmania donovani, PCR

[1]. Bonfim NESMT, Scott ALB, de Azevedo Calderon L. Leishmaniasis: Molecular Aspects of Parasite Dimorphic Forms Life Cycle. In: L. de Azevedo Calderonon (ed.), Leishmaniasis - General Aspects of a Stigmatized Disease, Intech Open, London. 2022. doi.org/ 10.5772/ intechopen.102370.
[2]. WHO. World Health Organization. Leishmaniasis. World Health Org Fact Sheet. 2016; 375. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/ factsheets/ fs375/en/. [Accessed 12 May 2022].
[3]. Alvar J, Vélez ID, Bern C, et al. Leishmaniasis worldwide and global estimates of its incidence. PLoS One. 2012; 7: e35671.
[4]. WHO/PAHO. Leishmaniasis. Communication materials/ Fact sheets. 2020. https://www.paho.org/en/topics/leishmaniasis. [Accessed 12 May 2022].
[5]. Burza S, Croft SL, Boelaert M. Leishmaniasis. Lancet. 2018; 392(10151):951-970. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31204-2.

ABSTRACT: Background: Banjar Regency is the 4th largest rubber producer in South Kalimantan. The agronomic action of rubber plant is one of the determinants of rubber productivity. The purpose of the study was to analyze the effect of agronomic actions of rubber plant on smalholder rubber productivity in the Banjar Regency.
Materials and Methods: The research method was a survey method by purposive sampling and interviewed 100 rubber farmers randomly. This research was conducted in the Districts of Karang Intan, Mataraman, Simpang Empat and Cintapuri Darussalam.......

Key Word: fertilization, tapping, pest management

[1]. Badan Pusat Statistik.. Statistik Karet Indonesia 2019.
[2]. Dinas Perkebunan dan Peternakan Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Statistik Perkebunan Kalimantan Selatan Tahun 2020.
[3]. Dinas Peternakan dan Perkebunan Kabupaten Banjar. Statistik Perkebunan Kabupaten Banjar 2020.
[4]. Darojat, M.R. & Sayurandi. Status klon-klon karet seri IRR hasil kegiatan pemuliaan indonesia dan adopsinya di perkebunan karet Indonesia. Perspektif. 2018;7(2):101-116.
[5]. Nugroho, P. A. Dinamika hara kalium dan pengelolaannya di perkebunan karet. Warta Perkaretan. 2016; 34 (2): 89-102.

ABSTRACT: Background: This study was aimed at investigating the influence of the nutritional history of the parents (Archachatina marginata) snails on the subsequent reproductive performance of their F1 offspring fed different levels of protein in the supplemental diets. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out between April 2020 to April 2021 at the Helvy Farms-WVED Cameroon located at Station-Bamenda. Data on subsequent reproductive performance were collected for 16weeks (January-April 2021). 150 sexually mature Archachatina marginata snails weighing between 68 and 78g, full shelled free of any form of injury previously.......

Key Word: Nutritional history, reproductive performance, snailets, Archachatina marginata, dietary protein level, survivability.

[1]. Omole, A. J., A. A. Taiwo, and J. A. Amusan. 2007. Technical Guide/Bulletin.Practical Snail farming Bora Agro Ventures, More Plantation, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ibadan, Nigeria.
[2]. Akinnusi, O. 2004. Introduction to snail farming. 2 ed. Triol as Esquisite Ventures, Abeokuta.
[3]. Ngwarh, P. T., A. T. Niba, and N. R. Banla. 2021. Effect of feeding different levels of protein supplementation on the growth performance of young snails (Archachatina marginata) in the Western Highlands of Cameroon. Animal Husbandry, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences 5:1-6.
[4]. Ngwarh, P. T., A. T. Niba, G. N. J. A., and N. R. Banla. 2022. Effect of Dietary Protein Supplementation on the Reproductive Performance of Sexually Mature Snails (Archachatina marginata) IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science 15:18-26.
[5]. Okonkwo, A. C., L. J. Isaac, N. I., and O. O. Usoro. Year. Effect of various feeding regimes on the performance of snails (Archachatina marginata). Pages 314-315 in Proc 25th Ann. Conf. Nig. Soc. For Anim. Prod. (NSAP), Michael Okpara Univ. of Agric. Umudike, Nigeria..