IOSR-JAVS   Volume-7 ~ Issue-9 ~ SEP-2014

ABSTRACT: Sun-drying is one of the most important low-cost methods of fish-preservation and the products provide nutrients to all categories of people through the world including Bangladesh. The study was conducted to obtain a better understanding difference between sun-dried salted (SDS) and turmeric treated sun-dried salted (SDS+T) Shoal fish-product in laboratory-condition by analyzing proximate-composition and pH using standard methods of analyses. In fresh-process condition, the values of moisture (%), protein (%), fat (%, ash (%)and pH value were 29.77%, 41.48%, 5.10%, 22.80% and 6.2 in case of SDS Shoal fish and 30.92%, 41.0%, 4.79%, 22.41% and 6.3 respectively in case of SDS+T Shoal fish product. During storage period, the values of moisture (%) and pH were significantly (p<0.05) increased 35.26% and 8.3 in SDS (165 days) and 36.98% and 8.2 in SDS+T (180 days) respectively. The values of protein (%), fat (%) and ash (%) content were significantly (p<0.05) decreased 38.62%, 3.81% and 21.44 % respectively in case of SDS Shoal (165 days) and 38.01%, 3.26% and 21.07% (180 days) respectively in case of SDS +T Shoal fish. Experimentally it has been proved that the fishes preserved in SDS +T has longer shelf life and has found better way for preservation.
Key Words: Proximate-composition, pH, Sun-dried-salting, Shoal, Turmeric-treated-sun-dried-salting

[1]. Srivastava, V.K. 1959. Limnological studies of freshwater bottom II. Qualitative composition and variation of the available food supply for fishes. Proc. Nat. Sci. India. 29:207-210.
[2]. Olomu, J.M. 1995. Monogastric Animal Nutrition. Jachem Publications, Benin City, Nigeria, pp: 165-200.
[3]. Kreuzer, R. and E. Heen, 1962. Fish Nutrition. London Fishing News Book Ltd., UK.,445pp.
[4]. Waterman, J.J., 1976. The production of dried fish. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper No. 160, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy, pp: 115-120.
[5]. Frazier, W.C and Westerhoff, H.I. 1998. Food Microbiology. Tata MeGraw Hill Publishing Company Limited. New York. 243-252.
[6]. Huss, H.H. Ababouch, L. and Gram, L. 2003. Assessment and management of seafood safety and quality. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper No. 444, FAO, Rome, 230pp.

ABSTRACT: In the present study clinical evaluation of canine mammary tumour cases to the Small Animal Surgical Out Patient Ward of the Madras Veterinary College Teaching Hospital, Department of Clinics, Chennai – 600 007 between September 2005 and June 2006 was done. During the study period of 10 months, out of 100 dogs screened for mammary gland involvement, 88 showed mammary neoplasms and 12 were non-neoplastic. . NAF (Nipple aspirate fluid) was attempted in 651 glands of 83 dogs, of which, 346 glands of 72 dogs yielded NAF. Out of 346 glands, 224 were asymptomatic NAF yielders were mostly 6 - 10 years (44.44 per cent). Pure breeds (73.61 per cent) yielded NAF mostly and 94.44 per cent were intact. There was 30.63 per cent yield from the inguinal glands. NAF was mostly creamy white, dirty, watery and sticky. Cellularity was moderate (52.89 per cent). Immunostained NAF smears revealed high epithelial:macrophage ratio in malignant type. Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) was taken from 144 glands of 101 dogs including one necropsy case, 93 were malignant and 14 were benign tumours. NAF findings correlated well with FNAB and histopathology in the diagnosis of canine mammary tumours (88.89 per cent).

Keywords: Dog , Mammary tumour , NAF , FNAB

[1]. Allen. S.W., K.W. Prasse and E.A. Mahaffey. 1986. Cytologic differentiation of benign from malignant canine mammary tumours. Vet. Pathol., 23: 649-655
[2]. Coles, E.H. 1986. Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 4th Edn. W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
[3]. Fleury, C.F., J.P. Magnol and J.F. Guelfi, 1994. In color atlas of cancer cytology of the dog and cat. Conference Nationale des Veterinaries Specialises en Petitis Animaux, Paris. pp.29.
[4]. King, B.L., G.M. Crisi, S.V. Tsai, B.G. Haffty, R.F. Philips and D.L. Rimm. 2002. Immunocytochemical analysis of breast cells obtained by ductal lavage. 96 (4): 244-249.
[5]. Menard, M., M. Fontaine and M. Morin. 1986. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of malignant tumours in dogs and cats. Can. Vet. J., 27: 504-510.

ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to analyze the amylose content of two types of white rice commonly consumed by Malaysians and determine its relationship with the glycemic index (GI) value. The two samples of rice namely White Rice 5% Broken (WR5%) and Fragrant White Rice (FWR). Nutrient compositions of the rice were analyzed. Amylose content of the rice was determined using colorimetric assay. The GI values of the rice were determined using a standardized protocol. Both types of rice had comparable nutrient composition. The amylose content of the WR5% (12.5±0.4%) wascomparable to FWR (11.6±0.5%), as the difference was not significant. GI value of FWR (124±16.4) appeared to be comparable to the WR5% (87±14.4), as the difference was not significant. This study may show that white rice categorized as lowamylose may have high GI value.

Key words: Amylose content, Glycemic Index, white rice

[1]. Aoki N, Umemoto T, Yoshida S, Ishii T, Kamijima O, Matsukura U, Inouchi N. Genetic analysis of long chain synthesis in rice amylopectin. Euphytica. 151, 2006, pp 225–234.
[2]. Barakatun-Nisak MY, Ruzita AT and Norimah AK. Glycemic index of eight types of commercial rice in Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Nutrition.11(2), 2005, pp. 151-163.
[3]. Barakatun-Nisak MY, Ruzita AT, Norimah AK, Nor Azmi K & Fatimah A. Acute effect of low and high glycemic index meals on postprandial glycaemia and insulin responses in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Malaysian Journal of Medical and Health Sciences. Volume 5 (1), 2009, pp. 11-20.
[4]. Bebakar WMW, Khir AS, Eu ALK, Zain AZM, Ngan A, Peng CS, et al. Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. 4th Edition. Ministry of Health Malaysia. 2009
[5]. Brand-Miller J,Pang E, and Bramall L.Rice: a high or low glycemic index food. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 56, 1992, pp 1034-6.

ABSTRACT: This investigation paper was discharged from the search project (No. 1-435-3065), with the same title, which was under the coast of Taif University, KSA. The work steps were done at Taif area, KSA, it was studied on 15farms, 1187camels and 45(farm workers) farmers. The farmers were 42.2, 31.1 and 26.7% with nationality Somalis, Sudanese and others. Camels were infected by superficial skin mycosis 19.2, also farmers were 24.4% infected by zoonotic superficial skin mycosis. The 11farmers infected had given 37specimens from their lesions area, which resulted 29.7, 18.9, 18.9, 16.2 and 16.2% from upper limbs, lower limbs, body, heads and faces of them. Results of Dermatophytes isolation and identification were 34.4, 26.6, 17.2 , 12.5 and 9.4% from upper limbs included spp. (T. unguium and T. manuum), lower limbs (T. unguium, T. pedis, Tri. verrucosum and Tri. rubrum), body (T. corporis, T. cruris, Tri. verrucosum and Tri. rubrum), faces (T. barbae and T. faciei) and heads (T. capitis). Results were 92.2 and 7.8% of T. and Tri. The results of Tinea spp. were 28.1, 17.2, 10.9, 10.9, 9.4, 7.8, 4.7 and 3.1% for T. unguium, T. manuum, T. pedis, T. corporis, T. capitis, T. barbae, and T. cruris, while Trichophyton spp. were 4.7 and 3.1% for Tri. verrucosum and Tri. rubrum respectively.
Keywords: Farm workers, Farmers, Superficial skin mycosis, Zoonotic, Dermatophytes. Symbols: No.: Number, Spp.: Species, T.: Tinea, Tri.: Trichophyton

[1]. Midgley, G., Clayton, Y. and Hay, R., 1997. Medical Mycology. Mosby-Wolfe, Chicago.
[2]. Jabłońska, S. and Chorzelski, T., 2002. Choroby skóry. PZWL, Warszawa, 72-73.
[3]. Adamski, Z. and Batura-Gabryel, H., 2005. Mikologia lekarska dla lekarzy i studentów. Wyd. Naukowe AM im. K. Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu, PP: 19-20, 30-45, 47-48.
[4]. Kuttin, S., Alhanaty, E., Feldman, M., Chaimovits, M. and Müller, J., 1989. Dermatophytosis of camels, Med. Myco., 24:341-344.
[5]. Agab, H., 1993. Epidemiology of camel diseases in eastern Sudan with emphasis on brucellosis, M. V. Sci. Thesis Uni. Khartoum. Khartoum, Sudan.
[6]. Wisal, G., Abdalla, G. and Salim, M., 2010. Isolation and identification of Dermatophytes from infected Camels. Sudan J. Vet Res., 25:49-53

ABSTRACT: The genetic variability in intra specific crosses of Indian mustard Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Coss. genotypes were evaluated during rabi 2009-10 to study the genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance as percentage of mean for nine quantitative characters viz. plant height (cm), number of siliquae per main branch, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, length of siliquae (cm), number of seeds per siliqua and seed yield per plant (g), days to 50% flowering and days to maturity. Analysis of variance showed significant differences among the crosses for all characters under study except for length of siliqua. Maximum genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was exhibited by number of secondary branches per plant followed by seed yield per plant and number of primary branches per plant. High estimates of heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for number of secondary branches per plant followed by seed yield per plant and number of primary branches per plant.

Key words: Brassica juncea (L.), GCV, genetic advance, heritability Indian mustard, PCV, and variability

[1]. P Singh, Studies on genetic variability and diversity of rice. Madras Agric. J. 70(7), 1983, 436-440.
[2]. O. Kempthorne, An introduction to genetic statistics, (John Willy and Sons. Inc. New York, Pp.545. 1957).
[3]. V. G. Panse, and P. V. Sukhatme, Statistical method for agricultural workers (2nd Ed. ICAR, New Delhi: 381. 1967).
[4]. G. W. Burton, Quantitative inheritance of grasses. Proc. 6th Internatinal, Grassland Congress, 17-23 August, Pennsylvania State College, Pennsylvania, USA, 1952, (1) 277-283.
[5]. G. W. Burton, and E. H. De Vane, Estimating heritability in all fescue (Festuca arundinacea) from replicated clonal material. Agron. J. 45, 1953, 478-481.
[6]. H. W. Johnson, H. F. Robinson and R. E. Comstock, Estimates of genetic and environmental variability in Soybean. Agron. J. 47: 1955, 314-318.

ABSTRACT: The objective of this research is to see the comparison of protein characterization from three kinds of Indonesia edible bird nest as they have not been researched before. This research would give us overall picture on protein characteristics of the three Indonesian edible bird's nests, so it could show their activeness compared to the white edible bird nest. This research was a laboratory research with three treatments and five parameters. Treatments in this research was conducted on three kinds of edible bird nest, the white edible bird nest (Collocaliafuciphaga), the black edible bird nest (Collocalia maxima) and the swallow edible bird nest (Collocalialinchi). Parameters measured in this research were protein content, glycoprotein content, SDS-PAGE (Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel) CBB (Coomassie brilliant blue) staining, SDS-PAGE (Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel) glycoprotein staining and LC-MS/MS(Liquid Chromatography-mass Spectroscopy/mass spectroscopy) analysis. It was an explorative research. The method used was trial method with randomized complete design (protein and glycoprotein content) and descriptive method. The analyses results on protein and glycoprotein content from the three Indonesian edible bird nests were different and presumably due to their different kinds of feed. Protein characterization using SDS-PAGE CBB staining showed protein band high intensity on various molecular weights. They are 140.8; 64.8; 21.2 kDa for the white edible bird nest, 27.1; 21.2; 15.2 kDa for the black edible bird nest, and 140.8; 116; 36.2 kDa for the swallow edible bird nest. Glycoprotein characterization using SDS-PAGE glycoprotein staining showed different results; 140.8 and 64.8 kDa for the white edible bird nest; 140.8 and 116.0 kDa for the swallow edible bird nest; 28.4 and 105.3 kDa for the black edible bird nest. Analysis results using LC-MS/MS showed the presence of glycoprotein in the white edible bird nest but none was found in the black and the swallow edible bird nest.

Key Words: edible bird nest, characterization protein, protein bird nest

[1] Andersen, M. T., and Nicolle H. Packer. 2014. Advances in LC–MS/MS-based glycoproteomics: Getting closer to system-wide site-specific mapping of the N- and O-glycoproteome. BiochimicaetBiophysicaActa 1844 (2014) 1437–1452.
[2] Gates, R., Rathbone, E., Materson, L., Wright, I. and Electricwala, A. 2004.Glycoprotein Analysis Manual.1st Edition.Sigma.Poole. England.
[3] Guo, C., T. Takahashi,. W. Bukawa., N. Takahashi., H. Yagi., K. Kato., K. I.-P. JwaHidari., D. Miyamoto., T. Suzuki., and Y. Suzuki. 2006. Edible bird's nest extract inhibits influenza virus infection. Antiviral Research 70 (2006) 140–146.
[4] Hamzah, Z., N. Hulwani Ibrahim., S. J.,K. Hussin., O. Hashim., and B. Lee. 2013. Nutritional Properties Of Edible Bird Nest. Journal of Asian Scientific Research, 2013, 3(6):600-607.
[5] Hidayat, R. 2001. Glycoprotein Characteristic of Extracted Water from GanodermaLucidium. Thesis. Bogor Agricultural University. Bogor.

ABSTRACT: A study was undertaken to evaluate the genetic parameters of some egg production traits in the Japanese quail. Two hundred and five quail hens were investigated for the traits under study. The mixed Model Least-squares and Maximum Likelihood Computer Programme of Harvey (1990) was applied to estimate heritability, genetic and phenotypic correlations of the egg production traits. The mean bodyweight at first egg was 145.68±0.74g. Mean age at first egg was 47.01±0.23 days while the average number of eggs laid per quail hen per year was 248. The egg production traits studied had low to moderate heritabilities with high standard errors. Part-period egg number had high and positive genetic correlation with age at first egg, annual egg number and annual egg mass. It was concluded that the egg production traits studied could best be improved through crossbreeding and family selection methods, and selection for part-period egg number could possibly improve annual egg number and reduce generation interval.

Key words: Japanese quail, egg production, heritability, genetic correlation.

[1]. Abdel-Tawab, S.K. (2006). The effect of selection for egg weight on some productive traits in Japanese quail. M.Sc. Thesis Fac. Agric. Al-Azhar Univ. Cairo, Egypt. 66pp.
[2]. Amhakhian, S. O. (2009). Evaluation of Phosphorus status of some soils in Kogi State Nigeria. Ph.D. Thesis, Edo State University, Ekpoma, Nigeria. 161pp.
[3]. AtKare, S. S. and Khan, A. G. (1998). Relationship between part egg production records, bodyweight and egg weight in IMW Strain of white leghorn breed. Indian J. Anim. Sci. 58:361-365.
[4]. Becker, W. A. (1992). Manual of Quantitative Genetics. 5th Edition USA, Academic Enterprise, Pullman. 189pp.
[5]. Bronislawa, C. J., Anna, J., Ewa, L., Artur, K. and Irek, M. (2008). Semen collection from Japanese quail using a teaser female. Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 32(1) :19-24.

ABSTRACT: Conjunctive planning of irrigation through bore wells, dug wells and water harvesting structures along with farmers' participatory approach in Pattamundai canal command area of Odisha could increase cropping intensity from 151% to 300% with high value and less water requirement crops. Interventions showed that during long dry spell period in kharif season and non availability of canal water, use of groundwater up to 20 % of the crop water demand could enhance crop yield up to 21 %. Utilizing water from dug well, for three crops (short duration paddy- potato/ radish- bitter gourd) in a year recorded highest net return of Rs 87368/ha against two crops (paddy - brinjal) without depletion of groundwater level. Further, highest water productivity (kg fruit yield/m3of water used) was observed in potato (6.67-8.41) followed by brinjal (4.06-4.42).

Keywords: Groundwater dug well, irrigation, canal command

[1] Anonymous,(2008). Report of Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of Odisha.

[2] Bredehoeft, John D. and Young, Robert A. (1983). Conjunctive use of groundwater and surface water for irrigated agriculture: Risk aversion. Water Resources Research, Vol. 19 (5), pp.1111-1121.

[3] CGWB. (2010). Groundwater Scenario of India, Ministry of Water Resources, Government of India, 2010.

[4] Cummings, R. G. and Winkle, D. (1974). Water Resources Management in Arid Environments, Water Resources Research . Vol. 10 (5), pp. 909–915.

[5] FAO Irrigation and drainage paper- 56, Crop Evapotranspiration (guidelines for computing crop water requirements)

[6] Foster S and Steenbergen F van, (2011). Conjunctive groundwater use: a 'lost opportunity' for water management in the developing world? Hydrogeology Journal. DOI 10.1007/s10040-011-0734-1.

[7] Khepar, S. D. and Chaturvedi, M. C. (1982). Optimum cropping and groundwater management, Water Resources Bulletin. Vol. 18(4), 655–660.

ABSTRACT: The life cycle and development of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, was studied in the roots of sweetpotato (CV TIS4400-2) in a screen house. Three-week old sweetpotato seedlings grown in 16 litre polyethylene pots containing 15 litre steam-sterilized sandy loam soil were each inoculated with 5,000 eggs of M. incognita. Twenty four hours later, and subsequently on a daily basis, two seedlings were randomly uprooted and the roots were cleaned and stained using lactoglycerol method and were examined for nematode penetration and stages of nematode development. The development of M. incognita spanned 30 days at a temperature range of 21.33±0.13oC to 28.36±0.26oC : egg to second stage juvenile (J2) (2 days); J2 to third stage juvenile (J3) (10 days); J3 to fourth stage juvenile (J4) (2 days); J4 to young adult (2 days) and young adult to adult females with 441±9.7 eggs (14 days).
Key words: Life cycle, development, Meloidogyne incognita, sweetpotato,

[1]. Adesiyan,S.O, F.E. Caveness, M.O. Adeniji and B.Fawole (1990). Nematode pests of tropical crops. Heinemann Education Book (Nigeria) Limited. 114pp
[2]. Akoroda, M (2009). Sweetpotato in West Africa. In: The Sweetpotato. G. Loebestein, G. Thottappilly (eds.). Springer Science + Business Media B.V .2009. pp 441-468.
[3]. Anon. (1978) Pests control in Tropical Root crops. PANS Manual No.4. 233pp
[4]. Austin, D.F. (1988).The Taxonomy, evolution and genetic diversity of Sweetpotato and related wild species Pp. 27-60 in: Exploration, Maintenance and utilization of Sweetpotato Genetic resources: Report of the 1st Sweetpotato Planning Conference.Feb, 1987, Lima, Peru, CIP.
[5]. Bridge, J., Page, S and Jordan, S (1982) An Improved Method for staining nematodes in roots. Reports of Rothamsted Experimental Station for 1981, Part 1, 171

• Citation
• Abstract
• Reference
• Full PDF

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Probiotic supplementation in alleviating stress in broiler chicken
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Karthiayini . K , Philomina , P.T
	:	10.9790/2380-07935458

ABSTRACT: A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of probiotic supplementation in alleviating overcrowding stress and improving production performance in broiler chicken. The study was conducted in two phases, Phase I – in summer season, Phase II – in rainy season. In each phase 36 birds of one month of age was used for the study. Results of the study revealed that, in both phases of study overcrowding reduced the weekly body weight. Average weekly body weight gain was not affected by overcrowding. The weekly feed intake of birds reduced without much effect on body weight gain which thereby improved the feed efficiency. Probiotic supplementation further improved the feed efficiency. Overcrowding (348 cm2/bird) increased the H/L ratio of birds which was indicative of stress. The H/L ratio of 0.81 noticed in eight week old birds in summer indicated severe stress in them. In eight week old birds reared in summer the stress was more than those reared in rainy season. Probiotic supplementation was very effective in reducing stress and improving production during summer season.

Keywords: Broiler, stress, probiotic, production

[1]. F.A.O. 2011.http:// www.faostat. fao. org.
[2]. Rosales, A. G.. Managing Stress in Broiler Breeders: A Review. Journal of Applied Poultry Research. 1994, 3(2):199-207.
[3]. BIS. 1992. Bureau of Indian Standards. Requirements for chicken feeds.IS: 1374-1992, Manak
[4]. A.O.A.C. 1990. Official methods of analysis. Fifteenth edition. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington D.C, p. 684.
[5]. Gross, W.B. and Siegel, P.B Evaluation of the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio as a measure of stress in chickens. Avian Diseases. 1983, 27, 972-979.
[6]. Yalcin, S., Ozkan, S., Acikgoz, Z. and Ozkan, K. Effect of dietary Methionine on performance, carcass characteristic and breast meat composition of heterozygous naked neck birds under spring and summer conditions. British Poultry Science. 1999, 40, 688-694.