IOSR-JAVS   Volume-9 ~ Issue-1 ~ JAN-2016

ABSTRACT:India is the second largest producer of vegetable in the world (ranks next to China only). India share 12 percent of world production of vegetable with a productivity of about 15 tons per ha which is quite low as compared to many countries. In India transplanting of vegetable seedling is done manually all over the country, as no machine is yet available commercially for this work. High labour requirement and shortage of labour during peak transplanting season causes delay in transplanting and affects timely operation. To meet the requirements of a vegetable transplanter a semi-automatic two-row tractor drawn vegetable transplanter developed at PAU, Ludhiana.

[1]. Craciun V and Balan O (2005). Technological design of a new transplanting machine for seedling. J. Central Eur.Agric. 7 (1):164.
[2]. Singh, H P. (2007) P residential address by Dr. H. P. Singh DDG (Hort.).ICAR XXV group meeting of AICRP (Vegetable crops) 3-6 May.
[3]. Manes G S Dixit Anoop, Singh Surender, Singh Kulbir and Ahuja S S (2008). Design, development and evaluation of tractor operated two row/three row vegetable transplanter for brinjal, cauliflower and tomato. Biannual progress reprt of AICRP on FIM presented in FIM workshop at IIT kharagpur, India on 18-21 December.
[4]. Mandhar S C and Hebbar S S (2008). Design and development of raised bed former cum transplanters and planters for chilli and other vegetable crops. A paper presented at 42nd annual convention and symposium of ISAE held at CIAE, Bhopal during 1-3 Feb., 2008.
[5]. Kumar, D. (2013). Performance evaluation of tractor operated two-row vegetable transplanter. Thesis of master of technology. Sam Higginbottom institute of agriculture, technology and sciences, Allahabad – 211007. (U.P.), India

ABSTRACT: An experiment wascarriedouton yield response of tomato (Lycopersiconesculentum Mill.) under different combination of manures and fertilizers at Hogladanga village under the Batiaghataupazila of Khulna district during November, 2013 to March, 2014. Theexperiment was set up in a Randomized CompleteBlock Design(RCBD) with threereplications.Theexperimentconsistedof seventreatments.Thetreatmentswere

[1] A. B. Olayinka, H. A. Akintoye and B. Olasnmi. Effect of differen sources of nitrogen on growth and yield of Solanum mcrocarpon in derived savanna of Nigeria. Journal of Agronomy, 5(2), 2006: 182-185. [2] B. M. Rodge and S. S. Yadlod, S. S. Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of tomato (Lycopersiconesculentum Mill.). Asian Journal of Horticulture, 4(1), 2009: 221-224. [3] BBS. Yearly Statistical Book. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Dhaka Bangladesh. 2012:144. [4] C. A. Edwards and I. Burrows. The potential of earthworm composts as plant growth media in Neuhauser, C.A. (Ed.), Earthworms in Environmental and Waste Management. SPB Academic Publishing, The Hague, the Netherlands, 1988: 211-220. [5] F. H. Barrios-Masias, M. I. Cantwell and L. E. Jackson. Cultivar mixtures of processing tomato in an organic agroecosystem. Organic Agriculture, 1, 2011: 17-30. [6] FAO. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Soil survey project of Bangladesh. Soil resources technical report, 1988:101-159.

ABSTRACT: A trial was conducted to study the effect of White rot Fungi ( Pleurotus tuber-regium ) degraded cassava peels (FDCP) on haematological indices of lactating WAD ewes. Fifteen lactating WAD ewes, arranged in a completely randomized design, with 5 treatments and three replicates, were used. The treatments comprised; a control diet ( T1 ) containing 32 % un-degraded cassava peels (UDCP) and Four (4) graded levels of FDCP diets; T2, T3, T4 and T5 with 8%, 16%, 24% and 32% levels of inclusion, respectively. The experimental animals were each fed 500 g of the diets between 8:00 – 12:00 hours and thereafter allowed access to natural pasture dominated by A. tectorum throughout the period of the trial

[1]. Akinfemi, A., Babayemi, O.J. and Jonathan, S.G. (2009). Bioconversion of maize husk into value added ruminant feed by using white rot fungus. Revista UDO Agricola 9(4): 972 –978.
[2]. Asaniyan, E.K., Agbede, J.O. and Laseinde, E.A.O. (2007). Influence of stocking density on the haemalogical indices of broiler chickens raised on different litters. Trop. J. Animal Science. Vol.10, Nos 1 – 2 : 41 -45.
[3]. Awoniyi, T.A.M., Adebayo, I.A. and Aletor, V.A. (2004). A study of some erythrocyte indices bacteriological analysis of broiler raised on maggot-meal based diets. International Journal of Poultry Science, 3 (6): 386 – 390.
[4]. Bakar, R.I., Carter, A. H. and Beatson, P. R. (1975). Progeny testing Angus Hereford bulls for growth performance. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Anim. Production. 35: 103 – 111.
[5]. Bamikole, M.A., Ikhatua, U. J., Arigbede, O. M., Babayemim O. J. and Etela, I. (2004). An evaluation of the acceptability of some nutritive and anti-nutritive components and dry matter degradation of the five species ficus. Trop. Anim. Health prod. 26: 157-167.
[6]. Belewu, M. A. and Belewu, K. Y. (2005). Cultivation of mushroom (Vovariella volvacea) on banana leaves. African Journal of Biotechnology. 4 (12): 1401 – 1403.

ABSTRACT: Absence of external auditory ear canal, or aural atresia is not a common condition in goats. The present study reports on a rare case of aural atresia with microtia in a kid. Genetic attributes have been made to microtia. Absence of external auditory ear canal with microtia in the present case is congenital as it was seen from birth.

Keywords: Goat, Absence of external auditory ear canal, microtia

[1] J. D. Swartz and E. N. Faerber, Congenital malformations of the external and middle ear: High-resolution CT findings of surgical import, American Journal of Neuroradiology, 6, 1985, 71-76.

[2] P. M. Pares-Casanova, No Morphologic Differences in Microtic Ewes from Guatemala, Global Journal of Animal Scientific Research, 3,2015, 287-292.

[3] K. Schmidt, T. Piaia, G. Bertolini, D and De Lorenzi. External auditory canal atresia of probable congenital origin in a dog. Journal of Small Animal Practice, 48, 2007, 233-236.

[4] H. W. Boothe, H. P. Hobson and D. E .McDonald, Treatment of traumatic separation of the auricular and annular cartilages without ablation: Results in five dogs. Veterinary Surgery. 25, 1996,376-379.

[5] R.Beraud, Surgical management of 2 different presentations of ear canal atresia in dogs, Canadian Veterinary Journal, 53, 2012,412-418.

ABSTRACT: A study was carried out to evaluate the effect of enzyme supplementation (Multi-enzymes :Cellulose -400units/g; Xylanse-2000 units/g), Pectinase-600 units/g, Protease-2000units/g) in diets with 5% and 10% energy and protein deficient diets on the morphology of intestines in broiler chickens for 42 days. At 3rd and 6th week of study, ileal contents were assessed for microbial counts and small intestines for morphology. The microbial counts were comparable among all the treatment groups with non-significant reduction compared to control diet. The mean length of the small intestine of treatment groups was significantly reduced compared to control.

[1] Anyanwu, S.O., Uchegbu, M.C. and Manilla, H.O. Conventional and unconventional feed stuffs in poultry diets: a case study of maize/sorghum based brewers dried grain (MSBDG). J Agri. Forest.& Soc. Sci., 6, 2008.
[2] Raj, M.A., Reddy, A.G., Reddy, A.R., Adilaxmamma, K. Effect of Dietary Vanaspati Alone and in Combination with Stressors on Sero-biochemical Profile and Immunity in White Leghorn Layers. Toxicol Int., 18, 2011, 31-34.
[3] Bharathi, P., Reddy, A.G., Reddy, A.R., Raj, M.A. A Study of Certain Herbs Against Chlorpyrifos-induced Changes in Lipid and Protein Profile in Poultry. Toxicol Int., 18, 2011, 44-46.
[4] Rani, U. M., Reddy, A.G., Reddy, G.D., Raj, M.A. Oxidative stress due to ochratoxin and T-2 toxin either alone or in combination and evaluation of protective role of Curcuma longa, Zingiber officinale, toxichek and activated charcoal. Toxicol Int., 16, 2009, 63-68.
[5] Harini, S., Adilaxmamma, K., Mohan, E. M., Srilatha, Ch. and Raj, M. A. Antihyperlipidemic activity of chickpea sprouts supplementation in ovariectomy-induced dyslipidemia in rats. J Ayurveda Integr Med., 6, 2015, 104-110.

ABSTRACT: The incidence of the mango hopper started gradually increasing from 2nd week of September to 4th week of September corresponding to 37 to 39 M.W. The incidence was (18.22 hopper/5 panicles) in 39th meteorological week, when the temperature and relative humidity was 33.30c and 93 per cent, respectively. The peak incidence of mango hopper was found to be in 44th M.W i.e 45.76 hoppers/5 panicles when the temperature and relative humidity was 31.20c and 88 per cent, respectively. The result indicated that temperature was positively correlated (r=0.302) with the incidence of mango hopper and rainfall (r=-0.062) and relative humidity (-0.383) was negatively correlated with the incidence of mango hopper.

[1]. Adnan, S. M., Uddin, M. M., Alam, M. J., Islam, M. S., Kashem, M. A., Rafii, M. Y. and Latif, M. A. 2014. Management of mango hopper, I. clypealis, using chemical insecticides and
[2]. Neem oil. Hindawi Publishing Corporation, The Scientific World Journal vol. Article ID 709614.
[3]. Borad, P. K and Rathod, S. V. 2013. The hopper cause a loss of 20 to 100 per cent of inflorescence. Entomon, vol. 32.
[4]. Debnath, M. K., Seni, A. and Sharma, H. L. 2013. Population dynamics of Mango hopper, A. atkinsoni Leth. on mango plant, Mangifera indica. Indian Journal of Plant Protection, vol.41, Issue: 4, pp 308-313.
[5]. Girish Kumar and Giraddi, 2001. Bio-efficacy of new molecules of insecticides against mango leafhopper on crop variety alphanso. Pestology vol. 25 no.6.
[6]. Godase, S. K. and Bhole, S. R. 2002. Efficacy of imidacloprid 200 SL against hopper complex of mango, Mangifera indica L.
[7]. Pestology vol.26 no.3.

ABSTRACT: Among the evaluated new insecticide molecules rynoxypyr 20 SC @ 40 g a.i./ha proved to be most effective against C. infuscatellus (Snellen) in which minimum dead hearts (4.51 per cent) and (3.61) were recorded at the time of first spraying and second spraying, respectively. The next best treatment in order of effectiveness were flubendiamide 480 SC @ 30 g a.i./ha, indoxacarb 14.5 SC @ 30 g a.i./ha, cartap hydrochloride 50 SP @ 375 g a.i./ha, lambda cyhalothrin 5EC @ 25 g a.i./ha, imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 25 g a.i./ha. And thiodicarb, observed to be comparatively least effective against sugarcane early shoot borer..

Key word: Bioefficacy, sugarcane, early shoot borer, rynaxypyr, flubendiamide, fipronil

[1]. Anonymous 2013. National conference on agriculture for Kharif campaign 2013 M.S State Dept. Of Agril. Govt. of Maharashtra.
[2]. Avasthy P.N. and Tiwari N. K. (1986). The shoot borer,Chilo infuscatellus (snellen). In sugarcane entomology in India, ICAR, SBI, Coimbatore Publication pp. 68-82
[3]. Gaje Singh, C. S. Prasad, Anil Sirohi, Arvind Kumar and Nawab. Ali, 2009. Field evaluation of Rynaxypr 20 SC against Insect Pest Sugarcane. Ann.pl. Protec. Sci. 17(1):50-52.
[4]. Panse, V. G. and Sukhatme, P. V. 1985. Statistical methods for agricultural worker, 4th Edition, ICAR Publication, New Delhi, pp. 85-105.
[5]. Patil, A.S. and D.G. Hapase. 1981. Research on Sugarcane borers in Maharashtra. Proceedings, National Symposium on stalk borer, karnal pp. 165 – 175. Indian Sugar, 51 (8):517-520.
[6]. Sheeba J. R., Rajendran, B and kanchana Rani 2012. Biological Integrated Pest Management of sugarcane, Journal of Entomology, 5: 209-211.
[7]. Sidde Gowda, D.K. 2006. Field evaluation of Indoxacarb 14.5 % SC (Kindoxa) against rice yellow stem borer and leaf folder Pestology, 34 (10):20-23.

ABSTRACT: The effect of whole plant extracts of Lantana camara, Ocimum sanctum and Adhatoda vasica plants in acetone against the larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito was studied. 3rd - 4thinstar larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes were exposed to 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175 and 200mg/l acetone extract of whole plant for a period of 24 hours. However, among the three plants Adhatoda vasica showed the highest larvicidal activity. Based on Probit analysis, the LC50 values of acetone extract of Lantana camara, Ocimum sanctum and Adhatoda vasica for the 3rd - 4thlarvae was found to be 131.27 ppm, 153.81 ppm and 61.74 ppm respectively . The results suggest that the whole plant extracts of Lantana camara, Ocimum sanctum and Adhatoda vasica could be used as an effective herbal larvicidal agent against Culex quinquefasciatus without causing damage to the environment.

Keywords: Culex quinquefasciatus, Lantana camara, Ocimum sanctum, Adhatoda vasica, LC50, larvae

[1]. Sukumar K, Perich MJ, Boobar LR. Botanical derivatives in mosquito control a review; J Am Mosq Control Assoc 1991; 7:210-237.
[2]. Das M.Vectors of filariasis with special reference to India; The Journal of Communicable Diseases, 1976,8:101–109,.
[3]. Thenmozhi V., Mariappan T., Krishnamoorthy R., Baskarn G., Krishnamoorthi R., Balaji T., Tyagi BK.A first note on Japanese encephalitis virus isolation from Culex quinquefasciatus Say in Northern West Bengal; IJMR 2014; 1 (1): 1-4
[4]. Kumar K., Sharma A.K., Kumar S., Patel S., Sarkar M., Chauhan LS. Multiple insecticide resistance/susceptibility status of Culex quinquefasciatus, principal vector of bancroftian filariasis from filaria endemic areas of northern India; Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine (2011); 426-429.
[5]. Ghosh S. , Bandopadhyay PK. Identification of Culex vishnui (Diptheria: Culicidae) the Potent Vector of Japanese Encephalitis by SEM with Special Reference to its Gene Control; Modern Biotechniques and Biotechnology, 2014, 71-80.
[6]. Bagavan A., Kamraj C., Rahuman A.A, Elango G., Zahir A.A and Pandiyan G. Evaluation of Larvicidal and Nymphicidal Potential of Plant Extracts against Anopheles subpictus Grassi, Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles and Aphis gossypii Glover. Parasitol Res. 2009, 104(5): 1109-1117.

ABSTRACT: Aflatoxins (AF) were analyzed in 16 feed ingredient samples fed to Indigenous Chicken collected from Baringo and Kisumu Counties, Kenya. The concentrations of Total Aflatoxins in the samples were determined using direct competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and overall incidence of Total Aflatoxins recorded. According to the results, most of the samples were found contaminated with Total Aflatoxins. The highest mean level of Total Aflatoxins were found in growers mash fed to indigenous chicken, that is 19.4ppb in Kisumu County and 19.7 ppb in Baringo County. Similarly, Maize grains was the highest contaminated feed ingredient used for supplementing indigenous chicken in Baringo County with Total Aflatoxins of 18.6ppb, while millet grain was the least contaminated with Total Aflatoxins (2.9-3.2parts per billion) in both Baringo and Kisumu Counties of Kenya.

[1]. Akande KE, Abubakar MM, Adegbola TA, Bogoro SE (2006). Nutritional and health implications of mycotoxins in animal feeds: a review. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 5: 398-403.
[2]. Alam S, Shah HU, Saleemullah RA (2007). Comparative studies on storage stability of ferrous iron in whole wheat flour and flat bread (naan). International Journal of Food Science and Nutrition, 58: 54-62.
[3]. Anjum MA, Khan SH, Sahota AW, Sardar R (2012). Assessment of aflatoxin B1 in commercial poultry feed and feed ingredients. The Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 22: 268-272.
[4]. Azzam, A. H. & Gabal, M. A. 1998. "Aflatoxin and immunity in layer hens." Avian Pathology, 27, 570-777.
[5]. Celik, I., Oguz, H., Demet, O., Donmez, H. H., Boydak, M. & Sur, E. 2000. "Efficacy of polyvinylpolypyrrolidone in reducing the immunotoxicity of aflatoxin in growing broilers." British Poultry Science, 41, 430-439.
[6]. Dhanasekaran D, Annamalai P, Noorudin T. (2009). Evaluation of aflatoxicosis in hens fed with commercial poultry feed. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 33: 385-391.

ABSTRACT: The study was initiated to compare market and laboratory made singori with objective of providing scientifically proven best quality of said sweet. Singori of Almora was rated paramount as per results obtained with regard to physical quality. Singori collected from the markets indicates that either the samples were quite old or have been prepared under unhygienic conditions due to breakdown of its ingredients decoration has occurred.

[1]. Chetna, R., Ravi, R. and Raddy, S. Y. (2010). Effect of processing variables on quality of milk burfy prepared with and without sugar. J. Food sc. Tech. 47: 114-118.
[2]. Praneeta (2005) Studies on effect of different storage temperature on physico-chemical, microbiological and sensory quality of Rasogolla. Submitted in G. B. Pant University of Agri. & Tech. Pantnagar. PP-3.
[3]. Prashad, R., Arvind, and Jha, A. (2012). Sensory and texture analysis of burfy samples manufactured in Varanasi. Proceeding of Indian Agri. Communication Center. Pp-321-323.
[4]. Suresh, I and Jha, Y. K. (1994). Sensory, biochemical and microbiological qualities of kalakand. J. Food. Sci. Technol., 31(4): 330-332.

ABSTRACT:Early blight disease caused by Alternaria solani is considered a serious challenge for potato production. Four bacterial strains as biocontrol agents (Brevibacillus brevis, Pseudomonas putida,Pseudomonas aerogenosa, Bacillus subtilis ) and potassium phosphite (kPhi) , copper (Cu) as well as difenoconazole (Score) were tested to study their effects against potato early blight disease under greenhouse and field conditions. Also the bacterial strains were tested in vitro to study their antifungal activity on growth of A. solani. Both strains significantly reduced the fungal growth.

[1]. Abd-El-Kareem,F. (2007) Potassium or Sodium Bicarbonate in Combination with Nerol for Controlling Early Blight Disease of Potato Plants under Laboratory, Greenhouse and Field Conditions. Egypt. J. Phytopathol., 35(1) 73-86.
[2]. Abd-El-Khair, H. and Wafaa, M. Haggag (2007) Application of Some Egyptian Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Potato Late and Early Blights. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, 3(3): 166-175.
[3]. Alabouvette, C., P. Lemanceau and C. Stein-berg (1993). Recent advances in the bio-logical control of Fusarium wilts. Pestic. Sci., 37:365-373.
[4]. Chaudhary, R. F. Patel, R. L. Chaudhari, S. M. (2003). In vitro evaluation of different plant extracts against Alternaria alternata causing early blight of potato. Journal of the Indian Potato Association; 2003. 30(1/2):141-142. 5 ref. AN: 20033204686.
[5]. Cohen Y., Gisi U., Mosinger E. (1991). Systemic resistance of potato plants against Phytophthora infestans induced by unsaturated fatty acids. Physiol. Mol. Pl. Pathol. 38: 255–263.
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ABSTRACT: This study was conducted during two consecutive seasons of 2013 and 2014 at El Maghara Station of Desert Research Center, North Sinai Governorate Egypt. The effects of sheep manure application rate i.e. 13, 26 and 39 kg/tree and application method namely surface, trench and circle on growth, fruiting and fruit quality of Balady guava trees were studied. Resulted showed that increasing sheep manure application rate induced a progressive enhancement of the studied growth, leaf mineral content, fruiting and fruit quality traits. Moreover, sheep manure circle application method surpassed the other two tested application methods in enhancing the previously mentioned studied traits. Consequently, it is preferable to apply sheep manure at 39kg/tree in circles to enhance growth, fruiting and fruit quality of Balady guava manure trees.

Key words: Balady guava; application rate; application method; sheep manure; growth; fruit quality.

[1]. Abou El-Khashab, A.M.; Abou Taleb S.A. and Said,W.T., 2005. Aggezi and Koroneki olive trees as affected by organic and bio-fertilizers, calcium citrate and potassium. Arab Univ. J. Agric. Sci., Ain shams Univ., 13: 419-440.
[2]. Abdel-Nasser, G. and Harash, M.M., 2001. Studies on some plant growing media for olive cultivation in sandy soils under Siwa oasis conditions. J. Adv. Agric. Res., 6: 487-510.
[3]. AL-Kahtani, S. H. and Ahmed, M.A., 2012. Effect of different mixtures of organic fertilizers on vegetative growth, flowering, fruiting and leaf mineral content of Picual olive trees. American-Eurasian J. Agric. & Environ. Sci., 12 (8): 1105-1112
[4]. Al-Kahtani, S. H. and Soliman, S. S., 2012. Effects of organic manures on yield, fruit quality, nutrients and heavy metals content of Barhy date palm cultivar. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 11(65), pp. 12818-12824
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[7]. Bin, J., 1983. Utilization of green manure for raising soil fertility in China. Soil Sci., 135 (1): 1- 65.

ABSTRACT: two years trial was conducted during 2012 and 2013 seasons on 13 years old Manfalouty pomegranate trees grown in sandy soil under drip irrigation system from well at El Maghara Station, Desert Research Center, North Sinai Governorate, Egypt. Three concentrations of each Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) i.e. 5000, 10000 and 15000 ppm, Paclobutrazol (PP333) i.e. 500, 1000 and 1500 ppm and Maleic hydrazide (MH) i.e. 500, 1000 and 1500 ppm and hand removal (control) treatments were trunk applied on 1st February after suckers removal from the trunk.

1]. A.O.A.C., 1995. Association of Official Agricultural Chemists, Official Methods of Analysis, 15th ed. A.O.A.C., Washington, DC.
[2]. Ahmedullah, M. and Wolfe, W.H. 1982. Control of sucker growth on Vitis vinifera L. cultivar Sauvignon blanc with naphthaleneacetic acid. Amer. J. Enol. Viticult. 33:198-200.
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ABSTRACT: Thispaper describes the use of spinal anesthesia to promote analgesiaduring a surgery procedure in a marine turtle. A green turtle (Cheloniamydas) presenting multiple cutaneous fibropapillomas was referred to surgery. After premedication the animal was positioned for epidural anesthesia, however after extravasation of cerebrospinal fluid was performed spinal anesthesia with isobaric bupivacaine 0.5%. Consequent to blocking response was not observed against the painful stimuli under spinal block, showing the success of the technique. Spinal anesthesia was efficient to promote analgesia during the surgery. More studies are fundamental to help anesthesiologists who deal with rehabilitation and conservation of this species. Keywords:anesthesia, bupivacaine, chelonid, marine turtles, regional anesthesia

1]. K.L. Eckert, K.A. Bjorndal, F.A. Abreu-Groboisand M. Donnelly, Research and Management Techniques for the Conservation of Sea Turtles, Proc. IUCN/SSC Marine Turtle Specialist Group Publication, Washington, DC, 1999, 235.
[2]. M.A. Marcovaldi and G.G. Marcovaldi, Marine Turtles of Brazil: the history and structure of Projeto TAMAR-IBAMA, BiologicalConservation, 91(1), 1999, 35-41.
[3]. P. Catry, C. Barbosa, B. Paris, B. Indjai, A. Almeida, B. Limoges, C. Silva and H. Pereira, H, Status, Ecology, and Conservation of Sea Turtles in Guinea-Bissau, ChelonianConservationandBiology, 8(2), 2009, 150-160.
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[5]. E.R. Matushima, A. LongattoFilho, C. Di Loretto, C.T. Kanamura, I.L. Sinhorini, B. Gallo and C. Baptistotte, Cutaneous papillomas of green turtles: a morphological, ultra-structural and immunohistochemical study in Brazilian specimens, Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science, 38(2), 2001, 51-54.

ABSTRACT: Livestock are the important assets of landless and marginal farmers and help in improving the economy of agro-based countries like India. As the Bonpala sheep is highly prolific and having higher body weight in comparison to other two sheep breeds namely Garole and Sahabadi of West Bengal, so special emphasis should be given for scientific management and health care to the breed to increase the power of productivity and conserve the breed. Present study have been conducted to investigate the prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites (GI) of Bonpala sheep in 'Teesta river' valley, West Bengal, India.

[1] J. Pedreira, A.P. Silva, R.S. Andrade, J.L. Suarez, M. Arias, C. Lomba, P. Diaz, C. Lopez, P.D. Banos, and P. Morrondo, Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in sheep and parasite control practices in north-west Spain, Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 75, 2006, 56-62.
[2] C.O. Nwosu, P.P. Madu, and W.S. Richards, Prevalence and seasonal changes in the population of gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants in semi-arid zone of north-eastern Nigeria, Veterinary Parasitology, 144 (1-2), 2007, 118-124.
[3] M.A. Raza, Z. Iqbal, A. Jabbar, and M. Yaseen, Point prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthiasis in ruminants in southern Punjab, Pakistan, Journal of Helminthology, 81, 2007, 323-328.
[4] J.A. Gadahi, M.J. Arshad, Q. Ali, S.B. Javaid, and S.I. Shah, Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of sheep and goats in and around Rawalpindi, Islamabad, Veterinary World, 2, 2009, 51-53.
[5] Z. Tasawar, S. Ahmad, M.H. Lashari, and C.S. Hayat, Prevalence of Haemonchus contortus in sheep at research centre for conservation of Sahiwal cattle (RCCSC) Jehangirabad, District Khanewal, Punjab, Pakistan (Report), Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 42, 2010, 735-739.

ABSTRACT: The objective of research is to understand financial analysis methods such as BEP and R/C Ratio and factors influencing the revenue of broiler farming. Research starts from June to July 2015. Method of research is case study. Data collection technique includes observation and interview. The interview is conducted with 30 broiler farmers selected through total sampling and also with Pesona Ternak Gemilang Ltd. Data analysis tool involves descriptive analysis, economic analysis and regression analysis with SPSS16. Result of research indicates that various strata can be arranged based on chicken ownership (breeding capacity), respectively 3,000-12,000 chickens for Strata I, 12,000-27,000 chickens for Strata II, and > 30,000 chickens for Strata III. The average rates of production cost for these three strata are IDR 164,864,491, IDR 365,354,346, and IDR 583,418,013. The average rates of revenue per period for these three strata are IDR 18,471,124, IDR 41,342,258, and IDR 85,419,930.

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