iosr-JDMS   Volume-17 ~ Issue-1 ~ January-2018

Abstract: Background: The present study reports a case of epidermoid cyst of the eyelid and emphasizes on clinical features, differential diagnosis,histopathological features and treatment. Methods: A 55 year old male patient underwent surgical excision of the mass on the right eyelid of size 1.5 cm x1.5 cm , under local anaesthesia. Upon histopathological examination the the diagnosis was confirmed to be epidermoid cyst. Results: On follow up of patient after 2 months ,skin over the lesion was normal with no complications and recurrence reported. Conclusions: Epidermoid cyst can be confused with sebaceous and dermoid cyst on clinical examination, so exact or confirmatory diagnosis can be made on histopathological examination

Keywords: Dermoid Cyst, Epidermoid Cyst, Eyelid, Keratin, Sebaceous Cyst

[1]. R Rajendran. Developmental disturbances of oral and paraoral structures. In:RRajendran,B Sivapathasundharam,editors. Shafer's textbook of oral pathology (2006, 5th ed): p.94-96.

[2]. Kronish JW, Sneed SR, Tse DT. Epidermal cysts of the eyelid. ArchOphthalmol.1988; 106:270.

[3]. Jonathan Butler, Claire Healy, Mary Toner, Stephen Flint. Gardner syndrome - review and report of a case. Oral Oncology EXTRA 2005; 41: 89–92.

[4]. Evans DG, Ladusans EJ, Rimmer S, Burnell LD, Thakker N, Farndon PA. Complications of the naevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome: results of a population based study. J Med Genet 1993; 30:460-464

[5]. Lorenzo Lo Muzio. Review -Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (Gorlin syndrome). Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases 2008; 3:32.

Abstract: Chemical injuries to the eye may be of rare incidence but are not uncommon and pose one of the challenging areas of practice for ophthalmologists irrespective of area of practice.Chemical injuries are potentially devastating ocular surface injures that can result in permanent visual impairment. They may cause extensive damage to the eyelids, conjunctiva, cornea and anterior segment resulting in severe morbidity including permanent unilateral or bilateral blindness. As with other injuries, the nature of the chemical burning is variable and dependent on local circumstances. It is important to note the type of chemical, because the mechanism of injury varies between acidic and alkaline exposure..............

Keywords: Acid, alkali, chemical injuries, saponification, complications, consequences

[1]. Paloo R, Mongue J, Ruiz M, et al, chemical burns: pathophysiology and treatment.
[2]. Morgan SJ, chemical burns of eye: causes and management. Br J ophthalmology.
[3]. Verson SA; Analysis of all new cases seen in a busy regional center ophthalmic casualty department during a 24 week period. J.R .Soc. Med, 1983; 76:273-282.
[4]. Jones NP, Hayward JM, Khaw PT, Claoue CNP, Elkington AR; Function of an ophthalmic accident and emergency department; result of a six month survey; Br. Med. J. 1986; 292:188-190.
[5]. KaramanK, Gvoreovic .AntinicaA, RogosiaV, Lokos-KazetjV, RozgaA, S: Epidemiology of adult eye injuries in Split-Dalmatia country,Croatia Med J 2004;304-309.

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the prescription pattern in Gynaecology OPD of Govt Maternity Hospital, Tirupati. Methods: A prospective, cross sectional study was conducted. This study was conducted for duration of 3 months. A total of 311 prescriptions were randomly collected and the prescriptions were analyzed. Results: Average no of drugs was 3.27. 33% of prescriptions had antibiotics and 105 prescriptions with injections, drugs prescribed by generic name were 0.29%. Although superscription and transcription was not satisfactory the inscription dose, route and duration were mentioned in 77.8 %, 83.2%, 72 % cases respectively. Conclusion: On the basis of findings of the study, the antibiotic usage, generic prescription showed deviation from the standard recommended by WHO. The prescribing practices in this study are not satisfactory. The study was undertaken to give feedback to the prescribers, so as to create awareness about the rational use of drugs

Keywords: Antibiotics, Prescription pattern, Rational drug usage.

[1]. Ehijie F.O. Enato and Ifeanyi E. Chima, Evaluation of drug utilisation patterns and patient care practices. West African Journal of pharmacy, 22(1): 36 – 41, (2011).
[2]. M de Vries TPG, Henning RH, Hogerzeil HV et al. (1994). Guide to good Prescribing. A practical guide W.H.O.
[3]. Pradhan SC, Shewade DG, Shashindren CH , et al (1988). Drug Utilisation Studies. Natl Med J Ind 1:185- 189.
[4]. Biswas NR, Jindal S, Siddiquei MM et al, Patterns of Prescription and drug use in ophthalmology in a tertiary hospital in Delhi. Br J ClinPharmacol, 51: 267-269, (2001).
[5]. Yasmeen Maniyar, Prabhu Bhixavatimath, Vidyashree Akkone, A Drug Utelisation Study in the Ophthalmology Department of a Medical College, Karnataka, India. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 5(1): 82-84, 92011).

Abstract: Back ground: The management of distal humerus fractures has been improved over the last few years due to more common use of advanced imaging modalities such as computed tomography (CT), understanding the benefits of parallel-plating techniques, the recognition of the more complex patterns of shear fractures of the articular surface of the distal humerus, the widespread use of precontoured periarticular plates, and the selective use of elbow arthroplasty. Methodology: this study was done in Government General HospitalSiddhartha Medical College Vijayawada. It is a prospective study.done from December 2015 to June 2017,in 20 members of patients. All surgeries were performed by single orthopaedic surgeon at Government General Hospital / Siddhartha Medical college. The type of fracture, time delay for surgery, surgical approach, complications and outcome were recorded. based on inclusion and exclusion criteria............

Keywords: Mayo Elbow Performance Index (MEPI),medial column,lateral column,trochlea,capitellum.

[1]. Shin SJ, Sohn HS ,Do NH : A clinical comparison of two different double plating methods for intra articular distal humerus fractures, J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2010;19(1):2-9.
[2]. Huang TL, Chiu FY, Chuang TY, Chen TH: The results of open reduction and internal fixation in elderly patients with severe fractures of the distal humerus: A critical analysis of the results. J Trauma2005;58:62-69.
[3]. Watson – Jones R: Fractures and joint injuries Vol.2 6th ed. : Churchill Livingstone, New Delhi, 1993.
[4]. Brown RF, Morgar Rg: Intercondylar T shaped fractures of the humerus. Results in ten cases treated by early mobilization. JBJS 53-B; 425.
[5]. Bryan RS: Fractures about the elbow in adults, AAOS, Instructional course lectures 30:200, 1981.

Abstract: This is a case report of human ocular thelaziasis caused by Thelazia californiensis that was found wiggling in the anterior chamber of the eye. A 40-year-old Hindu male reported to the Department of ophthalmology, with complaint of floaters in left eye from six months. On detailed ocular examination a creamy white worm was seen wiggling in the anterior chamber of his left eye. The parasite was surgically removed from the patient's eye in one piece and was later identified as adult female Thelazia californiensis by the Indian veterinary research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, India based on the morphological characteristics. According to the available data, this is the first human case of Thelazia californiensis from India as Thelazia californiensis occurs solely in Western united states of America.

Keywords: Anterior chamber, California eye worm, Eye worm, Human Thelaziasis, Human Ocular Thelaziasis, India, Thelazia californiensis.

[1] Krishnachary PS, Shankarappa VG, Rajarathnam R, Shanthappa M. Human ocular thelaziasis in Karnataka. Indian journal of ophthalmology. 2014; 62: p. 822.
[2] Otranto D, Traversa D. Thelazia eyeworm: an original endo-and ecto-parasitic nematode. Trends in parasitology. 2005; 21: p. 1-4.
[3] Otranto D, Tarsitano E, Traversa D, De Luca F, Giangaspero A. Molecular epidemiological survey on the vectors of Thelazia gulosa, Thelazia rhodesi and Thelazia skrjabini (Spirurida: Thelaziidae). Parasitology. 2003; 127: p. 365-373.
[4] Lyons ET, Drudge JH, Tolliver SC. Thelazia lacrymalis in horses in Kentucky and observations on the face fly (Musca autumnalis) as a probable intermediate host. The Journal of parasitology. 1976; p. 877-880.
[5] Kozlov DP, others. The life-cycle of the nematode, Thelazia callipaeda parasitic in the eye of man and carnivores. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR. 1962; 142: p. 732-733.

Abstract: Background: Meconium staining of amniotic fluid complicates delivery in approximately 8% to 25% of live birth and only 5% of neonates born through MSAF develop MAS . Meconium in amniotic fluid is graded as thick if the fluid is tenacious, viscous, and opaque "Pea soup" and it is graded as thin if it appears to be watery and yellowish to light greenish coloration. Objective:1.Study of incidence of meconium aspiration syndrome in neonates in relation to birth weight and period of gestation.2.Study of different clinical outcomes of neonates having meconium aspiration syndrome. Methods:A Prospective cohort study of inborn neonates was done from April 2016 to August 2017 admitted in neonatal intensive care unit, Department of paediatrics and Neonatology, RIMS, Ranchi after obtaining written informed consent from the parents or guardian and diagnosis of MAS was made depending on the clinical criteria and its clinical outcome was observed............

Keywords: Birth weight, Gestational age, Meconium Aspiration Syndrome

[1]. Ambalavanan and Waldemar A. Carlo ; Meconium Aspiration ; Nelson textbook of pediatrics, 20th ed. Philadelphia: Reed Elsevier, 2016:101.6 (859-860).

[2]. Stark, Cloherty, Eichenwald, Manual of Neonatal Care , 7th edition, P(439-444)
[3]. AveryGB,FletcherMA,MacDonaldMG,editors,Neonatology,pathophysiology and management of newborn, 9th ed. Philadelphia:lippincot: P552,P320

[4]. Kamala Swarnam,,Amuchou S. Soraisham, and Sindhu Sivanandan. "Advances in the management of meconium aspiration syndrome." International journal of pediatrics 2012 (2011).
[5]. Narang A, Nair PMC, Bhakoo ON, Vashist K. Management of meconium stained amniotic fluid- A team approach. Indian Pediatr 1993; 30:9-13

Abstract: Gingival recession has been defined as the apical migration of the marginal gingiva that may be commonly associated with aberrant or high frenal attachment, improper brushing techniques and leads to exposure of root surface that might compromise the esthetic or cause dentin hypersensitivity. Various periodontal plastic surgeries have been introduced so far to treat such gingival defects, of which the two stage procedure that combines the elimination of the local contributing factors first, followed by management of gingival recession is found to be succesful.

Keywords: Gingival recession, Aberrant frenal attachment, Frenectomy, Lateral pedicle graft.

[1]. Grupe HE, Warren Jr RF. Repair of gingival defects by a sliding flap operation. Journal of Periodontology. 1956 Apr;27(2):92-5. [2]. Priyanka M, Sruthi R, Ramakrishnan T, Emmadi P, Ambalavanan N. An overview of frenal attachments. Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology. 2013 Jan;17(1):12.

[3]. Mohan R, Soni PK, Krishna MK, Gundappa M. Proposed classification of medial maxillary labial frenum based on morphology. Dental hypotheses. 2014 Jan 1;5(1):16.

[4]. Kakodkar PV, Patel TN, Patel SV, Patel SH. Clinical assessment of diverse frenum morphology in permanent dentition. Internet J Dent Sci. 2009;7(2).

[5]. Deshmukh J, Khatri R, Fernandes B, Kulkarni VK, Singh S. Frenectomy with semilunar coronally repositioned flap: A single stage approach-simple solution for complex problem. Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology. 2015 Jul;19(4):454.

Abstract: From multiple studies conducted previously, it is quite evident that Infective Endocarditis(IE) is changing in terms of its clinical presentations, causative organisms and other factors creating challenges in diagnosis and treatment. To evaluate the recent changes in different factors associated with this entity we conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study in an Indian set up. Age, sex, presenting features, treatment history, complication, echocardiographic findings were examined in definite cases of Infective Endocarditis(IE). Total 70 patients were examined, among them 61 patients had mono valvular Infective Endocarditis(IE) and 9 patients had multi valvular Infective...........

Keywords: Culture positive, echocardiography,, Infective Endocarditis, multi valvular and mono valvular, rheumatic heart disease

[1]. Habib G, Hoen B, Tornos P, Thuny F, Prendergast B, Vilacosta I, et al. Guidelines on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infective endocarditis. Eur Heart J 2009;30:2369-413.
[2]. [PUBMED] Nishimura RA, Carabello BA, Faxon DP, Freed MD, Lytle BW, O'Gara PT, et al. ACC/AHA 2008 Guideline Update on Valvular Heart Disease: Focused Update on Infective Endocarditis. A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2008;118:887-96.
[3]. [PUBMED] Horstkotte D, Follath F, Gutschik E, Lengyel M, Oto A, Pavie A, et al. Guidelines on prevention, diagnosis and treatment of infective endocarditis executive summary; the task force on infective endocarditis of the European society of cardiology. Eur Heart J 2004;25:267-76.
[4]. Li JS, Sexton DJ, Mick N, Nettles R, Fowler VG Jr, Ryan T, et al. Proposed modifications to the Duke criteria for the diagnosis of infective endocarditis. Clin Infect Dis 2000;30:633-8.
[5]. Choudhury R, Grover A, Varma J, Khattri HN, Anand IS, Bidwai PS, et al. Active infective endocarditis observed in an Indian hospital 1981-1991. Am J Cardiol 1992;70:1453-8.

Abstract: Background: Spatial position of the maxillary incisor is a critical factor in both facial esthetics and maxillofacial functions. Therefore determination of the three-dimensional (3D) position and inclination of the maxillary incisors is a key issue in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphologic features and the relationship between roots of maxillary incisors and the incisive canal using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).............

Keywords: Canal width, Incisive canal, incisor retraction, maxillary central incisor, proximity

[1]. Sarver DM. The importance of incisor positioning in the esthetic smile: the smile arc. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2001; 120:98–111.
[2]. Arnett GW, Bergman RT. Facial keys to orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Part I. Am J Orthod. 1993;103: 299–312.
[3]. Kokich V. Esthetics and anterior tooth position: an orthodontic perspective part III: mediolateral relationships. J Esthet Restor Dent. 1993;5: 200–207.
[4]. Chung CJ, Choi YJ, Kim KH. Approximation and contact of the maxillary central incisor roots with the incisive canal after maximum retraction with temporary anchorage devices: report of two cases. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2015; 148:493–502.
[5]. Proffit W, Fields H, Sarver D. Contemporary orthodontics. 5th ed. St Louis: Elsevier; 2013

Abstract: The objective of this study was to assess the awareness among married women on the effects' of systemic changes and oral infections on pregnancy status in Riyadh , Saudi Arabia. A questionnaire was prepared online by Google Forms containing the following three sections; 1. demographic data, 2. knowledge regarding systemic changes and oral infections' effects on pregnancy outcome, and 3. dental treatment and myths during conception. A rating scale format was applied with agree, don't agree, and do not know options. The questionnaire was distributed through social media networks targeting married women across Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A total of (491) women in Riyadh area responded to the questionnaire, with 60.3% acquiring Bachelor's degree and 40.4 % were among..............

Keywords: Awareness, oral infections, pregnancy, systemic changes, women.

[1]. Medical Definition of Pregnancy. MedicineNet Online Dictionary. Accessed December 2017. https://www.me dicinenet.com/script/mai n/art.asp?articlekey=11893
[2]. Soma-Pillay P, Catherine N-P, Tolppanen H, Mebazaa A, Tolppanen H, Mebazaa A.: Physiological changes in pregnancy. Cardiovascular Journal of Africa. 2016; 27(2): 89 - 94.
[3]. Khan R, Virginia Antony V. Dentistry for the Pregnant Patient. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences. 2014; 13(1):83-90.
[4]. Bialobok KM, Monga M. Fatigue and work in pregnancy. Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2000;12(6):497–500.
[5]. Little JW, Falace DA, Miller CS, Elsevier c2008., Rhodus NL. Little and Falace's dental management of the medically compromised patient. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA, United States: Elsevier Mosby; July 24, 2007:324–334.

Abstract: Purpose:Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a chronic, recurrent, bilateral inflammatory disease showing exacerbations during the spring and summer seasons,affecting young children. Boys were commonly affected than girls.Management of VKC is primarily aimed at reducing symptoms and preventing serious vision threatening sequelae.Presentstudywasconductedwiththeaimofcomparing the efficacy of cyclosporine 0.05% with olopatadine0.1% in patients ofVKC.Materialsandmethods:Aprospectiverandomized trialwasperformedon54 bilateral casesof VKC upto the age of 15 years having similar symptom score during the period of July 2016to June2017. Patients were randomly assigned to and treated Group Awith olopatadine 0.1%, which has a dual action, i.e., mast cell stabilizer action as well as antihistaminic..........

Keywords: VKC, anti histaminic, Immunomodulator, Nonsteroidal

[1]. KeklikciU, DursunB, CinguAK.Topicalcyclosporinea0.05% eyedrops in the treatment of vernal keratoconjunctivitis – randomizedplacebo-controlledtrial. AdvClinExpMed2014 May-Jun;23(3):455-461.
[2]. AkpekEK,HasiripiH,ChristenWG,KalayciD.Arandomized trial of low dose mitomycin C in treatment of severe vernal keratoconjunctivitis. Ophthalmology 2000Feb; 107:263-269.
[3]. Spadavecchia L, Fanelli P, Tesse R, Brunetti L, Cardinale F, BellizziM,RizzoG,ProcoliU,BellizziG,ArmenioL.Efficacy of 1.25% and 1% topical cyclosporine in the treatment of severe vernal keratoconjunctivitis in childhood. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2006Nov;17(7):527-532.
[4]. BozkurtB,ArtacH,ArslanN,GokturkB,BozkurtMK,ReisliI, Irkec M. Systemic atopy and immunoglobulin deficiency in Turkish patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm2013;21(1):28-33.
[5]. Labcharoenwongs P, JirapongsananurukO,VisitsunthornN, KosrirukvongsP,SaenginP,VichyanondP.Adouble-masked comparisonof0.1%tacrolimusointmentand2%cyclosporine eye drops in the treatment of vernal keratoconjunctivitis in children.AsianPacJAllergyImmunol2012Sep;30(3):177-184.

Abstract: Purpose: The aim of the study is to compare the intra and post-operative patient discomfort, patient cooperation and surgical complications for MSICS (Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery) using Peribulbar, Sub – Tenon's and Topical anesthesia. Methods: This prospective randomized trial included 150 consecutive patients having done elective MSICS with PCIOL(posterior chamber intra ocular lens) who were given one of the three types of anesthesia.Patients and surgeon were asked to grade patient discomfort, patient cooperation and surgical complications accordingly. Results: There was a significant difference in the pain scores during administration of anesthesic (P>0.0001) the mean pain scores were 1.66, 0.96 and 0.020Peribulbar, sub – Tenon's and Tropical respectively. The pain scores during surgery nearly equal in all groups (P=0.17).The mean scores were 0.88, 0.94 and 1.32 for Peribulbar.........

Keywords: MSICS PCIOL Chemosis Sub-conjunctival haemorrhage

[1]. Gogate PM, Deshpande M, Wormald RP. Is manual small incision cataract surgery affordable in the developing countries? A cost comparison with extracapsular cataract extraction. Br J ophthalmol 2003; 87: 843-46.
[2]. Gogate PM, Deshpande M, Wormald RP, Deshpande R, Kulkarni SR. Extracapsular cataract surgery compared with manualsmall incision cataract surgery in community eye care setting in western India: a randomized controlled trial. Br J Ophthalmol 2003; 87: 667-72.
[3]. Data A, Ghosh AK, Basu S, Das KS, Ghoshal S. Exploring the anaesthetic options for manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS): A comparative evaluation of peribulbar, sub-tenon's and topical anaesthesia. AIOC 2008:82-83.
[4]. Srinivasan S,FernAI,SelvarajS,HasanS.Randamized double-blind clinical trial comparing topical and sub-tenon's anesthesia in routine cataract surgery Br J Anaesth 2004;93;683-6
[5]. Zafirakis P, Voudouri A, Rowe S, Livir-Rallatos G, Livir-Rallatos C, Canakis C, et al. Topical versus sub-Tenon's anesthesia without sedation in cataract surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg 2001; 27; 873-9..

Abstract: 17-year old male presented with ectopically erupted upper canines and unilateral Class III molar relation. First premolars extraction in the upper arch was planned to correct ectopic position of canines and unilateral Class III molar relation. Segmental 0.017×0.025" TMA T loop was used to retract the canines into ideal position. Post treatment results showed ectopic position of canines was corrected, bilateral Class I molar relation achieved and inclination of incisors improved. At the end of treatment, patient showed pleased smile with improved smile arc. The overall treatment took 20 months.

Keywords: Class III, Ectopic canine, Segmented arch technique, T-loop.

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Abstract: Background: Surgical management of tibialpilon fractures have always posed a challenge to orthopaedic surgeons due the high incidence of complications in the conventional surgical options. Aims: The aim of this study is to observe the surgical outcome of distal tibialpilon fractures treated according to the concept of combined external fixation and limited internal fixation. Materials And Methods: This pilot study was conducted in a tertiary care centre of eastern India with institutional ethical clearance and informed consent of the subjects. Twenty patients were treated and they were followed up after operative management in the institution for 12 months...........

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[5]. Tornetta Paul III; Weiner, Lon; Bergman, Marc; Watnik, Neil; Steuer, Jeff; Kelley, Mark; Yang, Edward. Pilon Fractures: Treatment With Combined Internal and External Fixation, Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma: December 1993