IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-11 ~ Issue-4 ~ April 2017

Abstract: An attempt has been made to assess the response of radish under the influence of copper with special reference to seed germination and seedling growth. Copper was applied in the form of copper-chloride (CdCl2 2.4 H2O). Various concentrations of copper (0,5,10,25,50,75 and 100mg/1) were prepared and used for germination studies. It is evident from the results obtained that the increase in copper concentration affected all the growth parameters such as germination percentage, length of root and shoot, fresh weight of root and shoot, vigour index and tolerance index.

[1]. Balashouri and Prameelavi, 1995, Effect of zinc on germination, growth, pigment content Andphytomass of vigna radiate and sorghum bicolour. J.Ecobiol., 7 (2): 109 – 114.
[2]. Dua, A.And K.Sawhney, 1991.Effect of chromium on activities of hydrolytic enzymes in germinating pea seeds. Environ, Exp. Bot., 31(2): 133-139.
[3]. Friberg, L., M.Pisacator, G.F. Norberg and T.Kjellstron, 1974.Copper occurrence, possible route,
[4]. International seed testing association, 1976. International rules for seed testing, Sci.Tech. 4:51-177.
[5]. Kalita, M.C. Prameeladevi and I.Bhattacharya, 1993.Effect of copper on seed germination, early seedings growth and chlorophyll content of Triticumaestivum. Indian J. Plant Physiol., 36 (3): 189 – 190.

Abstract: Level of homogeneity and variation of S. afra populations collected from coastal waters of Lagos state were studied using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR amplification. Fish specimens obtained from Oshoroko, Orimedu, Lagos Lagoon, Ibese and Yovoyan stations were used for the experiment. DNA was isolated using salting out method from caudal fin of the fish and RAPD analysis was carried out with five 10 bp- oligo- nucleotide random primers (RAPD). Four out of the five primers showed stable amplification and polymorphism with ampicons.............

KeyWords: Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), polymorphism, primers, Sphyraena afra, genetic similarity.

[1]. Ahmad J.N., Azizah, M.N., Adikwu, I.A., Istifanus, W. A.,Abalis,G.E and Muchlisin,Z.A (2012). Diversity and distribution of fishes of Gaji River, Bauchi state Nigeria. Advances in Environmental sciences-International journal of the bioflux society vol 4, issue 2. Pp.50 -54.
[2]. Bardakci, F. and Skibinski, D.O.F (1994). Application of the RAPD technique in tilapia fish: species and subspecies identification Heredity 73:117 – 123.
[3]. Barman, H.K, Barat, A., Ydav, B.M., Banerjee, S., Meher, P.K., Reddy, P.V. and Jana, R.K. (2003). Genetic variation between four species of Indian carp as revealed by random amplified polymorphic DNA assay. Aquaculture 217: 115 – 123.
[4]. Bártfai, R., Egedi, S., Yue, G.H., Kovács, B., Urbányi, B., Tamás, G., Horváth, L. and Orbán, L. (2003). Genetic analysis of two common carp broodstocks by RAPD
[5]. Beacham, T.D., Hay, D.E. and Le, K.D. (2005). Population structure and stock identification of Eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus), an anadromous smelt in the Pacific Northwest. Marine Biotechnology, 7: 363 – 72.

Abstract: Quarry industry is among the many extractive industries implicated in the etiology of a myriad of occupational health hazards. This study brought forth the case of health hazards among quarry workers in Ebonyi State, southeast geopolitical zone of Nigeria. Simple randomized sampling technique was adopted in selection of 49 sites among 130 quarry sites, within Ebonyi state. A total of 392 participants were selected from the quarry workers and the same number of participants from non-quarry workers living within the same geographical location was selected as control. The test population was grouped into 3 categories according to the duration of exposure. Hazard assessment was carried out on the basis of clinical history, physical examination and assessment of lung function using Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1) as measured with a Peak-flow meter..............

KeyWords: Forced expiratory volume, Occupational health hazards, Hazard assessment, Pneumonocicosis, Silicosis, Respiratory diseases

[1]. Akpala C. O. Epidemiological Research: A practical approach for the medical and nursing sciences. Department of Management, Faculity of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Enugu campus, Enugu. 1994;64
[2]. Alakija, W, Iyawa, V, Jankira, LM, Chiwuzie JC (1990) Ventilator function of workers at Okpella Cement Factory in Nigeria, West Africa J Med. 9(3) 187-192
[3]. Areola, O (1991); Ecology of Natural Resources in Nigeria; Avebury Academic Publishing Group, Aldershot, England; Pp 178-196.
[4]. Articles in Russsian. Silicosis is the most common and most frequently tuberculosis-complicated pneumoconiosis with poor prognosis.,Probl Tuberk 2001;(6):22-3
[5]. Baba Y, Iwawo S, Kodama Y. A follow-up study on pulmonary functions of workers exposed to various forms of dust. Observation on the workers of pneumoconiosis in Kitakyushu JUOEH 1983 Dep1; 5(3): 351-8.

Abstract: The abundance and distribution of phytoplankton algae of Kanye Reservoir was studied from Five (5) sampling sites for the period of five (5) Months and analysed for Physico - chemical attributes such as Temperature, pH, Dissolved Oxygen, Biological Oxygen Demand; Nitrogen-Nitrate, Phosphorus-Phosphate and Electrical Conductivity using standard methods. Results showed that the physico- chemical characteristics recorded was that of a typical tropical region. The highest cell count(8.8×104 )cells/ml was recorded in Site 'E', followed by site 'A' (6.4×104 cells/ml), the least was recorded in site 'C' (8.3×103cells/ml) Physico-chemical attribute did not vary significantly among the sites.............

KeyWords: Planktonic, Kanye, Tropical, Reservoir, Polluted, Harmful, WHO, Cyanophyceae.

[1]. Adeniji, H.A,(1993)Study of Some Physico-chemical Factors in Reservoir in Kano State, NIFFR Annual report. pp 136-140
[2]. Antoine,S. E. and Al-Saadi, D.(1982). Studies of Periphyton of the River Wye. PhD Thesis, University College Cardiff.650pp+xxiii
[3]. American Public Health Association (1999). Standard Methods of Examination of Water and Wastewater. American Public Health Association: 20th edition Washington D.C., 1076 p.
[4]. Calgon, C. A. and Conforti, N. E (1991). Phytoplankton diversity in relation to physicochemical characteristics in Oji reservoir, Journal of Applied Science Vol:12, pp.39
[5]. Ezra, A. G. and Abdulhameed, A. (1997). Studies on algae from Four Ponds in Zaria. Proceedings of the international conference on Biotechnology for Development in Africa ,Enugu, Nigeria.pp43

Abstract: The effect of malting and extrusion on the chemical properties of Kunun Gyada extrudates from malted sorghum flour and roasted groundnut paste was investigated. 27 samples using full factorial design were processed in a co-rotating twin-screw extruder. The results were subjected to statistical analyses to test for significant differences between treatments. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was adopted using Statistix 9; Version 9.1 (2012) Statistical Package. There was increase in proximate mean composition of germinated sorghum flour, moisture 11.20 to 11.23%, ash 1.23 to 1.37%, and crude protein 8.50 to 9.13% with decrease in both crude fat and carbohydrates from 3.50 to 3.17% and 77.70 to 74.27% respectively.............

KeyWords: Extrusion, Malting, Roasting, Kunungyada, Sorghum.

[1]. Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) (2000). Official Methods of Analysis, 17th Edition Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA.
[2]. Gibson, R.S., Yeudallf, Drost N., Mitimuni B., Culliman T., (1998). Dietary intervention to prevent Zinc difficiency. American Clinical Nutrition 68: 4845 – 4875.
[3]. Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) 2015
[4]. Zhang, G; and Hamaker, B. R. (1998). Low x-Amylase digestibility of cooked Sorghum flours and the effect of protein. Journal of Cereal Chemistry. 75: 710 – 713
[5]. United States Department of Agriculture, (2015). World Agricultural Production. Retrieved 25/06/2015 from http://www.fas.qov/wap/current

Abstract: Consumers may prefer double roasted nuts as snack food since roasting process result in formation of aromatic compounds, taste and development of color in nut products. However, applying of high temperatures (above 120°C) to foods which include proteins and carbohydrates causes some toxic compounds such as acrylamide. In this study, acrylamide formation during roasting process was investigated at three different temperatures on almonds, sunflower seeds and peanuts that consumed in common. For that reason, total 12 samples which include raw samples of each nut were investigated. Acrylamide contents of all samples were determined by UHPLC-MS/MS...............

KeyWords: Acrylamide, Almonds, Peanuts, Sunflower seeds, UHPLC-MS/MS

[1] L.W. Claeys, K.D. Vleeschouwer and M.E. Hendrckx, Quantifying the formation of carcinogens during food proccessing: acrylamide, Trends in Food Science & Technology, 16, 2005, 181-193.
[2] E. Alpözen, İzmir gevreğinde akrilamid düzeylerinin belirlenmesi ve pişirme koşullarının akrilamid oluşumu üzerine etkileri, doctoral diss., Ege Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Gıda Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı, İzmir, 2012.
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[5] V. Gökmen, T.K. Palazoğlu and H.Z. Şenyuva, Relation between the acrylamide formation and time-temperature history of surface and core regions of french fries, Journal of Food Engineering, 77, 2006, 972-976.

Abstract: The efficacy of different extracts of neem leaf on soil borne fungi M. phaseolina and chemical characterization of the neem leaf extracts were studied in vitro on the culture medium. The growth of M. phaseolina was inhibited significantly and controlled with both alcoholic and water extract of all ages and of the concentrations used. The alcoholic extracts of neem leaf was most effective (62.1 and 64.8%) in comparison to aqueous extract (40.0 and 61.1%) for retarding the growth of M. phaseolina. The identification of active component was done by comparing the retention time (Rt ) and chromatographic...............

KeyWords: Antifungal, Azadirachtin, Gas chromatography, Macrophomina phaseolina, Neem.

[1]. H.S. Puri, Neem- The Divine Tree, (Harwood Acedemic Publisher, Amsterdam,1999)
[2]. A A Mamdouh and Mousa et al., Effect of neem leaf extract on fresh water fishes and Zooplanton community, 8th International Symposium on Tilapia in Aquaculture, 2008.
[3]. B Brototi and R. D. Kaplay, Azadirachta indica (Neem): It's economic utility and chances for commercial planned plantation in Nanded District, Int. J. Pharma 1(2), 2011, 100-104.
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Abstract: Farmers practising rainfed crop farming are at high risk of poor yields which have been necessitated by uncertain rainfall patterns and high ambient temperatures in recent years. Mid season droughts or dryspells are commonplace during the rainy season (October to March period) in the south eastern region of Zimbabwe and seasonal forecasts issued are not very accurate on seasonal distribution of rainfall. The study seeks to explore a 10 year rainfall season period in terms of dryspell activity using rainfall data, for a district station, provided by the Meteorological Services Department. An analysis of dryspell characteristics that include SNDSP and SMDSL was done using time series...............

KeyWords: Midseason, rainfed, resilience, farming, drought, Zimbabwe

[1]. DFID (2001) Strategy for research on renewable natural resources, Technical Report for the DFID's Nat. Resour. Systems
Programme: Semi Arid Systems.
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law, J.Environ. Res. Develop., 3(4), 1013-1019.
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Abstract: This study was carried out to assess the capacity of Pleurotus ostreatus to bio-accumulate trace elements from petroleum product-amended growth substrates. The test mushroom was grown on two (2) substrates namely, banana leaves (BL) and sawdust (SD) substrates which were amended with (5 ml, 10 ml and 15 ml) of crude oil, diesel and spent engine oil separately. The fruit-bodies harvested from the substrates were subjected to analysis for trace elements. The ten elements of interest were cadmium, copper, chromium, cobalt, manganese, zinc, iron, lead, mercury and nickel. All the elements analyzed for were found in reasonable levels in the mushroom except for mercury..............

KeyWords: Trace elements, bio-accumulation, Pleurotusostreatus, nutrition-based therapy

[1]. Nkang, A. E., Eko, M. E. and Markson, A. A. Biology: Lower Plant Forms. Calabar, Nigeria. Galax-Star Printers and Publishers,
2005.
[2]. Ogbo, E. M. and Okhuoya, J. A. Bioremediation of aliphatic, aromatic, resinic and asphaltic fractions of crude oil contaminated
soils by Pleurotus tuber –regium (Fr) Singer- a white rot fungus. African Journal of Biotechnology, 7(23),2008, 4291-4297.
[3]. Adenipekun, C.O. and Fasidi, I.O. Degradation of selected agricultural wastes by Pleurotus tuber-regium (Fries) Singer and
Lentinus subnudus (Berk) – Nigerian Edible Mushrooms. Advances in Food Sciences 27 (2), 2005, 61 – 64.
[4]. Isikhuemhen, O. S., Anoliefo, G. O. &Oghale, O.I. Bioremediation of crude oil polluted soil by the white rot fungus Pleurotus
tuber- regium (Fr.) Singer. Environmental Science Pollution Research International, 10(2), 2003, 108-112.
[5]. Markson, A. A., Madunagu, B. and Bassey, G. Assessment of growth support potentials of different substrates for the cultivation of
Volvariellavolvacea. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare, 2(3), 2012a, 52-58.

Abstract: Effect of the cold period was investigated as a limiting factor for nursery argan (Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels) seedlings production. The effect of the cold period (from November to January was characterized by minimum temperatures ≤ 10 ° C) on the survival of argan seedlings elevated in the seedling trays was studied during two years. In the first year, seedlings of 15 different mother-trees were elevated in the open air (without shade house), while seedlings of 30 genotypes of the second year were growing under shade house. Effect of the cold period of the seedlings without shade house was characterized by yellowing and drying of leaves. Cold stress affects 47.9% of seedlings while 53.9% of these seedlings...............

KeyWords: Argania spinosa, shade house, cold stress period, seedlings production, mother-tree reaction.

[1] L. Emberger, Les limites naturelles climatiques de l'arganier, Bulletin de la Société des Sciences Naturelles du Maroc, tome V (1 et
2), 1925, 94 – 97.
[2] O. M'hirit, M. Benzyane, F. Benchekroun, S.M. El Youssfi, and M. Bendaanoun, L'arganier une espèce fruitière-forestière à usages
multiples, in P. Mardaga (Ed.), Hayen, Sprimont, (Belgique, 1998) 145 p.
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[4] A. Ferradous, F. Bani-Aameur, and P. Dupuis, Climat stationel, phénologie et fructification de l'arganier (Argania spinosa (L.)
Skeels), Actes de l'institut agronomique et vétérinaire Hassan II, 17, 1996, 51-60.
[5] H.N. Le Houérou, Classification écoclimatique des zones arides (s. 1.) de l'Afrique du Nord, Ecologia Mediterranea 15 (3-4), 1989,
95-144.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to optimize the extraction and characterization of lycopene, a carotenoid, from a tropical fruit, Psidium guajava L. and to demonstrate its health benefits. Deionised water, mixed with organic solvents, was used for extraction, and the depletion stage was reached in order to define the number of extractions needed to extract most of the lycopene. Optimum extraction was achieved with petroleum ether combined with guava puree:deionised water ratio of 40% using 15 ml of water. Four extractions were a satisfactory compromise to maximize the amount of lycopene recovered and to minimize the use of organic solvent. Excellent purification of lycopene...............

KeyWords: DPPH, FTIR, HPLC, Liquid-liquid Extraction, Lycopene, Psidium guajava L.

[1]. R. Martinez, P. Torres, M. A. Meneses, J. G. Figueroa, J. A. Pérez-Álvarez, M. Viuda-Martos, Chemical, technological and in vitro antioxydant properties of mango, guava, passion fruit, pineapple dietary fiber concentrate, Food Chem., 135, 2012, 1520–1526.
[2]. K. Thaipong, U. Boonprakob, K. Crosby, L. Cisneros-Zevallos, D. Hawkins Byrne, Comparison of ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, and ORAC assays for estimating antioxidant activity from guava fruit extracts. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 19, 2006, 669–675.
[3]. M. Lecerf, Tomate, lycopène et prévention cardiovasculaire. Phytotherapie 4(1), 2006, HS34-HS39.
[4]. A.Z. Mercadante , A. Steck , H. Pfander, Carotenoids from guava (Psidium guajava L.): Isolation and structure elucidation. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 47(1), 1999, 145-151.
[5]. J.A.O. Zea, L.P.R. Sánchez, Study of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of guava in different stage of ripening. Acta Biologica Colombiana, 17(3), 2012, 611-624.

Abstract: Water samples from River Owan located within the Benin-Owena River Basin, southwestern Nigeria, were investigated for irrigation suitability employing electrical conductivity (EC), Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR), %Na, Residual Sodium Bicarbonate (RSBC), Potential Salinity (PS), Soluble Sodium Product (SSP), Magnesium absorption ratio (MAR), Kelly ratio (KR) and Wilcox plot. Estimated irrigation parameters revealed that SAR ranged from 0.15 – 1.4 (av. 0.33), RSBC; -1.75 – 2.68 (av.0.73), MAR; 36.86 – 77.41 (av. 60.11), KR; 1.69 – 8.37 (av. 3.06) while PS, SSP and %Na were from 0.01 – 3.12 (av. 0.56), 31.51 – 70.33 (av. 55.99) and 19.93 – 58.69 (av55.99) respectively. Furthermore, Wilcox plot revealed that all water samples from River Owan were in the excellent to good irrigation category.............

KeyWords: electrical conductivity, farming activities, Wilcox plot, wells, irrigation parameter.

[1]. African Development Fund (ADB), Nigeria: Rural water supply and sanitation sub-programmes in Yobe and Osun States, appraisal report.Water and Sanitation Department (OWAS). May 2007.
[2]. P.A. Esoka, and J.M. Umaru, Industrial effluent and water pollution in Kakuri area, Kaduna South, Nigeria. Journal of Industrial pollution and control, 2006, Vol. 22, No 1, pp. 93-100. ISSN 0970-2083.
[3]. O.T. Adebayo, A.M. Balogun, and O.A. Olubiyi, Chemical analysis of some industrial effluents that discharge into Lagos Lagoon, Nigeria. Research Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2007, Vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 196-199. ISSN 1819-3412.
[4]. M.O. Jaji, O. Bamgbose, O.O. Odukoya, and T.A. Arowolo, Water quality assessment of Ogun River, South West Nigeria. Environmental Monitoring Assessment, 2007, Vol. 33, No 1-3, pp. 473-482. doi: 10.1007/s10661-006-9602-1. ISSN: 0167-6369
[5]. S.A. Mashi, and M.M. Alhassan, Effects of wastewater discharge on heavy metals pollution in Fadama soils in Kano City, Nigeria. [6] Journal of Biomedical and Environmental Sciences. 2007, Vol. 20, No 1, pp. 70-77.

Abstract: Among the most important hydrolytic enzymes microbial alkaline protease have been extensively used since the advent of enzymology. It is produce by bacterium either extracellular or intracellular. Isolation and screening of sufficient extracellular alkaline protease producing bacterial strains are of great importance due to its wide spectrum applications in number of industries such as bio-remediation, food industries, leather processing, bio-film degradation, keratin degradation antifungal activity and number of other eco-friendly applications. The various samples, sea water, domestic water sludge, fish market soil and fermented fish were collected and used for enrichment, isolation and screening was done using screening medium and optimization for different physical and chemical parameters were carried out using CYP agar medium.............

KeyWords: Alkaline protease, Leather processing, Antifungal, Insecticidal, Bio-film, B.pumilus

[1]. Asokan. S. Andjayanthi 2010 Alkaline protease production by bacillus licheniformis and bacillus coagulans. Journal of Cell and Tissue Research Vol. 10(1) 2119-2123
[2]. Bijender Kumar Bajaj. 2013 Thermostable alkaline protease production from Bacillus pumilusD-6 by using agro-residues as substrates. Advances in Enzyme Research Vol.1, No.2, 30-36 (2013)
[3]. Dubey.R, S. Adhikary, J. Kumar and N. Sinha 2010 Isolation, Production, Purification, Assay and Characterization of Alkaline Protease Enzyme from Aspergillus niger and its Compatibility with Commercial Detergents. Developmental Microbiology and Molecular Biology ISSN 0976-5867 Volume 1, Number 1 , pp. 75-94.
[4]. Andrew Leslie. 2011 Preventing biofilm formation using microbes and their enzymes. MMG 445 Basic Biotechnologies (2011) 7:6-11 MMG 445.5153325.
[5]. Banerjee.U. 1999 Thermostable alkaline protease from Bacillus brevis and its characterization as a laundry detergent additive. Process Biochemistry 35 (1999) 213–219..

Abstract: Insect pests have caused a lot of menace to subsistence farmers especially those living in rural areas where there is limited access to agrochemicals. Owing to this, various classes of compounds have been synthesized by man to combat their concomitant threats. These chemicals directly target the organisms (insect pests) and indirectly pose health hazards to man by affecting major organs of the body when exposed inadvertently to them. One of such chemicals is pirimiphos-methyl. Pirimisphos-methyl, marketed as Actellic, is a phosphorothioate used to control insect pests in stored cereal grain, seeds and peanuts. However............

KeyWords: Hepatic function, Hepatotoxicity, histopathology, Pirimiphos-methyl, Sub-acute toxicity.

[1]. M.A.E.El-Sayed, H.F. Abdel-Razik,, R. Gamal,andM.F.Hany, Biochemical and histopathological effects of systemic pesticides on some functional organs of male albino rats,Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 8(11), 2012, 5459-5469.
[2]. N.K.Rajawat, I.Soni, andP.Mathur,Hepatotoxicity of cyfluthrin after acute exposure in Swiss albino mice,Bulletin of Environment, Pharmacology and Life Science, 4(2), 2015, 128-134.
[3]. S.A.M.Zaahkouk, E.G.E.Helal, T.E.I.Abd-Rabo, and S.Z.A.Rashed,Carbamate toxicity and protective effect of vitamin A and vitamin E on some biochemical aspects of male albino rats, The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine,1, 2000, 60-77.
[4]. M. Al-Haj, A.Nasser, and A.Anis,Survey of pesticides used in qat cultivation in DhaleandYafeand their adverse effects, Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, 9(1), 2005, 103-110.
[5]. H.H.Hagar and A.H.Fahmy, A biochemical, histochemical and ultrastructural evaluation of the effect of dimethoate intoxication on rat pancreas,Toxicology Letters, 133, 2002, 161-170..

Abstract: In this paper, some legal issues pertaining to claiming compensation by fishers due to marine pollution are discussed.With exception of damages caused by oil pollution, fishers have to present their grievances in civil court adhering to English common law. In the court of law, the primary concern is whether a plaintiff has the right to sue. Although they may proof locus standi by possessing licenses to fish, that their damages are over and above the general public, proving damages is another obstacle. As is it now, the laws are not compassionate enough to the environmental victims............

KeyWords: compensation, locus standi, public property, property rights

[1]. (2001) 4 MLJ 26 (Eng Thye Plantation Bhd V Lim Eng Hock & Ors)
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Abstract: Agrochemicals are widely used in the present day agricultural practices and many non-targeted species like honey bees are affected by these agrochemicals and getting declined in the nature.To prevent this, detoxification mechanism needs to be studied and implemented in future aspects to protect the honey bees.Honeybee is a member of the genus Apis, involved in the production and storage of honey, construction of perennial, colonial nests from wax. Species of Apis mellifera pollinate a large variety of plants. Of all the honey bee species, only A.mellifera has been used extensively for commercial pollination of crops and other plants. Bees suffer serious effects from toxic............

KeyWords: Honey bees, Neonicotinoids, Imidacloprid, Apis mellifera, Insects..

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