IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-11 ~ Issue-9 ~ September 2017

Abstract: The physicochemical properties of groundwater from various locations on all four campuses of the Kaduna Polytechnic were analyzed. The samples taken from thirteen different locations revealed physico-chemical parameters within the following range: pH (7.25-7.67), Temp (20.2-20.9ºC), conductivity (090-563 μS/cm), chloride (2.33-495.6 mg/l), total hardness (0.24-3.04 mg/l), Total dissolved solids (380-3090mg/l) Total suspended solids (0-12mg/l), alkalinity (184-688 mg/l). Turbidity (0-5NTU), Dissolved oxygen (22.2-49.5mg/L), Biological oxygen demand (6.5-15.4mg/L), Calcium (0.12-0.90mg/l, Magnesium (1.28-6.08mg/l) and Nitrate (0.03-0.32 mg/l). The results revealed that most of the...........

Keywords: groundwater, Kaduna, physicochemical, polytechnic

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[5]. Muthulakshmi L., Ramu A., Kannan.N., Murugan A (2013). "Application of Correlation and Regression Analysis in Assessing Ground Water Quality". International Journal of Chem Tech Research .5(1):353-361..

Abstract: The study area falls within the Jos Plateau which is underlain by rocks of the Basement Complex and Younger Granite Complex, with some volcanics of quaternary/ Tertiary age. However the study area is partly within the Jos-Bukuru Complex and the Ropp Complex, and covers a total area extent of about 80 km2 . The geological survey of the area was carried out which revealed ten (10) lithologic units differentiated based on the mode of formation, mineralogy and texture and were further classified into three categories based on age as follows: Crystalline Basement Rocks (Migmatite, Porphyritic Biotite granite and Older Granite), Younger Granite Complex (Biotite Microgranite, Rayfield gona Biotite Granite, Kassa Biotite Granite, Yelwa Pyroxene Granite, Vom Hornblende Biotite Granite............

Keywords:Geology, Geochemical, Analysis, Background, Concentrations

[1]. MacLeod, W.N. and Berridge, N.G, Geology of the Jos Plateau, Geological Survey of Nigeria.
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[2]. McCurry, P, Geology of degree sheet 21 (Zaria) M.Sc. Ahmadu Bello University. In Geology of Nigeria, edited by C.A Kogbe, 1989. Rock view (Nigeria) Limited, Jos. 2nd ed. [3]. Schoeneich, K, Geology of Jos Plateau and Yankari Game Reserve. Jos University Press Ltd 199.
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Abstract: Ripening of banana is the major economical concern during post harvest that improves the color, softness and characteristics aroma of banana and makes them ripened rapidly and palatable as well as more attractive to the consumer. This study was conducted to investigate the current situation of using artificial ripening agent and to determine their effects on nutritional properties and sensory attributes of banana. It was found that farmers and traders in this region treated banana with different types of growth hormones and artificial ripening agents available as locally brand pack that contains mostly of ethephon. From the practical enumeration, it was found that the moisture, fat...............

Keywords: Artificial ripening agent,Banana,mineral content, sensory attributes,vitamin C

[1]. P. Rowe, Breeding an 'intractable' crop - bananas (In: Rachie, K. and Lyman, J. eds. Genetic engineering for crop improvement, The Rockefeller foundation, New York, 1981), 66-83.

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[3]. J. Marriott, M. Robinson, and S.K. Karikari, Starch and sugar transformation during the ripening of plantains and bananas. Journal of Science, Food and Agriculture, 32(10) 1981, 1021-1026.

[4]. T.N. Prabha, and N. Bhagyalakhmi, Carbohydrate metabolism in ripening banana fruit. Phytochemistry, 48(6), 1998, 915-919...

Abstract: Activated sludge process is most common biological treatment. High efficiency and easy operation are advantages of the process. Characterization of the sewage is important aspect of the treatment methodology. The chemical and biological oxygen demand and their relative values help in deciding the treatment methodology. In the current work, the analysis of the sludge is carried out. Also the various important parameters like ultimate biological oxygen demand, rate constant and effect of temperature on the rate constant are studied. The activated sludge tank is designed and parameters such as hydraulic retention time, air requirement are estimated.

Keywords: Sludge, cell mass, retention time, oxygen demand, organic matter, rate constant

[1] W. Janczukowicz, M. Szewczyk, M. Krzemieniewski, J. Pesta, Settling Properties of Activated Sludge from a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR), Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 10(1), 2001,15-20.
[2] S.J.Kulkarni, A. K. Goswami, Characterization, Treatment and Disposal of Sludge: A Review, International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology, 2(12), December 2014, 516-517.
[3] Sonali Dhokpande, Dr. Jayant Kaware, Sunil Kulkarni, Activated Sludge for Heavy Metal Removal-A Review, International Journal For Research In Applied Science And Engineering Technology, 2(7), 2014, 254-259.
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[5] S.J.Kulkarni, P.M.Kherde,Research on advanced biological effluent treatment: a review, Int J Res Rev., 2(8), 2015, 508-512..

Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the hydrocarbon contamination in addition to other sediment characteristics of a tidal creek in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Total of seventy six sediment samples were collected in triplicates from four locations (AZ1, AZ2, AZ3- Azuabie creek and OK - Okujagu creek) monthly from July - December 2016. Standard Methods described in APHA were used to analyse conductivity, pH, nitrate, sulphate and phosphate while total organic carbon (%TOC) was determined by the method of Walkley and Black. Gas chromatography was used for the determination of target hydrocarbon analytes after extraction from sediment. Results show mean value ranges thus: pH (4.6-6.7),.............

Keywords: Azuabie creek, Niger Delta Petroleum Hydrocarbon contamination, Sediment

[1] R.B. Jackson, A. Vengosh, T.H Darrah, N.R. Warner, A. Down, R.J. Poreda, G. Osborn, K. Zhao, D.S.J. Jones, and P.R. Pujadó, Handbook of Petroleum Processing, Springer. 2006.
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Abstract: Water plays a vital role in human life. The importance of groundwater for existence of human society cannot be overemphasized. There are several states in India where more than 90% populations are dependent on groundwater for drinking and other purpose [1,2]. Most of the industries discharge their effluent without proper treatment into nearby open pits or pass them through unlined channels, resulting in the contamination of groundwater [3]. The incidence of groundwater pollution is highest in urban areas where large volumes of waste are concentrated and discharged into relatively small areas [4]. The hydrogeochemical conditions are also responsible for causing significant variations in groundwater quality[5].............

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[3] A Jinwal and S Dixit Pre and post monsoon variation in physio-chemical characteristic in groundwater quality in Bhopal, India.
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Mining Environment, NSEEME-2004, 19-20, March. Indra N. Sinha, Mrinal K. Ghose and Gurdeep Singh (Eds). 2004 :1-14...

Abstract: Heavy metals are a threat to human health and ecosystem. These days, great deal of attention is being given to green technologies for purification of water contaminated with heavy metal ions. Biosorption is one among such emerging technologies, which utilizes naturally occurring waste materials to sequester heavy metals from wastewater. Cadmium has hazardous impact on living beings; therefore, its removal through green and economical process is an important task. The aim of the present study is to utilize the locally available palm kernel cake as an biosorbent for cadmium removal from aqueous solution. Activated carbon prepared using from palm kernel cake was used for the.............

Keywords: Biosorption, activated palm kernel cake, cadmium, batch experiments, isotherms

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Abstract: This study determined the evaluation of domestic water withdrawal systems (DWWS) in the fields of environment and economics in Kandahar city, Afghanistan. The study assessed currently used systems such as water supply piping system WSS 77% and bore well system BS 23%. In order, by a questioner and observation data form, two kinds as primary and secondary were collected from 25 units (houses) per municipality districts and 275 units in the entire city, average data on districts level was entered to a simple calculation model. Based on the observed data, the construction cost as 19962 Afghani/house with maintenance 0.92 Afghani/house/day of BS were determined high related........

Keywords: Bore well systems, Domestic water usage, Groundwater extraction, Groundwater resource management, Water supply piping system

[1] Anna Kounina & Manuele Margni & Jean-Baptiste Bayart (2013). Review of methods addressing freshwater use in life cycleinventory and impact assessment, Int J Life Cycle Assess 18:707–721.
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[3] Cai, X., D.C. McKinney & L.S. Lasdon (2003). Integrated hydrologic-agronomic-economic model for river basin management. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 129(1): 4-17.
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Abstract: (Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is a tropical fruit widely consumed around the world. The study was carried out on four selected guava varieties grown in Martinique. Two fruit harvests were gathered at two-year intervals, at the green/yellow color change maturity stage. First, we established the homogeneity of all fruit batches by bootstrapping, ANOVA, box plot and multiple comparison statistical analysis on physical parameters. Red Supreme Ruby clearly differs from the other three varieties, whereas the results for Centeno Prolific are between Beauséjour and Enana Cuba........

Keywords: Psidium guajava L., Vitamin C, Lycopene, Total polyphenols, Antioxidant activity

[1]. O. Marcelin, L. Saulnier and J.M. Brillouet, Extraction and characterisation of water-soluble pectic substances from guava (Psidium guajava L.). Carbohydr Res 212, 1991, 159-167.
[2]. O. Marcelin, P. Williams and J.M. Brillouet, Isolation and characterisation of the two main cell wall types from guava (Psidium guajava L.) pulp. Carbohydr Res 240, 1993, 233-243.
[3]. O. Marcelin, A.B. Smith, E. Bonnin and J.M. Brillouet, Enzymatic breakdown of cell wall polysaccharides of guava (Psidium guajava L.) puree. J Environmental Sci Toxicol Food Technol 11(3), 2017, 14-23.
[4]. O. Marcelin, C. Mazaloubeaud, F. Priam and E. J. Smith-Ravin. Valuation of plant biomolecules: the case of guava (Psidium guajava L.). In Dumont J and Pagney Bénito-Espinal F, editors. Terres d'Amériques: Karthala Publisher. 9, 2015, 249-262.
[5]. K. Thaipong, U. Boonprakob, K. Crosby, L. Cisneros-Zevallos and H. Byrne, Comparison of ABTS, DDPH, FRAP and ORAC essays for estimating antioxidant activity from guava fruit extracts. J Food Compos Anal 19(6-7), 2006, 669-675.

Abstract: Forests in Benue State are depleting due to anthropogenic activities. Community based forest management had been suggested by various researchers as being capable of stemming the rate of destruction of forests. This study was therefore carried out to assess the presence, mode and level of participation in community based forests practices in Benue State with a view to corroborate or dispute the veracity of the practice. Stratified multistage random sampling method was adopted to select 240 Household Heads who were later interviewed using 240 pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Participatory Index analysis (PI) was employed to determine the extent of peoples' involvement in various forestry practices.........

Keywords: Community Based Management, forest depletion, participation

[1]. Adinna, E.N. and Attah, V.I. 2000. Forest Reserve Practices and Problems in Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Forestry. Vol. 30, No. 2, pp. 53 - 61.
[2]. Lise, W. 2000. "Factors Influencing People's Participation in Forest Management in India." Ecological Economies, 34: 379 – 392.
[3]. Papka P. M. 1995. Community Participation in Forestry Development in Nigeria. In Oduwaiye E. A (ed) Forestry and the Small Farmer. Proceedings of the 24th Annual Conference of the Forestry Association of Niger. 30th Oct 4th November, 1995, Kaduna Pp. 1 – 18.
[4]. Agbeja, B. O. 2003. The Need to Link State and Federal Forest policies and Institutions in Nigeria. In Rebuilding Africa's Capacity for Agricultural Industries. African Network for Agro-forestry Education (ANAFE), World Agro-forestry Centre. Pp. 96 – 105.
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Abstract: Flaxseed is rich in bioactive food components, and has therapeutic properties in menopause, which is preventing changes in hormonal status and that of the main reasons for osteoporosis after menopause. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Flaxseed on reduction and management of postmenopausal symptoms lipid profile and improve antioxidant status in aging female rats. Seven young adult female Sprague Dawley rats (3 month old, 200± 15g) was acted as young negative control rat group and twenty one aged female Sprague Dawley rats (18- 20 month old, 300 ± 15g) were divided into positive control group fed on basal diet and two groups which treated with flaxseed powder (FP) as 15% powder in basal diet and flaxseed water extract (FE) as 1300mg/kg b.w daily by stomach tube........

Keywords: Flaxseed - Phenolic compounds - Antioxidant activities -menopausal– Sex hormones – Lipid profile - Rats

[1]. Al-Safi, Z.A. and Polotsky, A.J. (2015): Obesity and Menopause. Best Pract. Res. Clin. Obstet. Gynaecol., 29: 548–553.
[2]. Amit, J.; Jhala, M. and Linda, M. (2010): Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.): Current Uses and Future Applications. Australian J. of basic and Applied Sciences, Canada ,4(9): 4304-4312.
[3]. Arts, C.W.; Hollman, C.H.; Feskens, J.M. and Kromhout, D. (2001): Catechin intake might explain the inverse relation between tea consumption and ischemic heart disease: the Zutphen Elderly Study, Am J. Clin Nutr., 74 (2): 227-232.
[4]. Asali, Z.; Fahami, F.; Aslani, A. and Fathizadeh, N. (2010): A Comparative study on the Effects of Hypericum perforatum and Passion Flower on the Menopausal Symptoms of Women referring to Isfahan city health care centers. Iran J. Nurs Midwifery Res., 15(4): 202–207.
[5]. Ballester, J.; Munoz, M.C.; Dominguez, J.; Rigau, T.; Guinovart, J.J. and Rodriguez, J.E. (2004): Insulin-dependent Diabetes affects Testicular function by FSH –linked Mechanisms. J. Androl., 25(5): 706-719.