IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-15 ~ Issue-11 ~ November 2021

Abstract: Konjac is a special economic crop grown in southern China, and oligomannose is its main decomposition product. The existing clinical research results show that β-mannan hydrolase can effectively enzymatically hydrolyze konjac starch to prepare oligomannose and mannose complexes. Oligomannose has a variety of physiological functions such as promoting the specific proliferation of beneficial bacteria in the organism, reducing the production of toxic metabolites, preventing constipation, protecting the liver, fighting cancer, and enhancing the body's immunity. In addition, it also has the characteristics of not being absorbed and degraded by the human body, and does not increase blood sugar concentration. It is a new generation of functional food. β-mannanase is......

Keywords: konjac flour, oligomannose, β-mannanase, hydrolysis rate, average degree of polymerization

[1]. Lizhi Yang, Chunhao Yu, Zhimin He. Function and production overview of functional oligosaccharides [J]. Tianjin Chemical Industry,2001(01):13-15.
[2]. Cunduo Tang. Gene cloning and molecular modification of β-mannanase and enzymatic preparation of oligomannose [D]. Jiangnan University,2013
[3]. U. T. Bornscheuer et al. Engineering the third wave of biocatalysis[J]. Nature: International weekly journal of science, 2012, 485(7397) : 185-194.
[4]. Prakram Singh Chauhan et al. Mannanases: microbial sources, production, properties and potential biotechnological applications[J]. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2012, 93(5): 1817-1830.
[5]. Mei Zhao, Chunjuan Wang, Yunhai Dong, Jianfang Li, Minchen Wu. Optimization of technological conditions for preparation of oligoglucomannase by recombinant β-mannanase [J]. Journal of Food and Biotechnology,2016,35(07):704-708.

Abstract: Biodiversity conservation and sustainable development are inter-related. It is necessary to protect the biodiversity in their natural habitat. In the last decade the left minor tributaries of river Mahanadi were perennial but presently they are almost in seasonal form. The water flows only during the monsoon period up to the February. During the March to June the water becomes shallow and remains only in ditches of the rivers. Due to irrational fishing practices, sand mining, sewage water discharge and other anthropogenic activities practiced over the year, the fish diversity of these rivers is mostly lost. During monsoon the fishes migrate from river Mahanadi to these tributaries and restructure the aquatic diversity. River Sheonath, Arpa, Leelagar, Hasdo, Sone, Borai, Mand, Kelo are the left tributaries of river Mahanadi......

Keywords: Migration, fish diversity , Leelagar, Sone, Borai

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Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality of leachate from the Koubia and Niamey 2000 landfills. A total of twenty samples were collected in 500mL flasks. Temperature, pH, electrical conductivity and dissolved oxygen content were measured in situ. The enumeration of indicator bacteria of fecal contamination was carried out by the method of plating by incorporation in specific nutrient medium. Four bacteria were sought. The values noted for the physico-chemical parameters were also irregular compared to the standards of discharge but favorable for the most part to the good development of microorganisms. The concentrations found for the different bacteria counted were outside the norms except for the 200UFC/mL E. Coli content for the Niamey 2000 landfill. The respective concentrations of total coliforms were 2.9.105 and 5.1.104, CFU/mL for Koubia.....

Keywords: Fecal bacteria, Quality, Leachate, landfill, Koubia, Niamey 2000, Niamey

[1]. Hassoune E, El Kettani S, Koulali Y & Bouzidi A. Contamination bactériologique des eaux souterraines par les eaux usées de la ville de Settat, Maroc. Rev. Microbiol. Ind. San et Environn. 2010 ; 4 (1): 1-21.
[2]. Haijoubi H, Benyahya F, Abdrezzak B, Essadqui FZ, Mohammed, B, Ahmed FM, Ghailani NN, Mohcine BM, & Barakat A. Etude de la qualité bactériologique de l'eau utilisée dans l'industrie agroalimentaire dans le Nord du Maroc. Pan African Medical Journal. 2017 ; 26(13) :
[3]. E-Zoubi YE, Merzouki M, Bennani L, Lalami AEO, & Benlemlih, M. Procédé pour la réduction de la charge polluante du lixiviat de la décharge contrôlée de la ville de Fès. International Journal of Déchets, Sciences et Techniques. 2010; (58): 22-29.
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Abstract: The purpose of this research was to know the species of rare plants existing in forest tourism Monkey Forest, Ubud, Gianyar, Bali and their mapping distributionsin the original nature. This is an explorative research. The populations of this research were all species of plants in Monkey Forest. This research sampleswerethe plant species covered by the squares. The sampling method used was quadratic method with systematic sampling technique. The mapping of rare plant species distribution used simple mapping method which was simple polygon compass and GPS. Identification of rare plant species was conducted through interviews, questionnaires, observations.....

Keywords: Map, Species Distributions, Rare Plants, Monkey Forest

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Abstract: Wastewater from fishery was treated using unactivated and activated carbon from Cherry seed shell, one part of the material was activated with 50% saturated ammonium chloride solution and the other unactivated. The substrates were carbonized in a muffle furnace at 500oC for three hours. The powdered unactivated and activated carbon obtained were characterized in terms of pH, bulk density, surface area, negative surface charge, moisture content, volatile matter content and ash content. The result of the powdered unactivated carbon characterized was pH 8.70 ±0.02, bulk density, 0.79 ±0.01g/cm3, surface area, 0.057 ±0.01g/mgI2 negative surface charge, 1.77.....

Keywords: adsorption, kinetics, wastewater, unactivated, activated

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Abstract: It is common knowledge that farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa, including Nigeria are struggling to cope with the current climate variability. Our response to climate change is measured in terms of adaptation. Adaptation to climate change requires that farmers first notice that the climate has changed, and then identify useful adaptation measures and implement them. This study analyzed farmers' perception and knowledge on climate change and adaptation strategies in Jema'a LGA, Kaduna State. Rainfall and temperature data (1980 – 2014) were used to characterize the climate of the study area. 382 farmers were purposively sampled and administered questionnaire. Trendlineswere.....

Keywords: Adaptation, Climate Change, Farmers, Knowledge and Perception

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