IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-15 ~ Issue-8 ~ Aug. 2021

Abstract: This study examines the household solid waste management practices and the role of agencies responsible for its management in Gombe. The research gathered data from two main sources: primary and secondary sources. The secondary data were obtained from the library and internet sources while the primary data were obtained from the household heads, field surveys and oral interviews of employees of rlevant waste management agencies such as: Gombe State Environmental Protection Agency (GOSEPA), Gombe Local Government, Formal Private Contractor (Inex Cleaners Limited), Informal Private Operators, operating in high and medium income neighborhoods, CBOs and waste collectors. .. The study revealed that the socio-economic characteristics of the households in the study area have influence on waste generation, collection and disposal in terms of their educational levels, monthly income, households' family size.......

Key words: Household, Strategic Options, Waste management, Solid waste, Agencies

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Abstract: The consumption of conditioned water has significantly increased in urban centers over the last decades. However, studies on the quality of all imported and local conditioned water are very rare in Niamey (Niger). To protect the consumer, this study examines the physico-chemical quality of 20 brands of bottled water and 6 brands of plastic sachet water. The assessment on the physicochemical parameters was carried out by molecular absorption spectrophotometry and titrimetry. The results obtained showed that the content on calcium, magnesium, sulphate, bicarbonates, chlorides, nitrates and nitrites are within WHO standards. An abnormal content of 61.77 mg.L-1 of nitrate ions in a sachet water sample and an acidic pH of 2.62; 3.31; 5.14 on the supplemented water were observed. Therefore, the majorityof bottled water can be consumed without danger. Hard and highly mineralized natural mineral water as.......

Keywords: Conditioned waters, physicochemical quality, urban area, Niamey

[1]. Ojo OA, Bakare SB, and Babatunde AO. Microbial and chemical analysis of potable water in public-water supply within LagosUniversity, Ojo. African Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2005; 1(1): 30-35. Doi : 10.4314/ajid.v1i1.42083.
[2]. Mbaeyi-Nwaoha, I. E. & Egbuche, N. I. Microbiological evaluation of sachet water and street-vended yoghurt and "Zobo" drinks sold in Nsukka metropolis. Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci. 2012; 6(4): 1703-1717. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v6i4.27.
[3]. Sheshe, M. U., Magashi. Assessment of physicochemical quality of sachet water produced in selected local Government areas of Kano metropolis, Kano State-Nigeria. Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences. 2014; 7(2): 31-35. https://doi:10.4314/bajopas.v7i2.7.
[4]. Yusuf, Y. O., Jimoh, A. I., Onaolapo, E. O. & Dabo, Y. An assessment of sachet water quality in Zaria Area of Kaduna State, Nigeria. Journal of Geography and Regional Planning. 2015; 8(7): 174-180. doi: 10.5897/JGRP2015.0501.
[5]. Toure, A., Wenbiao, D., Keita, Z., Dembele, A., and Elsamoal Elzak Abdalla Elzaki, E. E. A. Drinking water quality and risk for human health in Pelengana commune, Segou, Mali. Journal of Water and Health. 2019; 17(4): 609-621. https://doi:10.2166/wh.2019.004..

Abstract: Leaching is a natural phenomenon. Substances leached from plants include great diversity of nutrients. Most of the experimental work on leaching has been done on terrestrial plants but a very insignificant amount of work is available on aquatic macrophytes. The present investigation has been carried out in order to quantify the leaching of nutrients from an aquatic plant-Nymphoides crostata in an experimental Lentic system supplied with superphosphate fertiliser with different doses. Ten gram phosphate fertiliser was found to be optimum for maximum leaching of nutrients from the leaves of the plants. The possibility of using Nymphoides spp. For the upwelling of nutrients is also discussed.

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Abstract: This work centred on the toxicological impact of particulate emissions from the combustion of crude oil on vital organs as lungs, heart, kidneys and liver of male Wister rats with a view to establishing the possible pathological effects of inhalation of petroleum-based particulates. This work assessed lipid profiles as bases for establishing the effects on the rats. In this study, TC was found to have bio-concentrated more than TG, HDLs and LDLs into vital organs. High level of TC in this study is an indication of a heart predisposed to cardiac issues like ischemic heart attack, stroke and other cardiovascular diseases. Elevated values shown in this study over prolonged exposure for TC was evident of ill health or disease condition, too. Lower levels of HDLs and a dramatic increase in LDLs as noticed on the twenty eight day of exposure also meant predisposition to diseased condition or a deficiency. This study has therefore demonstrated that prolonged exposure to petroleum-based particulate pollutants in the study area could predispose rats to increased chances of stroke and heart attack, most especially, diabetics.

Key Words: Effects, Toxicological Assessment, Petroleum-based Particulates, Air Pollutants

[1]. Amukali, O. (2019) Effects of Wastes from Auto-mechanic Workshops on Concentrations of Heavy Metals
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Abstract: Background: In developing countries, farmers generally use synthetic insecticides to protect their stored foodstuffs from numerous predators such as Callosobruchus maculatus. However, although effective, they cause many adverse effects on the environment and on the health of consumers. The present study aims to evaluate the insecticidal effect of Cassia mimosoides extracts against C. maculatus attack during the conservation of Vigna unguiculata. Methodology: For this purpose, resistance tests of 6 different varieties of Vigna unguiculata against the attack of C. maculatus were first carried out. Toxicity tests of extracts (5, 10, 15 and 20 g/kg) with hexane, acetone and methanol on C. maculatusfor 6 days and their effect on the F1 progeny as well as the loss of seed mass during three months of storage were evaluated. The obtained stokes seeds were processed and submitted to physicochemical and sensory analysis......

Key Words: Resistant varieties; Insecticidal activity; Cassia mimosoides extract; cowpea; Callosobruchus maculatus; sensory and nutritional characteristics

[1]. FolefackD.P. , A.G. Sobda , S. Tengomo, O. Boukar and A. Tahirou. Vulgarisation dela méthode du triple ensachage pour le stockage amélioré du niébé en zone sahélienne du Nord Cameroun: Enjeux et perceptions paysannes.TROPICULTURA. 2013; 31, 3, 170-178.
[2]. Modu, S., Laminu, H. H. and Abba Sanda, F. Evaluation of the nutritional value of a composite meal prepared from pearl millet (Pennisetum typhoideum) and cowpea (vigna unguiculata). Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences. 20103; (1): 164 – 168.
[3]. Ouali-N'goran, S-W. M., Boga, J.P., Johnson, F., Tano, Y. and Fouabi, K. Influence of dietary factors of five varieties of beans sold in Côte d'Ivoire on some biological parameters of Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) Coleoptera, Bruchidae. Journal of Animal and Plant Science.2014; 21(1): 3251–3262.
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Abstract: Brewing of malts and beer using cereals other than barley is a well embraced trend. Research evidence suggested that use of glutten-free brown rice malt against milled rice cultivars in brewing could enhance the sensory profile and provided added health advantage for people with celiac disease. This study investigates the proximate composition and wort quality of malt produced from four varieties of indigenous brown 'Ofada' rice. The germinative energy of all the cultivars studied increases with changes in temperature from 24h ˂ 48h ˂ 72h with 20 – 93% and were below least ideal level of 96 percent for commercial malting brewing as reported in literatures. Oryza glaberrima type A had the highest malting loss (33.3 ± 0.14%) while Oryza glaberrima type C had the lowest (24.1 ± 0.0%). Moisture content.....

Keywords: Brewing, Mashing, Proximate composition, Malting, Germinative energy.

[1]. Aboagye, G., Gbolonyo-Cass, S., Kortei, N. K., & Annan, T. (2020). Microbial evaluation and some proposed good manufacturing practices of locally prepared malted corn drink ("asaana") and Hibiscus sabdarifa calyxes extract ("sobolo") beverages sold at a university cafeteria in Ghana. Scientific African, 8, e00330. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCIAF.2020.E00330
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[4]. Ceccaroni, D., Sileoni, V., Marconi, O., De Francesco, G., Lee, E. G., & Perretti, G. (2019). Specialty rice malt optimization and improvement of rice malt beer aspect and aroma. LWT, 99, 299–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.LWT.2018.09.060
[5]. Mayer, H., Marconi, O., Regnicoli, G. F., Perretti, G., & Fantozzi, P. (2014). Production of a Saccharifying Rice Malt for Brewing Using Different Rice Varieties and Malting Parameters. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 62(23), 5369–5377. https://doi.org/10.1021/JF501462A

Abstract: Climate change has negative impacts on all four facets of food security: food supply, food quality, food consumption and food stability. It has an effect on human health, livelihoods, food processing and distribution systems, as well as on increasing buying power and consumer movements. Its effects can be short-term, arising from increasingly regular and more severe extreme weather conditions, and long-term, owing to rising temperatures and precipitation levels. Emissions of greenhouse gasses (GHGs) lead in global warming and climate change. The extent to which advanced countries are adding to GHG pollution is not well established. It has also been argued that climate change will have......

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Abstract: Wood processing at Akim Oda timber market is the main source of livelihood for most people in Akim Oda. However, the activity is associated with some environmental challenges and also contributes to injuries and other health problems. This study was conducted to assess the Environmental challenges, worker's safety and the attendant health effects in wood processing at Akim Oda Timber Market. Data were collected using interviews, non-participatory observation and focus group discussion from 150 woodworkers who were carpenters, machine operators, wood vendors and potters. The study showed that Cedrela odorata was the most common species of wood that was.......

Key words: Environment, health, pollution, safety, sustainable, timber

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[3]. Adhikari, S. and Ozarska, B. (2018). Minimizing environmental impacts of timber products through the production process "From Sawmill to Final Products Environ Syst Res) 7:6 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40068-018-0109-x
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Abstract: This study investigated toxic impacts of heavy metals, Copper, Cadmium and Nickel over a concentration gradient of (0-25 μm) in the shoot induction medium BAP (0.5 mg/l)+ IAA (0.5 mg/l)in in vitro morphogenesis of Tagetes patula. After four weeks of treatment cellular homeostasis and detoxification to the metals were studied by analysing the growth in terms of shoot bud induction, chlorophyll content, proline accumulation and antioxidative enzyme (Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and Peroxidase POD).In the present study the comparative toxicity of heavy metals (Nickel, Cadmium and Copper) in in vitro cultures was studied and found that cadmium was most toxic.

Key words: Catalase, Chlorophyll, Proline, Peroxidase, Superoxide dismutase

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